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宋代科技档案的发展是中国古代科技档案史上的重要转折点。在新型社会环境与传统科技理念的相互作用下,宋代的科技档案在继承和创新前朝科技档案记录、编纂和管理等各项工作核心思想的基础上,不仅发生了记录内容的扩大和物质载体的更替,并在延续传统种类的基础上完善了中国古代科技档案的基本体系。此后历代的科技档案类型虽有所变化,但基本延续了宋代科技档案的主要类别和分类体系。深入整理和研究负载这些变化的宋代科技档案,对于考察中国古代科技档案发展变化的内在逻辑有着深刻含义。本文通过梳理宋代科技档案的划分方式和主要类别,说明这一时期不同内容的科技档案兴盛的历史原因和社会要求,总结宋代科技档案的体系发展相对于前代科技档案所呈现的不同特质,揭示两宋时期科技发展与国家政治思想环境之间的互动关系。 相似文献
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Archives, records, and power: The making of modern memory 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
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Elizabeth Shepherd 《Archival Science》2009,9(3-4):173-185
Archives have the potential to change people’s lives. They are created to enable the conduct of business and accountability, but they also support a democratic society’s expectations for transparency and the protection of rights, they underpin citizen’s rights and are the raw material of our history and memory. This paper examines these issues in the context of the historical development of archives and archivists in twentieth century England. The research lays the foundations for understanding how and why the modern archives and records management profession developed in England. This paper will investigate the historical conflict (or is it a continuum?) between archives as culture and as evidence. The story identifies and highlights the contributions made by many fascinating individuals who established archives services and professional practice in England in the twentieth century. They shaped the archive in a very real way, and their individual enthusiasms, interests and understandings set the course of the English archival profession. To a great extent, it was these individuals, rather than government or legislation, that set the boundaries of English archives, they decided what was included (acquired) and what was not (of archival value.) The conclusion will consider the more fundamental questions: what are archives and what are they for, or perhaps, ‘what good are the archives’? 相似文献
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Verne Harris 《档案与原稿》2013,41(3):147-157
Harris offers a brief preliminary deconstructive reading of archives–memory nexuses. The reading is positioned in relation to what he sees as a paucity of engagement between archivy and the emerging memory industry. While, at one level, the essay is simply a reading of Jacques Derrida and Paul Ricoeur within archives–memory nexuses, at another, it is an attempt to demonstrate how troubled, and troubling, these nexuses are. Harris ranges from theoretical to anecdotal, conceptual to political, and argues that archives and memory are best understood as genres of the trace. 相似文献
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本文系统总结了美国、英国和法国在科技档案管理体制、管理制度、管理机构、利用服务、数字档案馆建设等方面的经验和特点,结合我国海洋科技档案管理现状,提出未来发展策略：在国家层面建立海洋科技报告制度,改变档案资源收集、归档、共享难度大的现状;高度重视海洋科技档案法规制度建设;大力加强海洋科技信息咨询服务工作;强化海洋科技档案资源的集成管理;积极推进现代信息技术在海洋科技档案工作中的应用。 相似文献
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[目的 /意义]科技档案是科技成果的重要组成部分,研究新时期科技档案资源的特点及其对科技档案工作带来的挑战与问题,对科技档案工作发展具有重要的理论和实践意义.[方法/过程]调研科技档案工作的研究现状,回顾我国和中国科学院科技档案工作的发展历程,梳理新时期科技档案资源的新特点、科技档案工作的新变化,分析当前科技档案工作亟... 相似文献
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Colonial archives and the arts of governance 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ann Laura Stoler 《Archival Science》2002,2(1-2):87-109
Anthropologists engaged in post-colonial studies are increasingly adopting an historical perspective and using archives. Yet
their archival activity tends to remain more an extractive than an ethnographic one. Documents are thus still invoked piecemeal
to confirm the colonial invention of certain practices or to underscore cultural claims, silent. Yet such mining of thecontent of government commissions, reports, and other archival sources rarely pays attention to their peculiar placement andform. Scholars need to move from archive-assource to archive-as-subject. This article, using document production in the Dutch
East Indies as an illustration, argues that scholars should view archives not as sites of knowledge retrieval, but of knowledge
production, as monuments of states as well as sites of state ethnography. This requires a sustained engagement with archives
as cultural agents of “fact” production, of taxonomies in the making, and of state authority. What constitutes the archive,
what form it takes, and what systems of classification and epistemology signal at specific times are (and reflect) critical
features of colonial politics and state power. The archive was the supreme technology of the late nineteenth-century imperial
state, a repository of codified beliefs that clustered (and bore witness to) connections between secrecy, the law, and power. 相似文献
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宋代的科技档案具有两种不同的面貌,从科技档案的外在发展角度看,宋代的科技档案伴随着科学技术的发展在两宋时期达到了一个显而易见的巅峰状态,这一时期的科技档案不但类型多样、连续性强、内容丰富,而且在两宋宽松的政治文化环境中受到更加规范化、标准化的整理和保存。但与此同时,宋代科技档案的实质内涵并没有摆脱中国古代科学技术体系的窠臼,宋代对于科技的社会评估和科技档案的内容选择依旧从属于传统文化价值观念的实用标准之下。本文通过归纳和总结科技档案在宋代发展变化的本质特征,力图寻求这些特质背后所反映的特定社会秩序和传统文化理念与科学技术和科技档案发展的内在逻辑,试图揭示出中国古代的科技发展为何在十一、十二世纪到达顶峰之后一度陷入停滞状态的原因。 相似文献
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Clare Horrocks 《Media History》2014,20(1):21-33
