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《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(2):101789
Prior empirical studies of the Open Government Partnership have failed to take into account possible diffusion mechanisms contributing to the expansion in the number of countries joining the partnership since its beginning in 2010. Notwithstanding the increase in the study of open government policies over the past decade across multiple levels of government, the factors influencing the decision to join multilateral initiatives like the Open Government Partnership are still under-researched. Using data from 175 countries and covering a period that goes from the year prior to the establishment of the Open Government Partnership (OGP) until the year when the latest current members have joined the partnership (2010–2018), this article examines the diffusion mechanisms affecting a country's decision to participate in the OGP. Based on binary response logit regression models, this study analyses the effects of key diffusion variables while controlling for the countries' internal determinants of participation. The findings indicate that diffusion of the OGP takes place through regional proximity, common cultural and system of government traits, and membership in international organization. While democratic countries are more likely to join, autocracies also join conditional on other countries in the same group joining. This suggests further research is needed to uncover the way countries with different regime traits design and implement transparency and open government policies under the banner of this multilateral initiative. 相似文献
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国际开放科学研究进展 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
[目的/意义] 开放科学可以使科学研究更具协作性、透明性和高效性,已引起全世界的广泛关注。从国际视角梳理和分析开放科学当前研究主题有利于推动该领域发展,为后续研究提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 运用文献调查与信息可视化相结合的方法,选取Web of Science平台收录的关于开放科学研究的论文,并结合相关政府文件、研究报告、新闻报道等文献,揭示国际开放科学研究的主题分布。[结果/结论] 国际开放科学的研究主题包括：开放获取研究、数据共享研究、成果重用研究、知识创新研究、基础设施建设研究。未来建议从政策体系、基础设施、主体参与3个方面进行系统、深入研究。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 在全球"开放数据"理念日渐流行的背景下,为满足校内科研团队的迫切需求,北京大学图书馆联合校内单位创建并推出北京大学开放研究数据平台。[方法/过程] 调研北京大学学者对数据管理服务平台的需求,提出平台的综合定位,并从合作机制、系统选型、元数据方案、唯一标识符方案、本地化功能开发、应用效果方面介绍平台建设内容和应用效果。[结果/结论] 北京大学开放研究数据平台的构建,将促进研究数据的开放共享和出版,带动数据的广泛重用和规范引用,促进跨学科的协同创新。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 提升公民健康水平是经济社会发展到一定程度后的必然要求，健康数据协同治理体系的构建有助于从信息科学角度达成这一要求，治理体系需要以国家战略为宏观指导，全方位服务于公民健康水平提升的总体目标。[方法/过程] 通过对《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》文本精神的领会，在分析了各治理主体对健康信息治理需求的基础上，提出一种面向"健康中国2030"战略的健康数据协同治理体系，并针对关键环节提出保障措施。[结果/结论] 协调各层级、各部门与各利益主体的健康数据治理体系构建与保障，有助于在推动国家健康战略目标的同时实现健康数据的社会价值，拓展健康信息学的研究范畴。 相似文献
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Social media has opened up unprecedented new possibilities of engaging the public in government work. In response to the Open Government Directive, U.S. federal agencies developed their open government plan and launched numerous social media-based public engagement initiatives. However, we find that many of these initiatives do not deliver the intended outcomes due to various organizational, technological, and financial challenges. We propose an Open Government Maturity Model based on our field studies with U.S. federal healthcare administration agencies. This model is specifically developed to assess and guide open government initiatives which focus on transparent, interactive, participatory, collaborative public engagement that are largely enabled by emerging technologies such as social media. The model consists of five maturity levels: initial conditions (Level 1), data transparency (Level 2), open participation (Level 3), open collaboration (Level 4), and ubiquitous engagement (Level 5). We argue that there is a logical sequence for increasing social media-based public engagement and agencies should focus on achieving one maturity level at a time. The Open Government Maturity Model helps government agencies implement their open government initiatives effectively by building organizational and technological capabilities in an orderly manner. We discuss challenges and best practices for each maturity level and conclude by presenting recommendations. 相似文献
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Margaret K. Dechman 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(4):188-207
