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一、基本技术总的规范要求1、基本功篮球基本功的概念是:手、脚、腰胯、视野。具体表现为,手对球的感应、控制能力,脚步转移身体重心、变速变向的能力,腰胯控制身体重心和平衡的能力,视野基本功则是指用眼角余光扩大视野的能力。我们从一百多种篮球技术动作的结构中分析,几乎所有的技术动作都是由脚步动作和手上技巧这两个关键的部分紧密结合组成的,但在这二者之间,脚步动作尤其重要。2、基本技术篮球基本技术有许多种,如投篮技术、突破技术、运球技术、接、传球技术、篮板球技术等等。但根据篮球动作在比赛中的作用和结 相似文献
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从少儿篮球技术训练的内容、方法和手段，技术训练与身体、意识和战术等训练的结合，以及增强技术训练的趣味性等方面，进行分析探讨。 相似文献
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对体育院校运动员训练的现状与特点进行分析，就如何在田径训练中以专项技术、速度和力量素质为核心的训练等问题进行探讨。提出把身体训练、技术训练一体化，力求用少而精、讲究质量的训练方法和手段来较快提高运动员的成绩。 相似文献
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对照国内外优秀短跑运动员的运动水平,可以明显看到我国短跑运动的运动成绩较之国外存在较大的差距。造成这一事实的因素是多方面的(包括基因、环境、营养、训练),基因问题是先天的,后天能解决且非常有效的就是训练问题。而目前我国短跑运动员普遍存在成绩不高,且保持运动水平能力不强即运 相似文献
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随着体育科学的发展,新的研究领域不断扩大,心理训练作为一种新的手段进入到运动训练之中,与身体训练、技术训练、战术训练一起构成了运动训练的完整体系。以下从三个方面谈谈自己对心理训练的认识。一、心理训练的概念运动员的心理训练就是有意识有目的地培养运动员在紧张的训练和比赛中完善地、可靠地完成活动时所需要的心理素质。心理训练的具体作用:(一)有助于改善运动员的心理过程和心理机能,以保证训练和比赛的顺利进行。(1)具有精确的运动知觉和专门化知觉,具有准确的时间感、节奏感、速度感、距离感,以及精确的空间定向能力,这对柔… 相似文献
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足球的早期专项训练问题，早已是国内外专家普遍重视的课题，它关系到青少年球员成年后运动技术水平所能达到的高度。青少年在生理、心理、解剖以及发展层次等方面，在不同的年龄段都有各自的特点，因此训练的指导思想、所采取的手段、所安排的内容都要有相应的针对性。 相似文献
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训练是出成绩的基础，没有科学有效的训练，就不会有优异的运动成绩。“从难、从严、从实战出发，进行科学的大运动量训练”的原则，是经过几代人实践总结出的制胜法宝，我们在当前积极备战雅典奥运会时特别要紧紧抓住，坚决不能丢。 相似文献
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中外竞技游泳训练比较 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对目前我国游泳技术训练、力量训练、训练平衡、训练监控和训练分期5个方面存在的问题进行调查研究，结果表明：技术训练和水上力量训练是我国游泳训练的薄弱环节，这一情况实质上反映了我们认识落后；我国对训练平衡问题重视不够，导致训练结构欠合理，影响训练的整体效果；我国游泳训练监控系统比较薄弱，应着重改革训练体制和机制，提高训练监控的科学化程度；能量模式和机能模式是游泳训练小周期划分的两种主要模式，应从提高运动员体能水平，遵循运动员身体机能变化规律，科学地选择和运用两种模式，提高训练效果。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献