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1.
《校园英语(教研版)》2015,(22)
Listening comprehension is a basic skill in English learning.Here,we will talk about the relationship between the short-term memory and listening comprehension, and try to find the way of the short-term memory training to improve the skill of the students in middle school. 相似文献
2.
听力是语言交际能力的中心环节之一, 在听的过程中记忆是重要的信息储存器和处理器, 在记忆的工作过程中有三个关键变量影响了听力的效果。因此, 在英语听力的课堂教学中应帮助学生合理分布注意力, 增加短期记忆的储存量, 提高长期记忆的信息加工能力。 相似文献
3.
全国大学英语四级考试在国内就业市场上具有很高的认知度,其中听力理解占35％,该部分的得分对四级考试总成绩的影响很大。凯里学院由于其生源特点,学生的听力理解能力非常弱。文章以凯里学院非英语专业302名本科学生为例,对语言及非语言两方面的影响因素进行调查,并运用SPSS软件对这些影响因素进行分析。结果表明：多数学生认为词汇量、语言迁移、听力技巧、心理状态和短时记忆是影响CET-4听力成绩的重要因素;除了“语音语调”和“思维方式”外,各专业对其它影响因素的认同度基本一致,并根据调查结果提出几点教学启示。 相似文献
4.
Evelien van Wingerden Eliane Segers Hans van Balkom Ludo Verhoeven 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2018,22(4):321-334
The present article aimed to explore how the development of reading comprehension is affected when its cognitive basis is compromised. The simple view of reading was adopted as the theoretical framework. The study followed 76 children with mild intellectual disabilities (average IQ = 60.38, age 121 months) across a period of 3 years. The children were assessed for level of reading comprehension (outcome variable) and its precursors decoding and listening comprehension, in addition to linguistic skills (foundational literacy skills, rapid naming, phonological short-term memory, verbal working memory, vocabulary, and grammar) and non-linguistic skills (nonverbal reasoning and temporal processing). Reading comprehension was predicted by decoding and listening comprehension but also by foundational literacy skills and nonverbal reasoning. It is concluded that intellectual disabilities can affect the development of reading comprehension indirectly via linguistic skills but also directly via nonlinguistic nonverbal reasoning ability. 相似文献
5.
This study had three main aims. First, we examined to what extent listening comprehension, vocabulary, grammatical skills and verbal short-term memory (VSTM) assessed prior to formal reading instruction explained individual differences in early reading comprehension levels. Second, we examined to what extent the three common component skills, namely vocabulary, grammar and VSTM explained the relationship between kindergarten listening comprehension and early reading comprehension levels. Third, we examined the relative contributions of word-reading and listening comprehension skills to early reading comprehension in Turkish. For this purpose, 56 Turkish-speaking children were followed from kindergarten (mean age?=?67.7?months) into Grade 2 (mean age?=?90.6?months). The relative role of kindergarten listening comprehension, vocabulary, VSTM and grammatical skills in later reading comprehension tended to vary across time, and they partly explained the relationship between listening comprehension and reading comprehension. Finally, as anticipated, listening comprehension, rather than word-reading , was found to play a more powerful role in children’s reading comprehension levels even during the early primary grades. These results contradicted those reported in English and can be explained by the rapid development of accurate word-reading skills due to the consistency of the grapheme–phoneme relationships of the Turkish orthography. 相似文献
6.
A longitudinal study analyzed (a) which lower- and higher-level semantic components uniquely predicted listening text comprehension and (b) the nature of the relation (i.e., direct and indirect) between the predictors and listening text comprehension in preschoolers. One-hundred and fifty-two children participated in the present study (68 females; mean age = 4;10 years/months and 5;5 years/months at Time 1 and Time 2, respectively). Participants were administered measures to evaluate listening text comprehension (Time 1 and Time 2) and (a) expressive and receptive word knowledge (lower-level semantic components), and (b) inferential skills and the ability to use context (higher-level semantic components) (Time 1). Verbal short-term and working memory were also included as control variables. Data were analyzed using path analysis models. Results showed that both types of semantic components (a) accounted for unique variance in listening text comprehension at Time 2, with lower-level semantic components explaining a larger proportion of variance than higher-level semantic components; (b) were related to later listening text comprehension through direct and indirect relations. Memory resources did not significantly contribute to listening text comprehension. The results are discussed in light of their theoretical relevance and educational/practical implications. 相似文献
7.