This article reports collaborative research study from a small university. Twenty-seven faculty members were interviewed to determine attitudes and behaviors pertaining to using data in the classroom and whether easier access to secondary data allows for integration into a broader range of courses. The results of this study suggest a lack of awareness and skill deficits among faculty. These findings provide insights for librarians interested in working with faculty in supporting and promoting the use of open data online analysis, along with traditional quantitative data services in the social sciences and professional disciplines. Preliminary strategies developed in the year following this research study are also discussed. 相似文献
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长尾数据是一种重要的科研资源,由于缺乏关注度与技术支持,它的利用价值被长期忽视。在简要概括其定义、属性以及重要性等的基础上,从壁垒与对策研究、基础架构研究、用户行为研究、图书馆与图书馆员责任能力研究、有机共享研究5个方面梳理长尾数据共享理论研究现状。此外,基于数据生命周期理论归纳促进长尾数据共享的5种常用管理工具,包括DM PTool、DataUp、EZID、Merritt repository、数据出版平台。最后,总结长尾数据共享所面临的社会和技术障碍以及相应的对策建议并提出未来的研究建议。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTToday's learners operate in digital environments which can be largely navigated with no human intervention. At the same time, libraries spend millions and millions of dollars to provide access to content which our users may never know is available to them. Through the Open SESMO (Search Engine & Social Media Optimization) database project, Montana State University (MSU) Library applied search engine optimization and structured data with the Schema.org vocabulary, linked data models and practices, and social media optimization techniques to all the library's subscribed databases. Our research shows that Open SESMO creates significant return-on-investment with substantial increased traffic to our paid resources by our users as evidenced through analytics and metrics. In the core research of the article, we take a quantitative look at the pre/post results to assess the Open SESMO method and its impact on organic search referrals and use of the collection analyzing data from three distinct fall semesters. Returns include demonstrated library value through database recommendations, connecting researchers to subject librarians, and increased visitation to our library's paid databases with growth in organic search referrals, impressions, and click-through rates. This project offers a standard and innovative practice for other libraries to employ in surfacing their paid databases to users through the open web by applying structured and linked data methods. 相似文献
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��[Purpose/significance] Scientific data is an important guarantee resource for scientific research and plays an important role in the research activities of research institutions and personnel. Effective management of scientific data can make it play a better role and serve scientific research. It is of great significance for the sustainable development of data management of humanities and social sciences to analyze the existing problems in data management of humanities and social sciences in China and put forward solutions.[Method/process] By analyzing the research status of data management related to humanities and social sciences, this paper summarized the main problems existing in the current management of humanities and social sciences in China, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.[Result/conclusion] China's humanities and social science data management has certain problems in terms of policy system, management system, construction content, infrastructure, etc. In the follow-up, we should promote the sound development of humanities and social science data management by improving relevant policies and systems, establishing a collaborative management system, strengthening infrastructure construction, and focusing on personnel training. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 科学数据是科学研究的重要保障资源，对研究机构与研究人员的科研活动具有重要作用。有效管理科学数据能够使其更好地发挥作用，服务于科研工作。分析我国人文社会科学数据管理中存在的问题并提出解决对策，对于人文社会科学数据管理的可持续发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 通过分析人文社会科学数据管理相关研究现状，总结我国当前人文社会科学数据管理中存在的主要问题，并提出相应的对策建议。[结果/结论] 我国人文社会科学数据管理在政策制度、管理体制、建设内容、基础设施等方面存在一定的问题，后续应通过完善相关政策制度、建立协同管理体系、加强基础设施建设、注重人才培养等相关措施，以推动我国人文社会科学数据管理的良性发展。 相似文献
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档案数据是大数据时代经济社会发展的重要信息资源,进行档案数据质量控制研究有助于促进档案治理能力现代化的提升。通过调查分析可知,档案数据存有政策法规缺失、数量巨大结构复杂、数据实践处于起步阶段等现状。基于现状特征构建了档案数据质量控制机制:数据监督管控机制、技术保障机制、质量评估机制,并提出增强档案数据质量控制顶层设计,筑造档案数据质量技术保护屏障,构建档案数据质量评估方法体系等优化路径。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]传统数据挖掘技术很难有效地对海量、高维、动态的网络数据进行分析,这成为当前商业智能、决策分析和知识发现等领域中的主要技术瓶颈,网络动态数据挖掘能有效解决这一问题。[方法/过程]通过梳理网络动态数据挖掘相关理论与应用研究成果,对网络动态数据挖掘研究的形成过程、发展历程和研究趋势进行归纳和总结。[结果/结论]研究认为:网络动态数据挖掘过程中突变性问题、与情报学的融合问题、社交网络动态演化模型、研究合作网络时序变化及网络动态数据挖掘中的粒度计算问题等是情报学研究需要关注的主要研究方向。 相似文献
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Stefan Schweers Katharina Kinder-kurlanda Stefan Müller Pascal Siegers 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2016,12(1):100-126
