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1.
本文通过对东亚和南亚马兜铃属的研究,修改了马兜铃属的分类系统,补充论证了演化趋势;并   在分析该属地理分布的基础上提出马兜铃属分布与分化的第二个中心——中国的横断山区。  本文确   认2亚属、7组、4系、68种和1变种,其中有3新组、2新种及13个新异名。  相似文献   

2.
多药马兜钤亚属是马兜铃属目前已知3个亚属中最小的一个亚属,约9种,其中8种产于热带 非洲,1种产于热带亚洲(马来西亚)。  本工作从经典分类学角度对该亚属的系统进行了探讨,首次利用花药数目及其排列方式将其划分为三个组,并对其中所含的种类进行了分类学处理,本文承认9种及3个新异名。  相似文献   

3.
中国羽藓科植物自19世纪起即有报道,但迄今才进行首次全面校订,现知中国有17属和71种 (包括1亚种)。本文主要就其中7个属:薄羽藓属、牛舌藓属、小羽藓属、麻羽藓属、毛羽藓属、沼羽藓属及锦丝藓属中的一些种属名称作修订和新增补。文内涉及1新种、3新异名(含1属的新异名和2个种的新异名)和1新中文名。  相似文献   

4.
本文修订了鳞毛蕨属泡鳞亚属的特征范围,对该亚属的2个组12个种进行了分类研 究,发现其中有新种1个,云南新分布的种5个。本文还对长期混淆不清的Dryopteris labo-rdei与D.gymnosora 的分类特征还进行了清理,恢复前者为独立存在的种。  相似文献   

5.
藁本属Ligusticum L.属伞形科Umbelliferae芹亚科Apioideae Drude阿米芹族Ammineae Koch。它在阿米芹族中,是一个较进化的类群,是介于阿米芹族与前胡族Peucedaneae DC.之间的一个过渡类型。藁本属全世界60余种。我国现知有34种,占该属种数的二分之一,其中28种及2个栽培变种为我国所特有。本文比较分析藁本属的形态学性状和孢粉学性状,以小总苞片及其相关特征作为该属次级划分的主要依据,将藁本属分为两个类群,并对该属的种类作了增补,对一些种的名称、分布作了补充修订。文中还记载了4个新种。喜马拉雅藁本L.elatum(Edgew.)C.B.Clarke和开展藁本L. thomsonii C. B. Clarke var.evolutior C. B.Clarke,系我国首次记录。  相似文献   

6.
本文对蓝钟花属Cyananthus及整个狭义的桔梗科Campanulaceae(s.str.)的花粉、   染色体和形态性状作了深入的系统研究,表明蓝钟花属是该科的最原始类群,它的亲缘属有党   参属Codonopsis和细钟花属Leptocodon。  对蓝钟花属中各个种及它的亲缘属的地理分布分   析,揭示了该属是典型的中国-喜马拉雅区系的成分,横断山地区是该属的频度和多样性中心;   认为中国西南部及其邻近地区至少是桔梗科原始属的保留中心,甚至可能是该科的起源中心。   作者最后对蓝钟花属各个种的性状作了生物统计分析,在此基础上对全属进行了全面的分类   修订,把原有的26个种9个变种归并为19种(包括2亚种);对该属的次级分类也作了修订。   首次报道了该属的染色体数目和细钟花属的花粉形态。  相似文献   

7.
本文修订了中国产粗叶木属植物,共记录31种、4亚种和10变种。其中,报道了一个新种、1个新亚种、2个新变种、8个新组合和9个分布新记录,新归并学名12个,并且对中国粗叶木属植物文献记载中的一些错误和混淆作了澄清。  相似文献   

8.
贵州兰科植物增补   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 对贵州兰科植物区系新资料进行了报道,包括:1个新种(兴仁开唇兰),1个新记录属(无叶兰属)和15个新记录种。  相似文献   

