共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
校车管理的完善与否与校车的安全密切相关.作为世界上校车制度极其完备的国家之一,美国的校车主要通过联邦政府、州政府、地方学区进行层级管理,各级政府权责分明,管理内容涉及校车的政策法规、校车经费、校车交通安全以及有关校车的各种培训项目.此外,非政府组织在校车管理中发挥着重要的协助作用.我国在完善校车管理体系过程中亦应明确各级政府的职责、统筹规划校车的管理. 相似文献
2.
美国中小学校车制度及其对我国的启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
美国是当前世界上校车服务最系统、最安全、最专业的国家之一。美国的中小学校车制度是义务教育的重要组成部分,其校车制度有着一百余年的发展历史以及相对完善的设计标准和管理规章。随着学校(学区)布局的变化和调整,美国中小学校车制度不断发展与完善。与此同时,经济成本增长过快、对农村学生及社会经济地位较低学生的生活与学业产生不良影响等问题也相继出现。美国中小学校车制度的经验与面临的问题,对我国农村校车制度具有重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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新西兰的校车由国家集中管理,教育部负责挑选合格的校车运营商提供校车服务,并将校车纳入公交运输系统中。政府坚持实施"立足全体"的校车资助政策,针对不同学校及学生给予不同金额的资助。除了有完善的交通法规和严格的交通执法作为校车安全的保障措施外,新西兰还特别对校车安全运营的标准和合格司机的选拔标准做出了详细的规定。此外,新西兰警察局特别出台了"青少年道路安全教育计划",加强对学生的交通安全教育。 相似文献
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校车是义务教育阶段农村学生往返学校及家庭的主要交通工具.目前国内校车安全管理工作普遍存在安全乘车意识不足、管理体制不健全、责任划分不明确、资金投入不足等问题.针对这些主要问题,校车安全管理应从学校、家庭、校车承运方、政府、社会等各方面着手,扩大教育、宣传、培训力度,提高校车安全管理各方主体的安全乘车意识;健全校车安全管理体制,明确校车安全管理过程中各阶层的责任划分;将校车安全管理资金纳入地方政府财政,统筹优化运营模式,加大资金投入,保证校车的平稳、可持续运行. 相似文献
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对湖北省G县的校车现状进行调查的结果表明,对于校车问题,存在着政府、学校和家长之间的三方博弈。学生对于校车的需求、校车车况、路况和从业人员的素质都对校车安全工程建设产生了巨大影响。加强校车安全管理,应加大财政投入,中央政府要切实拨付校车专款,地方政府要积极配合;尽快完善管理条例细则,明确校车事故责任主体;管理协调好社会营运车辆。 相似文献
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美国校车历史悠久,管理政策健全完善,在乘坐校车人员资格、校车相关人员的责任与义务、校车应急演习、学生行为规则、应对特殊情况等方面进行管理,提高了校车的安全性,为我国校车的管理提供了启示与借鉴。 相似文献
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农村学校布局调整后学生上学距离变远,为了解决这一问题,产生了是"提供校车服务"还是"发展寄宿制学校"的两难选择。从成本、安全、教育等几个方面综合考虑,发展寄宿制学校是更好的选择。地方政府要继续把就近入学和发展寄宿制学校作为未来农村学校布局调整的主方向,不能盲目地不考虑实际地发展校车系统。 相似文献
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为保障校车安全,学校应加强对学生及其监护人、校车驾驶人和随车照管人员的校车安全教育,要教育学生安全等车、文明乘车,教育学生监护人帮助孩子安全、按时上下学,教育校车驾驶人牢记校车驾驶的禁止性规定,教育随车照管人员避免将学生遗留在校车上。 相似文献
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校车安全管理的缺失是造成乘车学生交通安全事故频发的主要原因。合理构建校车管理支持网络、保障校车安全应成为整体性政府的一项重要职责。通过对校车管理现状的审视可以发现,政府管理的碎片化是校车管理中存在的主要问题。为此,借鉴整体性政府治理模式可以为校车的治理提供政策制定的标准机制,政策执行的协调机制、信任机制、承诺机制和监控机制。 相似文献
11.
