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1.
Takashi Umeda Kazuhiro Suzukawa Ippei Takahashi Yousuke Yamamoto Masaru Tanabe Arata Kojima 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):897-904
Abstract To clarify the physical and mental fatigue caused by intense exercise and the relationship between the two types of fatigue, we examined changes in anthropometric and biochemical variables, neutrophil function, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire in 13 female university judoists attending a one-week training camp. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, haemoglobin, leukocyte count, IgG, and phagocytic activity all decreased after the training camp compared with baseline (P ≤ 0.046). Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and neutrophil oxidative burst activity increased after the training camp (P ≤ 0.007). Of the POMS scores, that for Fatigue increased after the training camp (P = 0.041) and that for Vigour decreased (P = 0.042). The changes in several POMS scores correlated with the changes in blood biochemical variables. In particular, the change in Total mood disturbance was negatively associated with changes in myogenic enzymes (P ≤ 0.032). Our results suggest that intense exercise during training camps for female judoists leads to the appearance and accumulation of mental and physical fatigue, which are related to each other. 相似文献
2.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):245-253
Abstract Eleven elite kayakers performed an identical weekly training schedule each week during a 3-week training-camp. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) inventory (“right now” instructions) was completed before and after selected workouts each week to assess both training-induced mood disturbances and the extent of recovery following short and long rest. The ratio of POMS vigour to POMS fatigue scores was used as an “energy index”. Energy index scores were compared with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) to address the size of the training load. Performance measures were obtained during the first and last week. The results showed that the energy index decreased (p<0.01) throughout the camp and did not return to initial values following either the short (one night) or long rest (two nights and one day). Performance measures and RPE remained unaffected throughout training, as did the POMS depression scores, indicating that the athletes experienced an overreached state but did not develop staleness. Our results suggest that repeated evaluation using POMS fatigue, vigour, and depression scores during periods of intensified training may help prevent athletes from becoming severely overreached and reduce the likelihood of staleness. 相似文献
3.
Umeda T Nakaji S Shimoyama T Yamamoto Y Totsuka M Sugawara K 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(4):329-338
In this study, we examined the effects of weight reduction by restricting energy intake on muscle function and serum concentrations of myogenic enzymes in judoists. Twenty-seven male judoists aged 19.3 +/- 0.6 years (mean +/- s) were divided into three groups based on the extent of body weight reduction: high weight reduction (height 1.70 +/- 0.05 m, body mass 78.5 +/- 13.6 kg), low weight reduction (height 1.70 +/- 0.05 m, body mass 80.7 +/- 13.1 kg) and a group that maintained body weight while continuing to perform exercise training (height 1.78 +/- 0.07 m, body mass 78.7 +/- 8.8 kg). Body composition, blood biochemistry, energy intake and anaerobic power were assessed on four occasions: 20 days (baseline data), 4 days and 1 day before and 7 days after competition. Compared with baseline, body mass and fat-free mass were significantly lower 1 day before competition in the high and low weight reduction groups (both P < 0.01); these changes persisted for 7 days after competition in the high weight reduction group. Serum creatine kinase was significantly elevated 1 day before competition in all groups (all P < 0.05), and remained higher 7 days after competition in both the high and low weight reduction groups. Compared with baseline, maximal anaerobic power was significantly lower 1 day before competition only in the high weight reduction group (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that energy restriction in addition to intense exercise training before major competition has an adverse effect on anaerobic power and elevates serum creatine kinase concentration, leading to an impairment of muscular function and an increased susceptibility of muscle tissue to injury. 相似文献
4.
运动对女子柔道运动员女性激素影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以放免分析法研究了运动对9名女子柔道运动员及8名未受训练的正常女子的女性激素。结果显示:运动后,两组受试者在其月经周期的黄体期,血浆E_2、P均显著增加,血浆T在卵泡期及黄体期均见显著增加。 相似文献
5.
对12名听障高中女生进行6周的功能性课外体育锻炼实验,运用"POMS量表"评价和分析功能性锻炼干预的心理效果。结果表明;实验后实验组与对照组听障高中女生在抑郁和精力2项指标有显著性差异(P<0.05);而紧张、愤怒和TMD总分3项指标的组间差异达到非常显著水平(P<0.01);但实验后实验组各的项指标与情绪常模相比仍有一定差距,说明功能性锻炼对改善听障高中女生的情绪状态具有一定的积极效应。可见:重视并系统地研究有利于改善听障生情绪状态的体育锻炼手段,有利于听障生养成健身锻炼习惯,有助于其身心健康良性发展,从而为听障生日后积极地融入社会做出一定的努力。 相似文献
6.