There is an increasing demand for spatial data within the social sciences as such data promise to contribute to a better understanding of how the concrete living environment influences individuals’ attitudes and behaviors. Spatial data can complement data from surveys; however, as of yet there is no spatial data infrastructure for the social sciences in Germany that facilitates merging of spatial data with survey data. This article explores avenues for creating such a spatial data infrastructure (SDI) for the social sciences in Germany. We examine the role that librarians, archivists, and curators can play in offering spatial data infrastructure services for social scientists, and show the scope and nature of necessary tasks in areas such as harmonization, archiving, dissemination, and user support. As the case of Germany is similar to that of other European countries, we expect our results to be helpful in the creation of SDIs in other countries as well. This article suggests technical and organizational measures for merging survey data and spatial data in compliance with German privacy legislation. Measures for storage and dissemination of enriched survey data, for example by providing restricted access to the data in a secured environment, also are explored. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]分析美国政府数据开放战略的实施效果,并根据美国经济分析局等政府机构的数据开放实践以及《开放政府数据法案》对未来美国政府数据开放战略的要求,研判美国政府数据开放战略的新趋势,从而提出其对于我国政府数据开放战略实施的启示。[方法/过程]利用文献调研法和比较分析法进行研究,一是对比分析美国数据开放战略实施现状与未来该战略要求;二是对比分析我国目前数据开放战略现状与美国政府数据开放新趋势的差距。[结果/结论]美国政府数据开放战略将从数据类型、数据形式、审核机制、数据来源、储存机制、责任机构、评估机制等方面进行变革,从而促使政府数据产生更大的社会经济效益。我国目前在上述层面的发展应该充分借鉴美国的经验,加快发展具有我国特色的政府数据开放战略新机制。 相似文献
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Exploring open government data capacity of government agency: Based on the resource-based theory 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(1):1-12
Open government data (OGD) are valued by many countries and governments worldwide because of its important political, economic, and social benefits. Based on the resource-based theory, we construct a research model from the aspects of tangible, intangible, and human resources, as well as organizational culture to explore the factors that influence open government data capacity (OGDC). Results indicate that data variables, basic resources, organizational arrangement and technical capacity are directly related to the OGDC of government agencies; power distance negatively moderates the relationship between organizational structure and OGDC; uncertainty avoidance moderates the relationship among basic resources, organizational arrangement and OGDC. On this basis, we put forward relevant suggestions for the following development of OGD. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 开放科学数据是科技创新、经济和社会发展的必然趋势，明确其利益相关者的协同动力及作用机制有助于国家开放共享项目的高效开展。[方法/过程] 梳理归纳科学数据开放涉及的利益相关者，对其功能定位及利益诉求进行分析，并在此基础上总结多元主体协同的驱动力。然后，结合协同学思想构建开放科学数据主体协同动力系统模型，探索主体间的协作关系。[结果/结论] 从激发内生动力与强化外源动力两方面提出促进协同工作的相应建议，为我国科学数据开放共享实践提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Karen Okamoto 《The Reference Librarian》2017,58(2):111-123
This article provides an overview of open government data. It outlines what it is, provides examples, and summarizes library engagement with these data. The professional and academic literature and other web sources were examined along with government policies and portals. Open government data is a fairly recent and evolving phenomenon that promotes government transparency and invites citizen participation and innovative reuses of public data. Libraries have been responding to this release of data in a number of ways including offering data literacy instruction and special services and programs. 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(2):101663
This research proposes a holistic and integrative theoretical model to discuss the effects of eight predictors of citizens' attitudes towards open government and Government 2.0, and whether these attitudes influence their intention to use open government data in Brazil, one of the founding countries of the Open Government Partnership (OGP). Findings show the effects of six predictors of citizens' attitudes towards open government and government 2.0. In essence, these predictors are ease of use, usefulness, intrinsic motivation, political satisfaction, government trust, and intensity of internet use. This study also indicates that education, income, and region influence the ease of use and usefulness of open data. These findings also mean that public managers and political parties still have “homework’ to do to stimulate citizens' behavior towards open government and government 2.0. These initiatives encompass the government portals quality and data transparency improvement through less restrictive laws. Also, improve politicians' job performance. 相似文献