《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(3):96-125
In 2004, over 300 school districts in Texas challenged the constitutionality of the Texas system of school finance. In West Orange-Cove et al. v. Neeley et al., the plaintiffs argued that because most school districts were at or near a state-imposed property tax rate ceiling and because the share of state education funding was declining, most school districts had inadequate funds to satisfy the student performance standards mandated by the Texas Educational Accountability system. To address the empirical question of whether school districts have insufficient resources to meet the state's accountability standards, two cost function analyses were conducted. One study, entered into evidence by the state of Texas, reached the conclusion that "in aggregate, the level of education funding in Texas is more than sufficient to meet performance goals consistent with the state's accountability system." The other study, entered into evidence by the plaintiff school districts, concluded that, in aggregate, Texas school districts would need at least $2 billion in additional revenue to satisfy the requirements of the accountability system. In this article we describe the methodological similarities and differences between the two cost function studies and provide an assessment of why the two studies arrive at such different results. Based on the outcome of the case in district court-a victory for the plaintiffs-the article draws some lessons about the use of statistical-based models in a judicial setting. 相似文献
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Most states have adopted assessment and accountability systems that involve common measures of student performance. A state assessment system that allows school districts to choose the specific strategies they use to measure student performance on state-adopted content standards presents a unique state accountability challenge. The authors propose an accountability model that addresses this challenge using a combination of student performance, technical quality, and noncognitive indicators of performance. They also describe a study that evaluated the proposed model using data from all school districts in a southern state. 相似文献
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张伟 《宜宾师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(1):56-60
公共汽车是近代产生的新的公共交通工具.重庆是内陆地区公共汽车事业发展最早的地区之一.战时,由于人口的内迁和城市规模的扩大,重庆的公共汽车事业逐渐发展起来.山城的特殊地形加上抗战这一特殊的历史背景,重庆这一时期的公共汽车事业发展独具大中院校间开设特约校车、最早形成较为完整的城市公共交通网以及跳过有轨电车直接发展到公共汽车的跨越式发展的特点. 相似文献
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Jackson E. Towne 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(2):73-76
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) requires states to test specified subjects and grades, to establish minimum performance standards for students, schools and school districts, and to provide assistance and impose sanctions on schools and districts that do not meet performance goals as a condition of receiving federal aid. NCLB builds on earlier federal and state education reform initiatives, and its success depends on the willingness and capacity of states and localities to enact its more stringent provisions. This article examines challenges facing states as they implement the new law and concludes that most lack the human and fiscal resources to support school improvement. 相似文献
15.
CHEN Jing-yi 《江苏教育研究》2008,(21)
本文从机制设计理论的视角分析城市义务教育的均衡发展问题。首先以三组实证数据鲜明地揭示了城市义务教育区(县)间、学校间和群体间不均衡的现实状况。然后从现存体制中追寻造成不均衡的原因,并针对性地提出政府保证底线公平,兼容市场机制,市级政府统筹的改革思路。根据机制设计原理,具体设计了城市义务教育均衡推进的实施机制,包括市政府制定办学基准,客观核定经费缺口和公式化拨款,建立多方激励相容机制,由优质学校带动薄弱学校发展,以及将均衡纳入政绩考核等。 相似文献
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本文从机制设计理论的视角分析城市义务教育的均衡发展问题。首先以三组实证数据鲜明地揭示了城市义务教育区（县）间、学校间和群体间不均衡的现实状况。然后从现存体制中追寻造成不均衡的原因,并针对性地提出政府保证底线公平,兼容市场机制,市级政府统筹的改革思路。根据机制设计原理,具体设计了城市义务教育均衡推进的实施机制,包括市政府制定办学基准,客观核定经费缺口和公式化拨款,建立多方激励相容机制,由优质学校带动薄弱学校发展,以及将均衡纳入政绩考核等。 相似文献
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This study investigated the prevalence and practices of contract school psychological services in public schools. A survey was sent to all 121 school districts in a southeastern state, with 111 surveys completed for a response rate of 92%. Results indicated that most school districts did not believe that contracting is cost effective. The primary service provided by contractual service providers was triennial reevaluations. The administrator most often charged with the hiring and supervision of contract providers was not a school psychologist. The credential most often required of a contracting psychologist was a State Board of Psychology license, with only a few requiring documentation of relevant coursework or experience. The results of this study indicated that the most pressing concern for the profession of school psychology regarding contractual services is ensuring that contract services are provided and monitored according to appropriate standards of practice. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Kenneth J. Tewel 《The Urban Review》1991,23(4):217-229
It started in New Jersey in 1988 when the state's department of education took over the Jersey City Public Schools. At the time of the Jersey City takeover, the school system was, by all accounts, among the worst in the Garden State. Now takeover legislation is on the books in nine states, and legislation is pending elsewhere. Does handing over the reins—after a lengthy monitoring process—lead to significant improvements in student achievement and school system operation? In short, is takeover an effective means of school reform? This article traces the three-year road leading to state takeover in Jersey City and questions the wisdom of New Jersey's aproach in failing districts. 相似文献
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分析了描述泉州市区公共交通发展的现状,指出泉州市区公共交通在公交基础配套设施、公交出行分担率、城市路网建设、市民文明交通行为等方面存在的问题,并建议通过加快公交场站建设、构建立体综合交通体系、改善公交服务水平等方式促进泉州市区公共交通的发展. 相似文献