学生认为，他们听音的主要困难之一是记不住所听的内容。听力理解过程中的信息加工主要依赖短时记忆，提高听者短时记忆能力，是听力教学面临的一个突出问题，但短时记忆的容量非常有限已是大家公认的事实。一些研究者认为，听力理解中，速记策略可起到短时记忆的功效。而另外一些研究者指出虽然听力理解属于大脑短时记忆现象，整个过程严格受时间限制。但大脑对信息的记忆过程与笔头记录过程是输入与输出两个性质完全不同的加工过程。速记会影响脑记，脑记同样会干扰速记。到底听力理解中速记策略可行与否，通过实验的检测。本文回答了这个问题。 相似文献
8.
文章明确了口译听辨技巧训练和传统学生听力练习技巧的区别,结合当前听力教学方法的缺陷,论述了公共英语听力课堂引进口译听辨技巧训练方法的必要性和具体手段。通过具体的例证,着重说明了教师应如何引导学生在听力课堂上利用常用口译笔记方．法提高短时记忆能力,以及如何根据语篇的特征提取关键信息的方法来提高学生听力理解水平。 相似文献
9.
运用统计分析方法分析了5907名大学生的大学英语四级考试听力和阅读成绩,结果显示：阅读成绩、听力成绩和总成绩均呈高度相关,考生的阅读成绩高于听力成绩,听力得分率远低于总成绩得分率。根据分析结果,以图式理论为基础,提出了听读结合的教学模式,使视觉记忆和听觉记忆同时储存在大脑中,帮助学生解决听力困难,提高英语听力理解能力。 相似文献
10.
为了促进二语听力教学,从二语听力学习者出发,对二语学习者听力困难的原因进行了分析,发现他们分辨语音的能力低,构建语义的能力都不强.要提高学习者的听力理解能力,听力教学必须根据学习者的认知心理特点,在课堂上创造条件鼓励学习者抓大意、主要内容和关键词等;扩展词汇;启发学生对词、内容和背景知识进行联想,在大脑里构成意义网络,... 相似文献
11.
This paper reports two studies investigating the nature of comprehension deficits in a group of 7–8 year old children whose decoding skills are normal, but whose reading comprehension skills are poor. The performance of these poor comprehenders was compared to two control groups, Chronological-Age controls and Comprehension-Age controls. The first study examined whether these comprehension difficulties are specific to reading. On two measures of listening comprehension the poor comprehenders were found to perform at a significantly lower level than Chronological-Age controls. However, they did not differ from a group of younger children matched for reading comprehension skills. This indicates that the observed comprehension difficulties are not restricted to reading, but rather represent a general comprehension limitation. The second study investigated whether these comprehension difficulties can be explained in terms of a memory deficit. The short-term and working memory skills of these three groups were examined. The poor comprehenders did not differ from their Chronological-Age controls on either of these tasks. In conclusion, it is argued that working memory processes are not a major causal factor in the creation of the comprehension difficulties identified in the present group of poor comprehenders. 相似文献
12.
卫孝芬 《洛阳师范学院学报》2001,20(6):119-120
听力理解是语言多种能力的综合反映 ,任何一种能力的不足都会影响听力理解 ,阻碍听力水平的提高。其中语篇理解是英语听力训练中的难点与重点。而语义联想、逻辑思维和记忆能力是实现语篇理解的有效方法。语篇理解的训练在英语听力课的教学中应得到足够的重视。 相似文献
13.
Language and Cognitive Predictors of Text Comprehension: Evidence From Multivariate Analysis 
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下载免费PDF全文 Young‐Suk Kim 《Child development》2015,86(1):128-144
Using data from children in South Korea (N = 145, Mage = 6.08), it was determined how low‐level language and cognitive skills (vocabulary, syntactic knowledge, and working memory) and high‐level cognitive skills (comprehension monitoring and theory of mind [ToM]) are related to listening comprehension and whether listening comprehension and word reading mediate the relations of language and cognitive skills to reading comprehension. Low‐level skills predicted comprehension monitoring and ToM, which in turn predicted listening comprehension. Vocabulary and syntactic knowledge were also directly related to listening comprehension, whereas working memory was indirectly related via comprehension monitoring and ToM. Listening comprehension and word reading completely mediated the relations of language and cognitive skills to reading comprehension. 相似文献
14.