9.
在修订和编写《中国植物志)英文版过程中,依据标本材料(主要是模式标本)和文献考证,对蔷薇科一些属的种进行了修正,并发表了新组合和两个新变种。  相似文献   

10.
对铃兰族(广义)7个属分别作了花粉(17种)扫描电镜观察和叶表皮(12种)的光学显微镜和 扫描电镜观察。花粉可分为8个类型。在狭义的铃兰族的4个属内,花粉全为远极单槽,舟状。它们 的外壁除夏须草属外,都具细孔。夏须草属的花粉外壁则为细皱。  Hutchinson(1934)的蜘蛛抱蛋族 花粉形态变异很大,其中开口箭属和万年青属的花粉为远极单槽,舟形,外壁具穿孔或网纹,而蜘蛛抱 蛋属的花粉则为球状,无萌发孔。其间的显著差异支持Nakai为前两个属建立万年青族(Rohdeae)。 表1归纳了7个属的花粉形态;图1是我们对铃兰族(广义)花粉形态演化的见解。叶表皮观察表明,气 孔器为无规则型,上表皮角质层主要为条纹加厚,或均匀加厚,而铃兰属的角质层秕糠状加厚。7个属的叶表皮特征归纳于表2。  相似文献   

11.
 Four new species of the genus Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) are described as new from China.  They are Aristolochia austrochinensis C. Y. Cheng & J. S. Ma, A. caulialata C. Y. Wu,  A. salweenensis C. Y. Cheng & J. S. Ma, and A. kunmingensis C. Y. Cheng &J. S. Ma. A naturalized species, A. ringens Vahl is also reported.  相似文献   

12.
Dichroa Lour., a small genus of Saxifragaceae, contains about 12 species, ranging from the mainland of S. E. Asia southward to Pacific islands. But most of the species are more restricted in distribution. Of the 12  recognized species,  six  are known from South China and Indochina; three are confined to west and northwest New Guinea; two are endemic to the Phillipines. Only one species is widely distributed in S. E. Asia.  In the present paper, the genus is divided into two sections  and two series based on the number of stamens and the characteristics of the ovary.  One spe- cies is described as new.  相似文献   

13.
Sonneratia, a small genus of Sonneratiaceae, is widely distributed throughout SE. Asia, E. Africa and N. Australia, extending from 18˚S. to 20˚N. and from 45˚ to 150˚E. In China it occurs only in the Hainan Island. In this paper,  two new sections areproposed and six species are recognized, of which one is described as new.  相似文献   

14.
The genus Burmannaia is one of the largest genera in the Burmanniaceae, of which 12 species have been recorded in China.  It is mainly a tropical genus.  The species in China are all confined to the region south of Yangtze River. They are distributed chiefly in the provinces Guangdong (9 species) and Yunnan (6 species). After having studied the areas of all the species in China, we are able to classify them into follow- ing 4 area-types:      1.  Area-type of Tropical Asia to Tropical Australia. The two non-saprophytic species (Burmannia disticha, B. caelestis) and one saprophytic (B. championii) belong to this area-type.  It is an ancient type.  The plants of this type mostly have a wide ecological amplitude, for example, B. disticha may be found in tropical and subtropical regions.  The plants occur not only in evergreen forests, in bushs, but also in rather arid herbosa and on the side of streams (Fig. 2).     2. Area-type of Tropical SE Asia.  In the type are 3 saprophytic species i.e. B. oblonga, B. wallichii and B. nepalensis.      3. Area-type of E. Asia.  (Fig. 3) Burmannia in China with E. Asian distribu- tion is poor in species.  There are only 2 saprophytic species. B. cryptopetala is distri-buted in Haina (China), Kyushu and Honshu (Japan); B. itoana occurs in Taiwan (China), Riukiu and Kyushu (Japan).  They are known only on the islands of E. Asia. Such a pattern of distribution may suggest connection of these islands once in the prehistoric time in spite of their present isolation.      4.  Endemic area-type. (Fig. 4).  Here are 3 saprophytic species and one variety with green leaves.  B. nana occurs only in E. Taiwan.  One of the two new species described by present author in this paper, B. fadouensis, is known from Xichou Xiao, S. E. Yunnan, to Longzhou Xian of the province Gaunxi; the other one, B. pingbien- ensis occurs only in Pinbien Xian of S. E. Yunnan. The last species is endemic to China. B. pusilla var. hongkongensis is non-saprophytic and known from the province Guang- dong and its bordering islands.  Both B. fadouensis and B. pingbienensis are characte- rized by the axillary bulbils, which enable them to adapt to rather arid and cold condi-tions in northern part of the tropical region.  相似文献   