通过测定普通职校女生经过八周45rain体育舞蹈锻炼后心理状态和身体自尊的变化,研究体育舞蹈锻炼对普通职校女生心理与身体自尊的影响。结果：经过四周45min体育舞蹈锻炼后,PSPP总分效果显著,八周后更加明显（p〈0．05）,主要表现在身体吸引力、身体价值感和身体状况三个方面。四周运动后POMS全量表分数、紧张、抑郁和自尊差异显著（P〈0．05）,八周后全量表分数、紧张、愤怒、疲劳、精力和自尊差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：八周45min体育舞蹈锻炼能有效地提高或改善普通女性大学生的身体自尊水平;可以有效降低普通职校生心理状态中的消极因素,提高其积极因素,有利于心理状态的改善,对普通女性学生心理健康起到促进作用。 相似文献
7.
目的：观察补充糖饮料、支链氨基酸和乳清蛋白等能量物质对阶段性大运动量训练维持或提高运动员身体机能和疲劳恢复的影响。方法：根据冬训阶段性训练计划安排,对10名散打运动员在30d的体能训练阶段,按营养补充方案进行能量补充,观察能量补充对机体无氧能力的输出总功、最大功率、疲劳指数,有氧能力的拉桨时间、功率、桨频,生化指标血乳酸（LA）尿素氮（BUN）、血糖（GL）、肌酸激酶（CK）的影响,另选10名队友作空白组,进行自身前后对照和空白对照。结果：观察组经过阶段性能量补充前后运动员的输出总功、最大功率、疲劳指数和桨频均显著提高（P〈0．01）,与空白组相比也有明显提高（P〈0．05）,训练课后血糖水平也明显提高（P〈0．05）,补充支链氨基酸和乳清蛋白后血BUN的恢复与空白组比有极显著好转（P〈0．001）。结论：训练期间补充糖、支链氨基酸和乳清蛋白等能量物质,能明显改善运动员的有氧运动能力和无氧运动能力,明显延缓运动性疲劳的发生,加速运动性疲劳恢复的作用。 相似文献
8.
Ajmol Ali Jemma O’Donnell Pamela Von Hurst Andrew Foskett Sherina Holland Carlene Starck 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(4):330-341
We examined the influence of caffeine supplementation on cognitive performance and perceptual responses in female team-game players taking low-dose monophasic oral contraceptives of the same hormonal composition. Ten females (24 ± 4 years; 59.7 ± 3.5 kg body mass; 2–6 training sessions per week) took part in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover-design trial. A 90-min intermittent treadmill-running protocol was completed 60 min following ingestion of a capsule containing either 6 mg ? kg?1 anhydrous caffeine or artificial sweetener (placebo). Perceptual responses (ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), feeling scale (FS), felt arousal scale (FAS)), mood (profile of mood states (POMS)) and cognitive performance (Stroop test, choice reaction time (CRT)) were completed before, during and after the exercise protocol, as well as after ~12 h post exercise. Caffeine ingestion significantly enhanced the ratings of pleasure (P = 0.008) and arousal (P = 0.002) during the exercise protocol, as well as increased vigour (POMS; P = 0.007), while there was a tendency for reduced fatigue (POMS; P = 0.068). Caffeine ingestion showed a tendency to decrease RPE (P = 0.068) and improve reaction times in the Stroop (P = 0.072) and CRT (P = 0.087) tests. Caffeine supplementation showed a positive effect on perceptual parameters by increasing vigour and a tendency to decrease fatigue during intermittent running activity in female games players taking low-dose monophasic oral contraceptive steroids (OCS). 相似文献
9.
利用简式心境状态量表中国修订版,对参加2006年陕西省体育专业高考的男146名,女107名考生进行了问卷调查与分析。结果显示:大约有60.7%的考生在考前心理不健康;女性考前心境状态较男性差(P<0.05);应届考生在考前心境状态较往届考生差(P<0.05);城市考生考前整体心境状况优于农村考生(P<0.01);热爱体育型考生在考前心境状态优于寻找出路型考生(P<0.01);来自不同地区的考生在紧张、疲劳、愤怒因子间的差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05),但消极情绪纷乱总分之间的差异无显著性意义。 相似文献
10.
探讨健身气功·易筋经锻炼对大学生身心健康的影响,为高校更好的开展身心健康活动提供一些参考。研究方法:选取浙江农林大学在校大学生60人为研究对象进行健身气功·易筋经锻炼并采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)对实验前后的大学生身心健康水平进行调查与分析。研究结果:在SRHMS测试中发现经过16周锻炼后大学生的正向情绪、身体症状与负向情绪等维度得分较锻炼前具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),在健康子量表总分上,心理健康子量表总分较锻炼前具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。健身气功·易筋经能很好地改善大学生的身心健康,缓解学生学习压力,提高生活质量。 相似文献
11.