第二语言听力理解不是一个被动的简单接收过程,而是一个包含接收、加工以及产出的主动、复杂的信息处理过程。这一过程中涉及到言语辨听能力、概括能力、预测能力、理解能力、记忆能力等各个方面。提出影响第二语言听力理解的信息处理模型以及基于此模型的听力教学策略,以期达到帮助学生提高英语听力理解效率的目的。 相似文献
15.
听力理解的过程揭示了听力理解和记忆涉及到语言知识和文化背景等多方面的因素，在听力课教学中实施整体的语篇教学有助于学生在听力训练全过程中取得显著成效。 相似文献
16.
Amanda C. Miller Douglas Fuchs Lynn S. Fuchs Donald Compton Devin Kearns Wenjuan Zhang 《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2014,7(3):232-249
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which teacher ratings of behavioral attention predicted responsiveness to word reading instruction in first-grade and third-grade reading comprehension performance. Participants were 110 first-grade students identified as at risk for reading difficulties who received 20 weeks of intensive reading intervention in combination with classroom reading instruction. Path analysis indicated that teacher ratings of student attention significantly predicted students’ word reading growth in first grade even when they were competed against other relevant predictors (phonological awareness, nonword reading, sight word efficiency, vocabulary, listening comprehension, hyperactivity, nonverbal reasoning, and short-term memory). Also, student attention demonstrated a significant indirect effect on third-grade reading comprehension via word reading but not via listening comprehension. Results suggest that student attention (indexed by teacher ratings) is an important predictor of at-risk readers’ responsiveness to reading instruction in first grade and that first-grade reading growth mediates the relationship between students’ attention and their future level of reading comprehension. The importance of considering ways to manage and improve behavioral attention when implementing reading instruction is discussed. 相似文献
17.
语言心理机制中的短时记忆在大学英语听力教学中发挥着重要作用,从理论上分析了短时记忆以及短时记忆在听力教学中的地位与作用,并结合自身听力教学实践经验,介绍了几种可在英语听力教学中采用的提高短时记忆容量的方法. 相似文献
18.
何洪霞 《沈阳教育学院学报》2010,12(5):42-44
分析了HSK听力短文题型中所存在的语速适应障碍、记忆能力障碍、应试技巧障碍及文化冲突障碍,提出了HSK听力短文题型训练中应加强记忆力、听力技巧、听力速度的训练并跨越文化障碍等对策。 相似文献
19.
Wolf M. C. Muijselaar M. M. L. Boonstra A. M. de Bree E. H. 《Reading and writing》2019,32(7):1747-1767
This study aimed to increase our understanding on the relationship between reading and listening comprehension. Both in comprehension theory and in educational practice, reading and listening comprehension are often seen as interchangeable, overlooking modality-specific aspects of them separately. Three questions were addressed. First, it was examined to what extent reading and listening comprehension comprise modality-specific, distinct skills or an overlapping, domain-general skill in terms of the amount of explained variance in one comprehension type by the opposite comprehension type. Second, general and modality-unique subskills of reading and listening comprehension were sought by assessing the contributions of the foundational skills word reading fluency, vocabulary, memory, attention, and inhibition to both comprehension types. Lastly, the practice of using either listening comprehension or vocabulary as a proxy of general comprehension was investigated. Reading and listening comprehension tasks with the same format were assessed in 85 second and third grade children. Analyses revealed that reading comprehension explained 34% of the variance in listening comprehension, and listening comprehension 40% of reading comprehension. Vocabulary and word reading fluency were found to be shared contributors to both reading and listening comprehension. None of the other cognitive skills contributed significantly to reading or listening comprehension. These results indicate that only part of the comprehension process is indeed domain-general and not influenced by the modality in which the information is provided. Especially vocabulary seems to play a large role in this domain-general part. The findings warrant a more prominent focus of modality-specific aspects of both reading and listening comprehension in research and education.
相似文献20.
高中英语听力理解技能的训练和听力策略的培养 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
曹洁 《课程.教材.教法》2009,(8)
目前,高中英语听力课堂上教师大多采取听力测试这种单一的教学形式,只是利用教材上的听力活动和练习测试学生的听力理解能力,这种方式不利于学生听力水平的提高。教师应在了解学生听力水平的基础上,制定长短期目标,利用教材内容训练学生的听力理解技能,培养学生的听力策略,从而提高学生的听力理解水平。 相似文献