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1.
《Assessing Writing》2006,11(1):5-21
The present study investigated the influence of word processing on the writing of students of English as a second language (ESL) and on writing assessment as well. Twenty-one adult Mandarin–Chinese speakers with advanced English proficiency living in Toronto participated in the study. Each participant wrote two comparable writing tasks under exam-type conditions—one on a Macintosh computer that traced and recorded their writing and revision processes and the other written with pen. Think-aloud protocols were also recorded. It was found that participants paid more attention to higher order thinking activities while evaluating their written texts in the computer session, that they revised significantly more at most levels on the computer, and that their computer-generated essays received higher scores in argumentation than the hand-written ones, suggesting that educators should seriously consider the impact of computers on writing assessment. 相似文献
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罗小波 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2010,8(1):71-75
本论文主要研究两种写作任务（大规模考试中的写作任务和任务型课堂教学中的写作任务）对中国英语学习者书面语产出在准确度、复杂度和流利度三方面表现的影响。研究发现,学习者在这两种写作任务中的表现存在显著差别,笔者尝试用Skehan任务难度分析理论解释了造成这些差别的原因,认为任务环境、语言输入等因素对学生语言产出有重要作用。该研究旨在更深入地了解这两种写作任务之间的差别,以及可能对学习者产生的影响,从而对写作教学任务和考试写作任务的设计以启示。 相似文献
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The use of integrated writing tasks instead of traditional impromptu writing-only tasks is gaining ground in the teaching and assessment of EFL/ESL writing. Source text as the distinct feature of the integrated writing and the concern to improve its quality for the enhanced students' engagement has been a fertile line of inquiry. In this regard, the present study used a body of 67 Iranian intermediate EFL learners in three modalities: emotionalized reading-to-write (ERW) group which received emotionally-loaded source texts along with the emotional activities based on Goleman's Emotional Intelligence framework, reading-to-write (RW) group which developed their essays based on the texts with no focus on their emotional content and a writing-only (WO) group as the control group which followed the traditional writing procedure. The findings showed that ERW group outperformed RW group on the integrated writing tasks. In addition, ERW group performed better than the RW and WO on the overall independent writing task. Furthermore, the emotional intelligence of the students in the ERW group improved more than that of the RW and WO groups in the study. The study discusses that the emotional content of the source text followed by the emotionalized activities would significantly enhance the learners’ engagement with the source text in the reading-to-write tasks and consequently improve their writing. The implications and suggestions for further research are next discussed. 相似文献
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洪明 《浙江教育学院学报》2014,(4):32-38
提高思辨能力是高校英语专业学生培养的一项重要目标。将阅读与写作任务有机整合,是提高思辨能力的一个重要途径。实现该目标的第一步是研究思辨能力的构成,然后根据协同效应理论,设计读写协同任务,整合阅读与写作,以此提高学生的思辨能力。研究表明,虽然阅读与写作分别代表输入与产出两个不同指向的认知活动,但是当两者通过协同任务有机整合时,可以发挥协同效应,促使学生与原文作者进行模拟互动,激发学生积极的思辨活动,从而提高思辨能力。 相似文献
5.
Previewing answer-choice options before finishing reading the text is a widely employed test-taking behavior. In the present study we examined whether previewing is related to item response accuracy and response time, using data from Chinese learners of varying English proficiency levels and English native speakers. We examined eye movement patterns of participants who completed online multiple-choice sentence completion tasks, and how previewing was related to reading performance and whether the relation varied as a function of English proficiency level. The results showed that, relative to no previewing, previewing was associated with a significantly lower probability of answering an item correctly but not with significantly longer response time. Importantly, these relations varied across English proficiency levels such that participants with higher proficiency performed better without previewing, but there was no difference for lower-intermediate learners of English. These findings suggest that previewing does not facilitate performance on a sentence comprehension task, but instead interferes with the comprehension process, particularly for individuals with relatively high language proficiency. 相似文献
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Bakhtiar Naghdipour 《Curriculum Journal》2017,28(2):283-299
Undergraduate students' experience of assessment in universities is usually of summative assessment which provides only limited information to help students improve their performance. By contrast, formative assessment is informative and forward-looking, possessing the leverage to inform students of their day-to-day progress and inform teachers of how to better tailor their instruction to students' immediate learning needs. Despite these potentials, studies carried out on the use of formative assessment in English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts are somehow rare. The current study reports on incorporating formative assessment in an L2 writing course in Iran. The analysis of data from pre- and post-study writing tasks, pre- and post-study questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews revealed that first-year undergraduate students were offered opportunities to improve various aspects of their writing and to develop positive attitudes toward writing as well as formative assessment. However, the students reported several challenges that could have implications for the further implementation of formative assessment in similar contexts. 相似文献
7.
