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1.
《International library review》1991,23(3):237-253
A questionnaire survey of researchers engaged in seven scientific disciplines was conducted to identify preferred information channels and to determine interdiscipline variations in communication behaviour of Croatian scientists. The article also addresses the problem of the foreign language barrier and the visibility of Croatian science at an international level.The findings indicate that journal articles with their accompanying lists of references are the most important source of information in all the disciplines surveyed, while on-line searching was ranged rather low.Differences between pure, applied and social disciplines were identified in the domain of informal communication and in the publishing of the research results. Contacts with colleagues outside one's organization appeared to be an important element in information retrieval, while informal dissemination of information is mostly performed internally. Except for physicists, participation in international scientific communication is rather unsatisfactory. 相似文献
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Dario Sambunjak 《Learned Publishing》2006,19(4):267-271
To increase its visibility among the general public and the international scientific community, the Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ), a small journal from the so‐called scientific periphery, introduced a media strategy of sending press releases to journalists and email notices to the newsdesk of a high‐profile international scientific journal. Subsequent news coverage and the positive response of journalists show that press releases and targeted email notices increased international visibility of articles published in a small scientific journal, and improved communication with journalists as mediators of scientific information to the general public. 相似文献
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Dario SAMBUNJAK Mirjana HUIĆ Darko HREN Milica KATIĆ Ana MARUŠIĆ Matko MARUŠIĆ 《Learned Publishing》2009,22(1):57-70
Scholarly journals, especially in non‐English‐speaking countries, may perform very different functions depending on whether they are published for national or international audiences. Four hundred and sixty‐six academic physicians and non‐academic general practitioners in Croatia were surveyed on their knowledge about two Croatian medical journals: Lije?ni?ki vjesnik (published in Croatian) and Croatian Medical Journal (published in English). The physicians were also surveyed about the importance of all national and international journals published in Croatia, and the types of articles they thought should be published in these journals. More respondents rated national (n = 329, 72.6%) than international journals (n = 275, 63.5%, P < 0.001, Wilcoxon test) as very important for the medical profession. On the other hand, publishing in international journals was more often rated as important than publishing in national journals (n = 184, 42.5% vs. n = 125, 27.8%; P < 0.001, Wilcoxon test). Guidelines for clinical practice were rated as the most important publication item in national journals, and original scientific articles in international journals. 相似文献
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Language distribution in scientific communication reflects the influence of different languages on science in global perspective. The study, based on over 450 thousand scientific tweets of all publications indexed by Scopus in June 2015, reveals the language distribution in informal scientific communication. Moreover, this result is compared with the language distribution in formal scientific communication reflected in scientific publications. Results show: (1) The language of scientific tweets is concentrated in English (91%), Japanese (2.4%) and Spanish (1.7%), while the language of scientific publications is concentrated in English (90.6%), Chinese (5%) and German (1.1%). (2) Both scientific tweets and scientific publications present disciplinary differences in language distribution, reflecting the different amount of attention that authors of different languages have on certain disciplines. (3) Except Saudi Arabia, investigated countries all over the world, regardless of whether their native language is English or not, all have English scientific tweets in the dominant position. For the vast majority of these countries, the native language scientific tweets only rank the second position. (4) Overall, 26% of tweeters use more than one language to tweet scientific products, while 49% of scientific tweeters tweet everything in English only. The results indicate that English has undoubtedly become the lingua franca in informal scientific communication. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT This experiment (N= 476) investigates how individuals evaluate political candidates who use informal communication on social media. We use expectancy violations theory (EVT) to predict that informal communication will lead to negative evaluations. Our results suggest that politicians’ use of informal communication on social media leads to expectancy violation, which decreases perceived credibility and lessens intention to support a candidate. This effect was not moderated by sex (male versus female) or age (young versus old) of the candidate, nor of participants being the same sex as the candidate. These findings suggest that political figures should use informal communication on social media with caution. 相似文献
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The language barrier is a factor in the low visibility and significance of scientific journals produced by small and scientifically peripheral countries. In order to reach an international audience, both as consumers and producers of scientific information, many journals abandon their national language and start publishing in English. Six Croatian biomedical journals that went through this transition were examined on their editing and publishing characteristics and their international visibility before and after the language shift. The analysis showed that this change influenced the journals' characteristics in general. Two journals enhanced their international visibility, but only one journal showed improvement in all analysed indicators. 相似文献
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《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(1-2):21-43