In a climate of fear about funding for libraries and the arts, the preservation of many periodicals and newspapers is under threat. Digitisation is therefore justifiable as a conservation directive however what of those volumes that are not chosen? Are we creating an alternative version of Victorian culture through so selective a gaze? Indeed, who is choosing these titles? There is a question of access, both of what material is available to digitise and also what it is perceived ‘the audience’ want. However, a further question is raised—who are ‘the audience’? What are these archives going to be used for? This article will examine the different forms of nineteenth-century periodical and newspaper archives that are available, how they are organised and who their perceived audience is, before going on to consider the pedagogical utility of such sites. How can we enhance students' understanding of nineteenth-century culture by using these archives in our lecture theatres? And if we do, what are the implications for research in the future? 相似文献
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在数字图像档案开发中,不同来源的数字图像使用不同的技术框架、应用程序进行展示,导致用户在档案信息的获取和利用上存在障碍。国际图像互操作框架（IIIF）定义了一组资源传输接口,可促进多源异构图像资源的开发与共享。因此,文章采用网络调研、案例分析、流程设计等方法研究国际图像互操作框架在数字图像档案中的应用。首先,采用网络调研总结IIIF的技术框架。其次,对IIIF应用进行案例分析,在此基础上,提出IIIF在数字图像档案中的应用优势。最后,参考国内外的应用示例,设计IIIF在数字图像档案中的应用流程,并举例说明如何在档案数据平台中实现IIIF核心功能,以丰富数字图像档案的开放获取方式。 相似文献
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科技档案管理在高校教学科研工作中具有重要作用。如何通过发挥科技档案的信息传播作用来充分利用其价值 ,至少应做到 :更新传统管理观念 ,实现管理网络化 ,处理好管理中计算机网络化与档案原件保存的关系 ,等等。参考文献 3。 相似文献
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甲骨材料制作技术、冶金术、丝织技术、造纸术、印刷术、中药学等中国古代科学技术的重大成就对档案事业产生了巨大的推动作用,但重实用轻理论、重政轻技等消极的科技思想也给档案事业发展带来了迟滞和阻碍作用。历史的经验表明,科学技术是档案事业赖以生存和发展的主要动力。 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2004,21(2):143-155
Public records and archives constitute a valuable part of sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) cultural heritage. However, technological advances threaten long-term access to public records and archives. The computer (and its associated technologies) is the major driving force behind the technological changes affecting access to information. The use of information technologies has led to the proliferation of digital information. There are significant challenges associated with ensuring access to digital materials into the future as compared with traditionally paper-based information. A recent survey of selected countries from SSA revealed that long-term access to records and archives is going to be hampered by lack of resources and plans for ensuring access to information resulting from the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The development of strategies for managing digital documents over time is key to accessing the cultural heritage of SSA by the present and future generations. 相似文献
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随着科技创新国际化的日益发展,科研类境外机构数量不断增长、管理模式不断创新,科研类境外机构档案管理面临着所在国家法律限制、档案管理责任主体多、档案归属和流向复杂等诸多新的问题和挑战。本文以中科院境外机构档案管理为例,深入结合科研类境外机构管理的特点和档案资源的特色,提出了科研类境外机构档案管理责任体系与管控要求、档案资源集中统一管理的途径、重要档案资源体系的构建等管理对策,为新时代科研类境外机构档案管理提供了建设性意见。 相似文献
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Zhiying Lian 《档案与原稿》2016,44(2):86-102
This paper discusses the factors influencing the integration of digital archival resources in China. The integration of digital archival resources as discussed in this article refers to the way in which information contained within dispersed digital archives within a country, or a specific area such as a province, city or county, can be successfully integrated, classified and restructured around specific topics and actual needs in order to realise optimal social sharing and utilisation of digital archival resources. There is little Chinese published research regarding what factors influence the integration of digital archival resources. This article, therefore, uses Charmaz’s Constructivist Grounded Theory approach and draws forth the theory that archivists’ cognition on the integration of digital archival resources and the context (which consists of the organisational culture of archives, archives management systems, and the laws and regulations on archives disclosure), influence the integration of digital archival resources, and these factors interact with each other. This theory can also be illustrated by the model: cognition–context–action. This research can provide some recommendations for the promotion and sustainable development of the integration of digital archival resources in China as well as other countries. 相似文献
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Leisa Gibbons 《档案与原稿》2013,41(2):204-229
The Community Heritage Grant Program (CHG) run by the National Library of Australia is an institution in the Australian cultural heritage landscape, providing foundational support to many small organisations who work in community memory-making. In this paper, the author presents the findings of her research into who and what is being funded by the CHG Program, and what the program highlights about community memory-making needs. Drawing from 23 years of public data, this research raises questions about the CHG Program model and its validity and purpose in a changing social and technological environment. Ultimately, the lesson from this study is that more research is required to identify and better understand Australian perspectives of community archives and memory-making. 相似文献
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如何依法确认档案行政执法主体资格?档案行政执法主体有哪些表现形式?这些都是在档案法制实践中经常遇到的问题，文章从档案法学理论和档案法制实践的层面上进行了探讨。 相似文献
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[目的 /意义]我国多所师范类院校开设图情档学科,是全国图情档事业的重要组成部分.与综合类高校图情档学科相比,师范类院校图情档学科建设在专业发展、学科优势、学生认同等方面存在着更多的挑战.因此,研究师范类院校图情档学科建设与发展的举措与路径具有重要意义.[方法/过程]从学科专业认证、专业建设及职业认可度等方面对师范类院... 相似文献