Yu-Chuan Joni Chao 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(4):395-411
This study proposes a Wiki-based collaborative writing approach to the writing process for EFL (English as a foreign language) learners. A five-stage computer-mediated collaborative writing project including collaborative planning, partitioned drafting, peer-revising, peer-editing, and individual publishing was blended with on-campus English composition course. Fifty-one L2 learners at a university in central Taiwan participated in this project. Procedural scaffolding and collective scaffolding were provided to promote students' self-regulation and thus to foster the development of students' writing skills. A cross-referencing questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate students' perceptions of Wiki-based collaborative writing and students' perceptions of their work in each stage of collaborative writing. As the results indicated, a high percentage of students' satisfaction showed positive perceptions of this Wiki-based collaborative writing environment, and the instructional design of implementing a Wiki-based collaborative writing project with a five-stage writing process does assist EFL learners to accomplish a collaborative writing task on the internet with less limitation of time. This article also points to new possibilities for future research. 相似文献
8.
《校园英语(教研版)》2015,(18):158-160
<正>Introduction In Chinese ELT(English language teaching),as in other countries,both fluency and accuracy are considered important either in the teaching or assessment of writing.In this respect,the last decade has seen reforms in the College Entrance Examination in Guangdong Province.With two writing tasks being set as assessment,task one requires students to summarise Chinese language information into five English sentences while the 相似文献
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学生批判性思维能力的培养应是高等教育的目标之一,也是英语教学的目标之一。在英语教学中,学生的批判性思维能力培养主要是通过英语写作来实现的。而通过英语写作来培养学生的批判性思维能力又有多种方法,其中之一就是写作任务的设计和执行,即任务型英语写作课堂教学,此模式能使学生在完成英语写作任务的同时完善英语知识,以培养其英语写作的能力和批判性思维能力。本文通过英语写作任务样本分析,从理论上讨论和阐述了写作任务的设计,旨在为英语写作教师在编写教材时或在教学中提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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Drawing on sociocultural theory, and a large number of empirical studies conducted on the effectiveness of scaffolding on second or foreign language learning, the authors investigated the application of different forms of scaffolding to improve listening comprehension of the Iranian intermediate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. To this end, 90 intermediate EFL learners were randomly assigned to 2 experimental groups and a control group. During 15 treatment sessions of listening comprehension instruction, expert peers in the first experimental group assisted their less knowledgeable peers in their listening comprehension tasks. The participants in the second experimental group were asked to assist their coequal peers while doing the listening comprehension tasks, but the participants in group 3 did not interact with each other or even their teacher and no scaffolding scheme was used when they were doing the listening comprehension tasks. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc analyses revealed that the expert peers' scaffolding was the most effective procedure for the intermediate EFL learners' listening comprehension development. Furthermore, coequal peers' scaffolding was proved to be the second effective procedure for the listening comprehension improvement. The findings underscore the relative efficacy of different forms of scaffolding procedure and the superiority of the expert peers' scaffolding over coequals' scaffolding. The qualitative analysis of the recorded data indicated that the implicit scaffolding strategies were more frequently used by the expert peers. However, the explicit scaffolding strategies were more frequently used to by the coequals. The findings of the study underscore the positive potentiality of scaffolding in its different forms for the EFL learners' listening comprehension development. 相似文献
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《中学生英语》2017,(1)
Embodied Language Comprehension Theory claims that language is grounded in bodily activity and meaning is grounded in sensory motor system in modality.This study aims to examine whether EFL(English as a Foreign Language)learners triggered Action-Sentence Compatibility Effect(ACE)during sentence comprehension.The English sentences including concrete and abstract verbs are taken as stimuli.Reaction time and accuracy rate of the participants were collected as the experimental data.Two groups of students with different English proficiencies participated in the study.The results indicate that(1)While processing concrete-verb sentences,both groups triggered ACE.(2)There is no significant ACE in processing abstract-verb sentences.(3)High proficiency group responded faster with a higher accuracy.(4)It is difficult for EFL learners to process abstract actions.To conclude,the present study shows that mental simulation is activated while EFL learners with certain language proficiency are processing sentences.In foreign language comprehension,mental simulation would be facilitated with higher language proficiency. 相似文献
14.