15.
 橐吾属Ligularia Cass.是菊科千里光族款冬亚族的一个大属。在款冬亚族中本属与大吾风草属 Farfugium Lindl.亲缘关系最近,但进化程度较高。本属包括6组,11系129种。所有种类均分布在 亚洲,仅2种扩散至欧洲。在东亚地区有119种,占该属总种数的96%。高度集中在横断山区的有4组、 6系67种,其中61种为特有种,占该属总组数的66%,总系数的54.5%,总种数的52%。这个事实 表明了横断山区是该属的多度中心和多样化中心。通过性状分析,伞房组伞房系Sect.Corymbosae, Ser.Calthifoliae叶肾形,具掌状叶脉,头状花序大而少,排列呈伞房状,总苞半球形,被认为是该属的 原始类群。原始种齿叶橐吾L. dentata和鹿蹄橐吾L.hodgsonii的分布区从我国四川东部经过湖北、湖 南、安徽、福建等省至日本。这个分布格局与近缘属大吴风草属Farfugium一致。     根据共同起源原理,这两个属的祖先极有可能就发生在这一地区。因此我们推测东亚地区从中国四 川东部至日本这一地区是本属的发源地,然而根据地质历史和现代分布,作者认为中国中部(包括四川 东部)是本属的初始起源地。该属起源后,基本上沿亚洲南缘的山地扩散,少数种类向东北至亚洲东北部。本属起源时间至少不晚于中白垩纪。  相似文献   

16.
马兜铃科的地理分布及其系统   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
马兜铃科基本是一个热带科。  东亚的横断山至华南一带是其原始分布与分化中心,热带美洲是其次生分布与分化中心。科的形态演化趋势是花被由分化的双被到不分化的单被,由分离到合生,由杯状到管状;雄蕊由多数到少数,由分离到与雌蕊结合成为合蕊柱;于房由半下位到完全下位;果实由蓇葖状蒴果到蒴果。马兜铃科分2亚科4族6属。  相似文献   

17.
This paper deals with some species of Lunathyrium Koidz. in N. E. Asia; including the eastern mountainous district of N. E. China;  Far East Region of U. S. S. R.; Korea and Japan.  相似文献   

18.
As construed here the genus. Woodwardia Sm. does not include Anchistea Presl and Lorinseria Presl of the east North America which  are considered  as  distinct genera nor Woodwardia harlandii Hook. and W. kempii Cop. of south china, which constitute a new genus Chieniopteris Ching (cf. Acta Phytotax. Sinica 9:37. 1964).      It has been proposed that genus Woodwardia Sm. is an old one, dating back perhaps from the early Tertiary in the Arctics, thence it spread to Europe, North America, and southward to East Asia with its present center of distribution in China, especially south of the Yangtze River.       The genus is now represented by 17 species in the Northern Hemisphere, of which ll are known in China and her neighbouring countries, with one species, W. unigem- mata (Makino) Nakai, ranging as far as the Himalayas, where from the previous re- cord of W. radieans Linn. Sm. of Europe proves to be a mistake for this species.       The genus is divided into two natural series: Radicantes Ching & Chiu and Egem- miferae Ching & Chiu, and the latter is further subdivied into 2 subseries: Orientales Ching & Chiu and Japonicae Ching & Chiu.       A key to the Chinese species has been provided.       In passing it may be pointed out that Woodwardia cochin-chinensis Ching (Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 2: 7. 1931) is based upon Poilane nos. 2107 and 2275 without designating the type. According to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature we herewith designate Poilanes no. 2275 the type of this species.    相似文献   

19.
本文对肋柱花属的属下分类、系统发育和地理分布等方面进行了深入研究。文用分支系统学的方法和原理,用计算机PAUP程序处理,获得了几个最简约的支序图。  肋柱花属属于龙胆亚族辐状花冠群,在这群中,论亲缘关系它与辐花属最近,与獐牙菜属次之,而与黄秦艽属关系较远。  獐牙菜属在进化程度上较肋柱花属低,因此它被选为肋柱花属的外类群。 经过支序分析,肋柱花属的18个种根据Hennig的“共近裔性原则”可组合为三个组,其中肉质根茎组为较原始的组,肋柱花组为中级进化水平的组,合萼组是进化程度最高的组。 肋柱花属是北温带分布型的属,分布于亚洲、欧洲及北美洲,直达北极。从种的地理分布型分析,表明秦岭一横断山区是本属的起源与分化中心。 随文报道了一个新组、一个新种和一个新变种。  研究了全部种类的命名模式。  相似文献   

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