通过对田径运动员心理能量和运动性疲劳分析，得出心理能量和运动性疲劳存在一定的相关性。根据二者的相关性，运动员在比赛中进行有效的心理调控，并且加强心理方面的训练，减少比赛中心理疲劳和生理疲劳。 相似文献
12.
本文研究12名男子散打运动员在冬训时大强度训练后，运动训练对其部分免疫指标的影响，以监控运动训练．结果显示：大强度训练后，运动员CD4＋、CD4＋／CD8＋细胞比值均显著变化（P〈0．05），变化幅度可以反映运动员运动性疲劳的程度、对训练的适应及恢复情况：生化指标结合免疫学指标，进行综合分析，能够更准确地评定运动员的机能状态，监控运动训练。 相似文献
13.
Takashi Umeda Shigeyuki Nakaji Tadashi Shimoyama Youske Yamamoto Manabu Totsuka Kazuo Sugawara 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):329-338
In this study, we examined the effects of weight reduction by restricting energy intake on muscle function and serum concentrations of myogenic enzymes in judoists. Twenty-seven male judoists aged 19.3±0.6 years (mean±s) were divided into three groups based on the extent of body weight reduction: high weight reduction (height 1.70±0.05?m, body mass 78.5 ±13.6?kg), low weight reduction (height 1.70±0.05?m, body mass 80.7±13.1?kg) and a group that maintained body weight while continuing to perform exercise training (height 1.78± 0.07?m, body mass 78.7±8.8?kg). Body composition, blood biochemistry, energy intake and anaerobic power were assessed on four occasions: 20 days (baseline data), 4 days and 1 day before and 7 days after competition. Compared with baseline, body mass and fat-free mass were significantly lower 1 day before competition in the high and low weight reduction groups (both P?<0.01); these changes persisted for 7 days after competition in the high weight reduction group. Serum creatine kinase was significantly elevated 1 day before competition in all groups (all P?<0.05), and remained higher 7 days after competition in both the high and low weight reduction groups. Compared with baseline, maximal anaerobic power was significantly lower 1 day before competition only in the high weight reduction group (P?<0.01). Our results suggest that energy restriction in addition to intense exercise training before major competition has an adverse effect on anaerobic power and elevates serum creatine kinase concentration, leading to an impairment of muscular function and an increased susceptibility of muscle tissue to injury. 相似文献
14.
大强度训练对运动员NK、NKT 免疫细胞的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文研究12名男子散打运动员在冬训大强度训练后,运动训练对其部分免疫指标的影响,以监控运动训练。结果显示:大强度训练后,运动员NK、NKT细胞均显著变化(P<0.05),变化幅度可以反映运动员运动性疲劳的程度、对训练的适应及恢复情况;生化指标结合免疫学指标,进行综合分析,能够更准确地评定运动员的机能状态,监控运动训练的效果。研究结果,显示大强度运动训练作用于人体后可以代偿性地引起运动员免疫指标上升,从而使运动员的免疫力增强。 相似文献
15.
目的：探讨不同体育锻炼类型对大学生生命质量的影响,为推动高校体育教学改革,提高大学生生命质量提供参考。方法：随机抽取定西师范高等专科学校男女生各90名进行中等强度的力量和有氧耐力练习实验,采用SF-36量表进行调查分析。结果：被试18周后,大学生生命质量因子均不同程度的提高;不同性别,相同体育锻炼类型力量练习除生理功能和活力因子发生显著性变化外（P〈0．05）,其它因子变化均不明显;有氧耐力练习除生理功能、躯体疼痛、精神健康因子发生显著性变化外（P〈0．05）,其它因子变化均不明;相同性别,不同体育锻炼类型男生在社会功能、活力、精神健康因子有方差显著性差异（P〈0．05）;女子在生理功能、社会功能因子有方差显著性差异（P〈0．05）,在活力、精神健康因子有方差极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：有氧耐力练习比力量练习更能提高大学生的生命质量。 相似文献
16.
17.
目的:检验间歇和持续有氧运动对中老年2型糖尿病患者的干预效果,从而提供较为科学合理的运动处方。方法:通过Web of science、PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、SportDiscus、中国知网(CNKI)、万方等中外文数据库,检索有关间歇与持续有氧运动干预中老年2型糖尿病患者的随机对照试验研究,利用Review Manager 5.3统计软件进行计量分析,包括偏倚风险评估、异质性分析、合并效应与效应大小检验和敏感性分析。结果:1)共纳入9项研究,包括297名被试;2)间歇训练与持续训练能有效改善中老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗、BMI、有氧适能和疲劳、幸福感等身心健康指标;3)两者在改善HbA1c%(P=0.04)、总胆固醇(P=0.00)、收缩压(P=0.00)和有氧适能(P=0.00)方面存在显著差异;4)15~30 min/次、3~5次/周,持续8~12周的中至高等强度间歇训练对糖化血红蛋白、收缩压和有氧适能的干预效应更优,而长于12周、5次/周、大于30 min/次的中等强度间歇训练对总胆固醇可以产生较好的干预效应。结论:间歇训练与持续训练能一定程度改善中老年2型糖尿病患者的身心健康,相较于持续训练,间歇训练能更有效降低HbA1c%、总胆固醇、收缩压、提高有氧适能,15~30 min/次、3~5次/周、持续8~12周的中等强度间歇训练是干预中老年2型糖尿病较为有效的运动处方。 相似文献
18.
