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1.
创新型企业的形成：基于网络能力与创新战略作用的分析 《科学学研究》2013,(2):298-309
根据文献分析的结果将网络能力分为网络愿景能力、网络构建能力和网络管理能力,以探索式创新和利用式创新为中介变量,建立了网络能力三个维度对创新型企业形成的影响模型。通过调查问卷方式获取了257份样本数据对各种影响路径进行了验证,结果发现网络能力的三个维度对创新型企业的形成都有正面影响;明确的创新战略模式也有利于创新型企业的形成;网络能力结构的不同将导致不同的创新战略形式,网络能力与创新战略的有效匹配有利于加快创新型企业的形成,企业需要在综合评价自身网络能力结构并选择恰当的创新战略形式才能将自身打造为创新型企业。 相似文献
2.
以企业网络能力禀赋对创新型企业的影响为切入点,在证明网络能力四个维度:愿景能力、构建能力、关系管理能力和关系控制能力对创新型企业存在显著影响的基础上,探讨了企业战略的创新导向在这一影响过程中的扰动作用,并应用调研数据对这种作用进行了验证。结果发现战略的创新导向在网络能力与创新型企业间起着显著的调节作用,高的战略创新导向会增强网络能力对创新型企业的正向作用;而低的战略创新导向则会弱化网络能力对创新型企业的正向作用,甚至可能使这种作用的方向发生逆转。这表明企业在战略层面强化创新导向,引导资源向创新活动集聚,促进组织内崇尚创新的氛围的形成,才有利于网络能力禀赋与战略的匹配,促进创新型企业的建设。 相似文献
3.
研究了在中国情景下企业技术能力在创新型企业形成过程中的作用。首先根据文献分析结果,将技术能力分为技术吸收能力和技术创新能力,创新战略分为探索式创新和利用式创新,以创新绩效和创新管理体系作为衡量创新型企业的两项指标,并从文献分析中提出了技术能力、创新战略对创新型企业形成的影响。然后应用调查问卷所获取的数据对创新型企业的测量量表及假设进行了验证,结果发现企业技术能力和创新战略对创新型企业都有显著影响,但创新战略在技术能力与创新型企业间起了中介作用,因此技术能力需要与创新战略有效匹配才能对创新管理产生影响。 相似文献
4.
企业技术能力、创新战略对创新绩效的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
根据文献分析的结果将技术能力分为技术吸收能力和技术创新能力,创新战略分为探索式创新和利用式创新,并从文献分析中提出了技术能力、创新战略对创新型绩效形成的影响。通过调查问卷方式获取了257份样本数据对各种影响路径进行了验证,结果发现企业技术能力和创新战略对创新绩效都有显著影响,利用式创新比探索式创新对创新绩效的影响更强,技术创新能力和技术吸收能力对创新绩效的影响则无差异。 相似文献
5.
随着我国基础设施的持续投资以及现代工业体系的建设推进,复杂产品的系统创新问题已经成为政府和理论界所共同关注的话题。本文以案例研究作为主要方法,对浦镇公司1949年至2012年的创新过程进行研究,主要结论如下:复杂产品系统创新通过企业网络能力、创新结构和创新模式共同协同演化而成,并在这个过程中呈现出自组织行为的阶段性特征,即:(1)涨落阶段:系统企业通过网络能力形成了有利于利用式创新模式的结构;(2)役使阶段:系统企业通过网络能力形成了有利于探索式创新模式的结构;(3)相变阶段:系统企业通过网络能力形成了利用式创新和探索式创新协同的结构。 相似文献
6.
本文聚焦OFDI企业双元网络嵌入、跨界搜索对其双元创新的影响。通过构建理论模型,利用207个中国OFDI企业调查数据实证检验,研究发现:(1)母国网络商业关系和政府关系均有利于OFDI企业双元创新,且其对于OFDI企业利用式创新的影响大于对于企业探索式创新的影响,而商业关系对企业双元创新的影响大于政府关系的影响;(2)东道国网络关系广度有利于OFDI企业探索性创新而不利于其利用式创新,关系密度和结构强度有利于OFDI企业利用式创新而不利于其探索式创新;(3)跨界搜索在企业双元网络对双元创新影响中有正向调节作用。研究结论对于我国OFDI企业双元创新有重要启示。 相似文献
7.
如何通过网络能力提升竞争优势、改善企业创新绩效一直是众多学者关心的问题。然而,以往研究忽略了开放式创新对二者关系的重要影响。本文探讨了开放度和网络能力之间的关系以及它们如何作用于创新绩效。以我国制造业的206家企业为样本进行了实证检验。研究发现,网络战略能力、网络过程能力和网络关系能力对创新绩效有显著的正向影响。而且网络战略能力、网络关系能力均和开放度对创新绩效有显著的正向交互影响。另外,开放广度越大,企业发展网络战略能力越有助于提高创新绩效;而开放深度越大,发展网络关系能力越有助于提高创新绩效。 相似文献
8.
本文基于战略管理理论和知识管理理论，研究组织距离对战略联盟企业突破式创新的影响，并探索知识流动在其中扮演的中介作用。同时，引入知识保护能力作为调节变量，从而构建了本研究的理论模型。以471家战略联盟企业为研究对象，采用回归分析方法进行实证检验。结果表明：技术距离越远越有利于联盟企业实现突破式创新，社会距离越近越有利于联盟企业突破式创新；知识获取和知识泄漏在技术距离和社会距离与突破式创新之间发挥部分中介作用；知识保护能力负向调节知识泄漏与突破式创新之间的关系。 相似文献
9.
为了探究渐进式、突破式和平衡式创新对组织绩效的影响以及正式网络支持和非正式网络帮助对它们之间关系的调节作用，本文运用层次回归、多项式回归和响应面分析等方法，采用来自94个创新型组织的数据进行实证检验。结果表明：平衡式创新越高，越有利于提高组织绩效;正式网络中成员相互提供支持，有利于促进渐进式创新转化为组织绩效;非正式网络中成员相互提供帮助，有利于促进突破式创新转化为组织绩效；正式网络支持与非正式网络帮助的交互效应越高,越有利于促进平衡式创新转化为组织绩效。本文验证了渐进式、突破式和平衡式创新对组织绩效的影响,所提出的正式网络支持概念丰富了亲社会性理论，探讨了正式网络支持与非正式网络帮助的调节作用,细化了不同创新转化为组织绩效的权变条件。 相似文献
10.
组织的二元学习包括探索式学习和挖掘式学习,二元学习平衡有助于创新型企业保持持续的竞争力。中国企业处于挖掘式学习多于探索式学习的阶段,二元学习平衡需要进行更多的探索式学习。外部新知识进入有利于企业探索式学习,内部既有知识利用有利于企业的挖掘式学习,企业二元学习的平衡则需要两者的结合。企业外部和内部研发合作网络的特征分别影响企业的外部新知识进入与内部知识的识别和吸收。通过分析31家中国创新型企业2000—2016年在德温特创新索引数据库上的134 814个发明专利数据,结果发现:中国创新型企业在外部研发合作网络中的程度中心性和结构洞均正向影响企业二元学习平衡,企业内部研发合作网络的中介中心势正向调节企业在外部研发合作网络的程度中心性与二元学习平衡的关系,企业内部研发合作网络的程度中心势负向调节企业在外部研发合作网络的结构洞与二元学习平衡的关系。最后,就企业如何通过内外部研发合作策略提升中国企业的二元学习平衡展开了讨论。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献