Summary The level of activity among libraries and publishers in Scandinavia with regard to electronic journals is relatively low. However, the interest in and discussions of this subject are widespread and it is on almost everybody's agenda. Some electronic journals are considered, including the Nordic Journal of Philosophical Logicand several pilot projects are also presented and discussed. There are considerably more initiatives in the international arena, and one important conclusion is that the development of electronic versions of scientific journals makes the world “smaller,” that is, it is less difficult for the regional publisher to reach the international community of scientists. Many of the challenges that publishers face in the world of e-journals are considered, including copyright, fair use, one-stop-shopping, access control, printing, pricing and licensing. The traditional system of scholarly communication has emerged over a period of hundreds of years and is now well-established regionally as well as internationally. This article attempts to identify whether there are specific characteristics with regard to new ways of disseminating scientific results in the Scandinavian region, and looks into practical experiences from the development of electronic journals. 相似文献
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《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(3-4):83-95
Summary I describe a set of automated archives for electronic communication of research information that have been operational in many fields of physics, and some related and unrelated disciplines, starting from 1991. These archives now serve over 35,000 users worldwide from over 70 countries, and process more than 70,000 electronic transactions per day. In some fields of physics, they have already supplanted traditional research journals as conveyers of both topical and archival research information. Many of the lessons learned from these systems should carry over to other fields of scholarly publication, i.e., those wherein authors are writing not for direct financial remuneration in the form of royalties, but rather primarily to communicate information (for the advancement of knowledge, with attendant benefits to their careers and professional reputations). These archives have in addition proven equally indispensable to researchers in less-developed countries. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(49-50):95-104
Decades of research on the information-seeking behavior of scientists have shown heavy reliance on informal communication and personal collections. Entry into the literature is often gained through references in journal articles and other primary literature. This paper discusses these behaviors and some reasons for their use. Improvements in reference services to the scientific user community must be based on an understanding of scientific communication, information-seeking behavior, and the information needs of the user. Examples of user-oriented reference service are given. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The importance of science and technology information in technological advancement and research and development is obvious. It contributes directly to economic development of a country. The paper highlights major problems facing Ghanaian academic and research libraries in their attempt to provide science and technology information. These include poor collections, inadequate funding, a lack of hard currency for ordering needed documents, a lack of trained manpower, poor communication networks, lack of cooperation among existing libraries and no firm government policies to support initiatives. The paper describes international initiatives and efforts including the IFLA/DANIDA Interlending and Document Delivery Project aimed at establishing global electronic links in order to improve availability of publications and information, which will lead to information transfer and ultimately to development. A training programme organized for six Ghanaian librarians in the United Kingdom and Denmark is described. It is concluded that access to online databases in the developed countries is essential since it provides the most up-to-date information. It is recommended that communications infrastructure be installed so that Ghanaian libraries can access scientific and technology information held in the developed countries. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 大陆地区多家高校自2002年起陆续开展的自主学科国际评估工作旨在通过国际视角对本校的学科目标定位、人才培养体系、科学研究实力、国际影响力等进行全方位的综合审视。图书馆作为高校信息服务的重要阵地，在评估学科发展态势方面发挥着积极作用。对图书馆作为第三方在该领域开展工作的方法和实践进行总结有着重要的借鉴意义。[方法/过程] 在充分了解学科国际评估特点的基础上，构建以用户需求为导向、以文献计量方法为手段的独立第三方学科评价分析报告体系，以有效支撑高校自主开展国际评估。以北京大学药学国际评估第三方评价分析报告为例，详细介绍对标机构筛选、基础数据获得、评价指标布局等重点工作，为学科国际评估工作提供精准的参考支持。[结果/结论] 北京大学图书馆为国际评估撰写的第三方评价分析报告，客观分析了参评机构、参评学科的科研布局、发展趋势与影响力，并与国际对标高校进行对比，显示参评高校在国际同行间的竞争力。今后，图书馆应充分发挥信息服务优势，拓展服务对象，以第三方视角提供客观、合理、科学的分析报告以辅助各类评价工作。 相似文献
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Valentina Markusova Belver C. Griffith William D. Garvey 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1996,12(1):51-63
Surveys of scientists' communication behaviours were carried out in a variety of institutions engaged in life science research within the former Soviet Union (FSU). The surveys followed the methodology developed by Garvey and Griffith and used in a variety of studies of information flows in various disciplines within the United States.1 The outcome was a contemporary overview of communication practices which showed, as expected, the devastating effects of the current economic plight of the FSU. It also reveals contrasts between the academy-institute structure of the FSU and more entrepreneurial independent university structure of the West. An extremely important result was the discovery of the extent and ingenuity of cooperative relationships with western scientists to sustain continuing scientific work in the FSU. These were initiated under perestroyka and are now proving essential. The present findings are being used, as a practical matter, to guide and information VINITI policy in furnishing information services to the FSU. 相似文献
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《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(2):95-102
Abstract In 1989, the University of Connecticut Library created the Academic Liaison Program to promote communication between the Library and the faculty by designating a librarian as a personal point of contact for each academic program. In consultation with faculty, the liaison librarian is responsible for understanding the department's needs or collections, information services, and instruction. By 1997, the success of the Academic Liaison Program, coupled with electronic services and a resulting need for greater communication with users, resulted in further expansion of outreach efforts. At the recommendation of the Liaison Advisory Team, the concept of staff partnerships within the program was developed. We will discuss our experiences in an informal dialogue further along in the article. 相似文献