目的：观察穴位敷贴缓解运动性疲劳的效果及对运动成绩的影响。方法：将20名足球运动员随机分为穴位敷贴组和空白对照组,穴位敷贴组采用药物贴对受试者神阙穴、气海穴、足三里穴进行敷贴,对照组采用安慰贴对受试者上述穴位进行敷贴。对两组受试者进行主观感觉疲劳程度评分（RPE）、运动心情评价（POMS）、情绪状态总估价（TMD）;检测受试者血乳酸和血氨浓度;记录受试者8 00 m全力跑成绩。结果：穴位敷贴可减轻受试者主观疲劳感觉,与治疗前相比,显著降低RPE值（P〈0.01）;穴位敷贴可缓解运动员因疲劳而产生的消极情绪,降低TMD分值,与治疗前相比有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。穴位敷贴可升高运动后4 min机体血乳酸（P〈0.05）和血氨浓度（P〈0.05）,降低运动后20 min机体血乳酸（P〈0.05）及血氨浓度（P〈0.05）,显著提高受试者8 00 m跑成绩（P〈0.01）。结论：穴位敷贴可减轻运动员的主观疲劳感觉,缓解运动员因运动疲劳而产生的消极情绪,促进运动员机体内血乳酸和血氨的代谢,提高运动员耐缺氧能力,进而缓解运动性疲劳临床症状,促进运动性疲劳的恢复,提高运动成绩。 相似文献
19.
Walker GJ Dziubak A Houghton L Prendergast C Lim L Bishop NC 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(6):611-619
Following fixed-duration exercise of submaximal intensity, caffeine ingestion is associated with an attenuation of the exercise-induced decline in N-formyl-methionyl-phenyl-alanine (f-MLP) stimulated neutrophil oxidative burst. However, the response following high-intensity exhaustive exercise is unknown. Nine endurance-trained male cyclists ingested 6 mg caffeine or placebo per kilogram of body mass 60 min before cycling for 90 min at 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and then performing a time-trial requiring an energy expenditure equivalent to 30 min cycling at 70% maximum power output. Time-trial performance was 4% faster in the caffeine than in the placebo trial (P = 0.043). Caffeine was associated with an increased plasma adrenaline concentration after 90 min of exercise (P = 0.046) and immediately after the time-trial (P = 0.02). Caffeine was also associated with an increased serum caffeine concentration (P < 0.01) after 90 min of exercise and immediately after the time-trial, as well as 1 h after the time-trial. However, the f-MLP-stimulated neutrophil oxidative burst response fell after exercise in both trials (P = 0.002). There was no effect of caffeine on circulating leukocyte or neutrophil counts, but the lymphocyte count was significantly lower on caffeine (20%) after the time-trial (P = 0.003). Our results suggest that high-intensity exhaustive exercise negates the attenuation of the exercise-induced decrease in neutrophil oxidative burst responses previously observed when caffeine is ingested before exercise of fixed duration and intensity. This may be associated with the greater increase in adrenaline concentration observed in the present study. 相似文献
20.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):183-190
Abstract In this study, we investigated the effect of 1- and 3-week tapering periods on concentrations of plasma testosterone (T), cortisol (C), T/C ratio, mood state, and performance in elite male cyclists. After 8 weeks of progressive training, cyclists were randomly assigned to a control group (n=12) who continued performing intense training for a further 3 weeks, or a taper group (n=12) who continued with a 50% reduction in training volume. Blood testosterone and cortisol concentrations were assayed and the T/C ratio calculated from analysis obtained via standard ELISA. Mood state was determined using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. All data were collected immediately after a 40-km time-trial performed before, during, and after the 8-week training protocol and after the 1- and 3-week tapering/training periods. In the taper group, 40-km time-trial time decreased significantly (P<0.01) and equally for both the 1- and 3-week taper periods relative to the control group. There were significant elevations in T/C ratio (P<0.001) and reductions in cortisol concentrations and POMS scores in the taper group relative to the control groups at the end of both the 1- and 3-week tapering periods. Hence, taper periods are effective in improving performance and mood state and elevating the blood T/C ratio. 相似文献