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1.
以嵌入在产学研合作网络的学研机构科研团队为研究对象,通过理论推演和实证分析等方法来对产学研合作网络是否有利于学研机构科研团队提升学术绩效这个议题展开研究。研究发现,学研机构科研团队在产学研合作网络中的位置中心度以及网络规模对其学术绩效均具有倒"U"型影响,而且这种倒"U"型影响受到学研机构科研团队与企业之间知识距离的负面调节。研究结论对学研机构在建设"双一流"国家战略背景下如何合理妥善处理与产业界所建立的合作网络关系来提升自身学术绩效提供参考。 相似文献
2.
本文以中国高铁领域的产学研合作为研究案例,试图探究学研机构与企业在参与产学研合作过程中双方创新能力的演变过程,以揭示后发国家在技术追赶过程中创新主体创新能力的演进机理。本文发现学研机构与企业在巴斯德象限（以应用为导向的基础研究）领域加强产学研合作可以实现双方共赢。其中,产学研合作推动了企业技术能力的不断演变（技术消化吸收→技术改进优化→技术原始创新）,同时也推动了学研机构学术能力的不断发展（前沿技术科学原理的追踪研究→突破性研究→引领性研究）。本文研究对后发国家推动产业转型升级,尤其高端装备制造业不断发展具有一定的实践启示意义。 相似文献
3.
《科学学与科学技术管理》2018,(10)
以参与产学研合作的学研机构科研团队为对象,通过理论推演与实证分析等方法来对学研机构科研团队参与产学研合作是否有利于提升学术绩效这个议题展开研究,发现学研机构科研团队与企业之间的联结强度对学术绩效具有倒U型影响,这意味着学研机构科研团队忽视产学研合作或者过度热衷于产学研合作均不利于学术绩效的提升。此外,联结强度对学术绩效的倒U型影响受到学研机构科研团队与企业之间知识距离的负面调节,这表明双方知识(技术)能力结构匹配性有助于提升产学研合作对学术绩效的正面影响和缓和产学研合作对学术绩效的负面影响。 相似文献
4.
以西方海洋强国推动海洋生物医药产业发展所采取的产学研合作联盟为研究样本,试图从海洋科技创新价值链视角来理清产学研合作在海洋战略性新兴产业科技创新过程中的影响机制,同时通过调研比较分析,发现我国涉海类企业与学研机构在创新价值链上合作互动出现了"脱节"问题,尚未形成"创新链前端的基础研究促进后端的产业技术开发和生产经营,创新链后端进一步反哺前端"的良好态势。基于此,从海洋科技创新3个环节(知识产生、开发与商业化)来梳理我国海洋战略性新兴产业的产学研合作创新所存在的问题,并提出相应建议与对策。 相似文献
5.
《科学学与科学技术管理》2017,(3)
产学研合作是企业搜索外部知识资源和提高知识创新能力的重要途径,有关企业搜索学研机构知识的策略及其影响因素值得深入探讨。首先区分并探讨了企业在参与产学研合作过程中开展的2类外部知识搜索策略(利用式搜索策略和探索式搜索策略)对创新绩效的作用,并进一步讨论了2类知识搜索策略的影响因素。其次,通过对我国企业的问卷调查并借助结构方程建模(SEM)的方法对所提出的理论假设进行了实证检验,实验结果明晰了组织间因素影响企业知识搜索策略以及创新绩效的机制。 相似文献
6.
合作创新对象的选择是产学研合作成功的关键,而合作对象的确定则是不同企业与科研院所之间博弈的结果.通过建立不对称信息博奔模型,考察合作对象筛选的内在机理.分析结果表明,如果学研方和企业拥有关于学研方真实创新能力的不对称信息,适当提高要素投入价格,降低学研方在未来收益分配中所占的份额将减少学研方在事前进行伪装的激励,有利于产学研合作对象间的匹配. 相似文献
7.
基于产学研合作与企业技术能力结构之间的三大视角,从短期互动和长期演化两个角度来对产学研合作与企业技术能力结构之间的活动机理进行分析。并以嘉宝莉化工集团为例,进行相关验证,结果发现互补型产学研合作能够有效提升企业技术能力广度,辅助型产学研合作能够有效提升企业技术能力深度。同时随着企业自主创新能力的提高:企业产学研合作的层次呈现出从"专有技术——应用共性技术——基础技术"的转换,企业对于产学研合作的依赖不断弱化,整个互动过程中外部资源引进类型呈现出"辅助型——互补和辅助型——互补型"的动态变化规律。 相似文献
8.
《内蒙古科技与经济》2015,(18)
通过建立产学研不完全信息动态博弈模型得出:企业的未来收益取决于学研方的研发创新能力。在合作对象选择的博弈过程中,企业可通过以往科研信息甄别学研方的能力,而学研方可以向企业发出风险承担的信号证明自己的能力。 相似文献
9.
集群区域技术创新活动绩效与官、产、学三方互动配合的契合程度高度相关.本研究以三螺旋模型理论及吸收能力理论为基础,探讨中低技术集群中学研机构的作用,分析了企业产学研合作行为的影响因素.以90家梧州人工宝石产业集群企业为样本进行实证研究后得出结论:中低技术集群中产学研合作是一个包含了复杂联系机制的系统:并非所有的集群企业都可以有效地获取和利用学研机构的知识资源,其根源在于企业吸收能力制约着企业产学研合作的选择行为及创新效率.综合研究成果,探讨了中低技术集群企业深化产学研合作的努力方向及对政府集群政策的借鉴意义. 相似文献
10.
在技术位势的测度基础上,区分低位势企业-高位势学研机构、高位势企业-低位势学研机构两种类别,构建混合回归模型及个体效应模型,运用我国制药企业1995-2012年的产学研联合发明专利数据,对不同类别组合和同一类组合内不同影响时期技术势差对企业技术能力的影响效应进行了比较研究。结果表明,产学研合作中企业技术能力成长的短期效果显著优于长期效果,而合作主体双方技术势差对企业技术能力成长存在长短期上的异质性,并受到双方相对技术位势关系的调节。在低位势企业-高位势学研机构合作中,技术势差有利于促进企业技术能力的成长,其中短期效应达到显著;在高位势企业-低位势学研机构合作中,逆向技术势差的存在会显著抑制企业技术能力的长期成长。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
15.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
16.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
17.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
18.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
19.
Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
20.
WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献