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《Communication Teacher》2013,27(4):281-285
Play provides an opportunity for students to learn information and concepts in an active format while facilitating different ways of learning. This puzzle activity is designed to increase student engagement, leverage different learning styles, help students make connections in communication theories, and enhance memory of important communication concepts. As an active learning exercise, play requires students to coordinate behaviors and participate in the learning process differently than through traditional lecture formats. Considering the information on active learning strategies, this activity involves using puzzle pieces labeled with theory components to help students learn each theory term and better understand how the terms work together to form the theory.Courses: This single-class activity is appropriate for courses across the communication curriculum and is particularly well suited for classes with multi-part concepts and/or theories, including communication theory, organizational communication, interpersonal communication, persuasion, conflict communication, and the public-speaking/basic course, among others.Objective: As a result of participating in this single-class activity, students will demonstrate understanding of key theoretical terms/concepts and how those concepts work together to inform communication theory. Further, students will work together in teams to bring in outside examples of the theory in action and practice explaining the concepts to their classmates to enhance learning and long-term memory of class concepts. 相似文献
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Kingsley Ferewisky Okocha 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(4):301-316
AbstractThe objective of the study presented here was to determine the socio-cultural factors that enhanced the use and transfer of scientific information among agricultural scientists in south eastern Nigeria. The implications of some of these factors for agricultural development are highlighted.Structured questionnaires were distributed to a stratified random sample of 300 scientists. Two hundred and ten (210) questionnaires were mailed while 90 were self-administered. Two hundred and forty-five (81·6%) usable responses were received and analysed. Data were also generated from interviews with selected members of the stratified random sample. Analyses focused on social and cultural factors of (1) motivation, (2) computer appreciation, (3) choice of media for research communication, (4) recipients of research communications, and (5) scientists' activities considered for assessment and reward. Frequency counts were the presentation techniques used to elucidate results.Results showed that scientists were motivated more in the use and transfer of scientific information by social factors of self-development (53·3%) and job security (12·9%) than by social factors of scientific problem solution (19·6%) and intellectual contribution (12·6%).Cultural factors of development in information technology (36·8%), adequate and relevant information resources (12·6%) and previous information attitudes (24·5%) also influenced scientists. Although five types of recipient groups of research communications were identified, the study noted that there was a disproportionately inadequate diffusion of research communications to two important groups of “national planners” and “external aid bodies”, who plan and finance agricultural development. Only 5% of scientists sent research communications to national planners and only 3·7% of scientists sent research communications to external aid bodies.Strategies for assessing other quantifiable elements of productivity by scientists outside journal publications and for diffusing adequate scientific information to national planners and external aid bodies are deemed necessary. 相似文献
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Samir N. Hamade 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3):139-150
AbstractThis paper attempts to shed some light on the scientific communication behavior of Arab authors in library and information science by studying the characteristics of the literature used by these authors. A bibliometric study by way of citation analysis was conducted on the articles published from 1978 to 1988 in Maktabat Al-Idarah, an elite Arab scholarly journal in the field. It was concluded from this study that English literature is the main source of information for Arab authors in library and information science. They rely on English literature that is between 5 and 15 years of age more than on their own literature and use books more than any other form of publication. They cover almost all areas of the field with special emphasis on technical services as represented by cataloging, classification and aquisition, library administration and library education. Local materials published in their own country were also important. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2013,9(1):29-58
ABSTRACT For many decades, the Department of Energy (DOE) has been an international leader in basic scientific and engineering research that utilizes geospatial science to advance the state of knowledge in disciplines impacting national security, energy sustainability, environmental stewardship, and associated basic research. However, the realized benefits from cross-cutting geospatial science contributions have fallen short of what they could have been with greater collaboration across the DOE complex, stronger emphasis on core geographic information science (GIScience) research and development to support advanced applications, increased strategic institutional support (e.g., for management of legacy data), and additional education and outreach concerning how geospatial science can benefit DOE programs and operations. We propose a vision for DOE's geospatial science based on expanded collaboration to address major national problems, additional advanced GIScience research and development, and a long-term strategy to better manage DOE's geospatial science resources (personnel, facilities, shared data, etc.). 相似文献
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传统科技期刊通常为科学交流的正式过程服务。在数字时代,基于Web 2.0的非正式科学交流对科技创新和凝聚科研人员发挥着越来越重要的作用;因此,科技期刊应当积极构建基于Web 2.0的非正式科学交流平台,以此推动科技创新和增强对科研用户的黏性,提升其学术影响力和竞争力。国外一些先进出版单位在这方面给了我们有益的启示。 相似文献