Story composition,mental state language and self‐regulated strategy instruction for writers with autism spectrum conditions 
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下载免费PDF全文 Vasiliki Mourgkasi Sofia Mavropoulou 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2018,18(1):36-49
In this single‐subject study, we evaluated the effects of an intervention using a modified version of the Self‐Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) approach on the story composition skills and the use of mental state language in three writers with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). Interestingly, the intervention was not found to be effective in increasing the number of words, sentences and advanced words for all participants, while only two participants used more story elements and improved the holistic quality of their compositions. Nevertheless, all participants used more mental state terms, spent more time for story planning, transferred their new skills to different writing tasks and maintained them 4 weeks post‐intervention. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the extended version of the SRSD approach on the use of mental state language in the writings of children with ASC. 相似文献
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本文对中国大学生利用电子邮件与讲英语为本族语的交际对象进行互动交际和利用传统纸和笔写作这两种二语写作模式进行了比较分析,发现传统纸笔写作信息承载量大,注重形式上的连接,是典型的结果写作法;而利用电子邮件写作是在真实的环境下的一种循环式互动交际过程,所写语言具有口语化、个性化、真实化的特点,更加注重对写作内容的挖掘和拓展。因此,利用得当,电子邮件可以真正促进二语写作从结果写作向过程写作的转换。 相似文献
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Icy Lee 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2011,18(1):99-111
In second‐language writing, assessment has traditionally focused on the written products and how well (or badly) students perform in writing. Teachers dominate the assessment process as testers, while students remain passive testees. Assessment is something teachers ‘do to’ rather than ‘with’ students, mainly for administrative and reporting purposes (i.e. summative). Such assessment, being more retrospective than prospective, holds little value for teaching and learning. In recent years, with a major paradigm shift in assessment and evaluation in English language teaching, writing assessment informed primarily by a product and summative orientation, is considered increasingly inadequate. Such assessment, which focuses on measurement – i.e. marking, monitoring and checking, fails to capture the formative potential of assessment for promoting learning. A formative approach to assessment, on the other hand, focuses more on inquiry – i.e. discovering, diagnosing and understanding, as well as the opportunities assessment provides for improving teaching and learning. To harness the potential of formative assessment in the writing classroom, it is axiomatic that classroom assessment practices be geared towards maximizing student learning. This provides the impetus for my study, which investigates an EFL teacher's attempt to implement formative assessment in her writing classroom and its impact on her classroom practice and students' beliefs and attitudes to writing. 相似文献
17.
This study explores whether linguistic features can predict second language writing proficiency in the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL iBT) integrated and independent writing tasks and, if so, whether there are differences and similarities in the two sets of predictive linguistic features. Linguistic features related to lexical sophistication, syntactic complexity, cohesion, and basic text information were investigated in relation to the writing scores for both integrated and independent samples. The results of this study show that linguistic features can be used to significantly predict essay scores in the integrated as well as the independent writing. When comparing across the two writing tasks, there are both similarities and differences in the two sets of predictive features. For instance, lexical sophistication was found to be a significant predictor for both tasks while features such as verbs in 3rd person singular form and semantic similarity were only significant predictors for the integrated task. These findings demonstrate that evaluation of the two writing tasks rely on similar and distinct features, and are at least partially assessed using different linguistic criteria. Implications of these findings for the assessment of second language (L2) writing are also discussed. 相似文献
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庄英如 《韩山师范学院学报》2012,(2):84-88
对过去十年（2000～2010）刊登在国内外语类核心期刊和外语类刊物有关英语听力测试研究的文章进行检索统计,结果显示：（1）过去十年间,英语听力测试研究略有上升;（2）研究涵盖了任务类型、听力测试评分、反拨作用、听力应试策略和技巧、听力试题分析与命制等方面;（3）实证性研究略有增多;（4）研究对象以大学生为主,高、初中生为辅。分析发现,目前英语听力测试研究存在内容单一、缺乏广度和深度、实证研究方法欠缺科学性、研究对象失衡等问题。针对以上问题,该文提出听力测试研究未来发展趋势为：丰富对听力测试构建效度的研究;开展从认知与情感角度对考生听力测试理解过程的研究;增加听力理解形成性评价的研究;关注计算机化听力测试的发展。 相似文献
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Tung‐hsien He 《Journal of Research in Reading》2008,31(2):224-242
This study explored the effects of achievement goals on English as a foreign language (EFL) college students' reading strategy use and reading comprehension from the perspective of multiple goals. Fifty‐seven participants verbalised their thoughts while reading an English expository essay. They also completed assessments on their reading goal profiles and reading proficiency. The results of stimulated recall indicated that participants with profiles characterised by strong mastery and strong performance goals used intra‐sentential, inter‐paragraph, intra‐paragraph and monitoring/evaluating strategies significantly more frequently than did their counterparts. In contrast, participants with profiles characterised by strong mastery but weak performance goals utilised these strategies more often than those participants with weak mastery but strong performance goals. The strong‐mastery–strong‐performance goal profile served as a significant, positive predictor for degrees of reading comprehension. In line with these findings, suggestions for EFL reading pedagogy are provided. 相似文献
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REN Qing-mei 《课程.教材.教法》2007,(12)
ACT认知模式对人脑如何组织和归纳输入的语言信息以及如何对它们进行合理的推断和预测等一系列问题提供了极有启发意义的理论依据。测试是外语教学和学习中的重要一环,是检查教学质量的重要形式。本文在对ACT模式理论精髓作深入剖析的基础上,就外语测试内容、测试方式、试题提示语以及测试策略等问题进行探讨,以期对中学外语教学产生积极的促进作用。 相似文献