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领导风格对企业的创新具有重要的影响。文章从领导风格、组织学习与企业技术创新绩效的关系入手,提出了交易型领导风格、变革型领导风格经由组织学习进而影响企业技术创新绩效的概念模型和研究假设。通过对浙江、江苏、上海三地200份调查问卷的实证分析,发现交易型领导风格中的权变奖励、主动例外管理对创新绩效具有积极的影响,变革型领导风格中的智力激发、鼓舞性激励对创新绩效有积极的影响,组织学习在两种领导风格与创新绩效之间都起到了完全中介作用。最后提出了两种领导风格的交互对创新的重要性和未来的研究展望。 相似文献
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新企业如何突破资源约束进而获得持续成长？作为国际创业中一个新兴的发展领域,创业拼凑理论从一个全新的视角对这个问题进行了深刻解读。本文在中国转型经济背景下,基于资源基础理论和创业拼凑理论,将个人层面的魅力型领导、企业层面的战略柔性、网络层面的关系学习纳入研究视野,构建了创业拼凑的多层次诱发机制及其影响效应的理论模型,并基于5家新企业案例分析对理论模型提供了现实性支撑。研究发现,魅力型领导、战略柔性、关系学习都对创业拼凑具有显著正向影响;创业拼凑对企业绩效具有显著正向影响;不确定环境下魅力型领导、战略柔性、关系学习会进一步诱发新企业采取创业拼凑战略;知识基础在创业拼凑和绩效之间发挥正向调节效应。这些发现对我国转型期间新企业的健康成长具有理论和现实意义。 相似文献
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已有文献主要聚焦于变革型领导行为与个体、团队层面的关系研究,而对企业层面关注甚少,国内对于中小企业领导者变革型领导行为通过何种中介对企业绩效产生影响的研究几乎是空白。为进一步揭开变革型领导行为对企业绩效影响机制的“黑箱”,在企业层面上探讨了企业领导者的变革型领导行为对企业绩效的影响,首次提出了以组织学习与组织创新为中介机制的理论模型,并通过问卷调查对我国中小企业218位管理人员进行了实证检验。研究结果显示：领导者变革型领导行为与企业绩效存在正相关关系,组织学习与组织创新在两者之间的关系中起完全中介作用。 相似文献
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整合海归创业企业国内创业网络与组织合法性视角,构建了海归创业企业国内创业网络强度与国内创业网络质量对创业绩效的影响,以及组织合法性的中介效应理论模型。利用北京市科技园区等机构176家海归创业企业的问卷调查数据,采用回归分析方法对研究假设进行了验证。研究结果表明,嵌入国内创业网络强度和质量对海归创业企业的组织合法性和绩效都具有显著的正向影响;组织合法性在国内创业网络强度与海归创业企业绩效的关系中发挥部分中介作用;组织合法性在国内创业网络质量与海归创业企业绩效的关系中发挥完全中介作用。研究结果对于海归创业企业通过嵌入国内创业网络获取组织合法性并提升绩效具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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组织间关系的作用机制:基于合法性与交易费用的研究视角 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
组织间关系能够显著影响企业绩效已经被大量研究所证实,但其内在作用机制仍有待深入考察和完善。新制度主义理论为组织间关系的作用机制研究提供了坚实的理论基础。合法性和交易费用适合作为组织间关系与企业绩效之间的中介变量,由此构成组织间关系的作用机制模型。实证研究表明:政企间关系能够通过增强合法性和降低交易费用两条路径来提高企业绩效;企业间关系对企业绩效的影响主要依赖于交易费用的传递,而通过增强合法性来提高企业绩效的作用效果并不显著。此外,政企间关系能够完全通过合法性来影响企业间关系的形成和发展。 相似文献
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《科学学研究》2017,(7)
商业模式创新正逐渐成为互联网时代新创企业成长战略实施的重要载体。商业模式创新作为市场导向型创新可能给企业带来先动优势,而制度理论指出创新性高的新创企业可能面临合法性障碍。商业模式创新如何在制度情境下实现新创企业成长?围绕这个问题,以512家中国新创企业为样本,结合合法性视角与商业模式理论,探讨商业模式创新对于新创企业绩效的影响机制,并分析政策导向的调节作用和合法性的中介作用,结果表明:商业模式创新能够显著促进合法性以及新企业绩效的提升;组织合法性在商业模式创新和新企业绩效之间起到部分中介作用;政策导向权变影响商业模式创新与合法性的关系;商业模式创新与政策导向的交互效应通过合法性间接影响创业绩效。 相似文献
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早期创业者应该如何运用合法性战略建立合法性以争取风险投资,是创业者及研究者所关注的问题。但鲜有研究将创业者、媒体和风险投资者三者结合起来探讨其中的机制。本文通过对217家互联网创业企业的实证研究分析了创业者的合法性战略与媒体合法性之间的关系,以及媒体合法性对获得风险投资的影响。结果表明：媒体声誉越高的创业者越倾向于采用财经媒体增加曝光度;创业者越多地采用财经媒体报道,能够获得更高的媒体关注度;而媒体关注度越高,创业者能够获得更多的风险投资;风险投资者对媒体的信任程度会调节媒体合法性对风险投资的影响。 相似文献
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创业者的隐性知识获取是提高机会能力和提升企业核心竞争力的重要影响因素,机会能力是企业获得生存发展、影响创业绩效的关键所在,但是很少有研究对创业者的隐性知识获取、机会能力和创业绩效之间的作用机制进行具体的研究。本文基于创业者的研究视角,构建了隐性知识获取、机会能力和创业绩效间关系的理论模型。并通过对18位创业者的深度访谈和对382位创业者的问卷调研,对概念模型进行了实证检验。实证分析显示：(１)机会能力在隐性知识获取和创业绩效之间起到部分中介作用;(２)认知型隐性知识获取对机会能力各维度以及成长绩效和创新绩效的影响作用更大,而技能型隐性知识获取对生存绩效的影响作用更大。(3)与机会评估能力与机会利用能力相比,机会识别能力对创业绩效各维度的影响作用更大。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献