共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 890 毫秒
1.
2.
社群主义把社群作为分析和解释问题的核心理念,强调个人离不开社群,社群对于个人具有优先性。社群主义以社会本原取代新自由主义的个体本原,这对批评个人主义起到一定作用,然而对于社群的抽象化理解,使其在解决西方现代性危机的问题上陷入了理论和现实的困境。马克思主义哲学从人的社会生产实践活动出发,对个人与社会的关系作出了科学的解释,这对于我们辩证地分析社群主义的相关问题具有重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
社群主义与自由主义就正义问题展开了激烈的争论:社群主义深刻地批判了自由主义的个人主义哲学基础,认为个人不能脱离社群;批判了正义优先性的观点,认为正义不能独立于善;批判了普遍性的观点,认为正义不是超历史的;建构了以社群观为核心的政治哲学,认为个人的德性应该接受社群善的引导。社群主义对自由主义形成了很大的冲击,但从目前的趋势看不会动摇自由主义的主导地位,同时我们也得看到社群主义的不足。 相似文献
4.
作为对自由主义的批判,社群主义主张道德优先于权利,倡导基于道德的正义,淡化单子式个人的权利,增强社群的共同利益。它批判自由主义教育公正的不平等,认为教育公正需要以仁爱和德性为前提,达成社群内部的公意,进而实现社群成员的平等。 相似文献
5.
社群主义认为,社群才具有对个人的优先地位。马克思主义哲学立足于人的社会生产实践活动,从相互映照、相互追问中理解个人和社会,对个人与社会的关系做出了新的、科学的理解。因而,运用马克思主义哲学观点对社群主义进行批判地分析,既可以加深我们对社群主义的深刻理解,又可以吸纳社群思想的合理内核于自身,这对马克思主义哲学的丰富和发展将不无益处。 相似文献
6.
史军 《阿坝师范高等专科学校学报》2007,24(1):18-20,77
政府在对流行病的防控中为了公共的健康难免会对个人的自由、隐私等权利有所侵犯,这种侵犯产生了个人权利与公共健康这种公共善之间的紧张。个人权利与公共善之间的冲突不仅是流行病防控中伦理问题的核心,而且也是政治伦理中自由主义与社群主义争论的焦点,因此,可以将流行病防控问题放置于政治伦理的视域中进行研究。自由主义把个人权利放在最优先的地位,强调权利对善的优先性,这种个人权利优先理论不利于流行病危机的解决。而社群主义的目标是公共善,认为公共善优先于个人权利,这与流行病防控的目标不谋而合,因此社群主义可以为流行病防控提供伦理基础。 相似文献
7.
《佳木斯教育学院学报》2017,(7)
社群主义认为个人是社群的一部分,其自我以及属性由其所在的社群所塑造,个人脱离不开社群而单独存在。而自由主义则认为自我是一种优先性的自我,先于社会并独立于其目的而存在,在社群主义看来,这是一种超验和形而上学的自我观,共同体先于自我而存在,并不是自我的构成要素。 相似文献
8.
20世纪90年代以来社群主义研究述评 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
20世纪90年代以来，社群主义思想已在政治学、哲学、社会学、伦理学等领域产生了深远影响，其理论也从欧美开始向全球范围内广泛传播，并已在实践中逐渐发挥作用。我国学者正是在这一时期开始关注这一思潮的。社群主义提倡社群优先于个人、公共利益优先于正义，对当代自由主义的个人至上价值观、相对正义观、中立国家观进行了尖锐的批判。当前，社群主义研究已取得突出成果，但尚有许多问题有待深入研究。 相似文献
9.
社群主义公民教育思想是20世纪80年代以来美国社会极为引人注目的现象,其兴起和发展与当时的社会政治经济状况有着直接的必然联系。作为一种意识形态,社群主义公民教育思想对新自由主义的公民教育主张提出了严肃批判,促使美国人重新思考国家的现实和未来。作为一种社会实践,社群主义公民教育思想提倡价值认同、公民参与和德行养成,其主张对美国社会政治产生了广泛而深远的影响,成为指导目前美国公民教育实践的一种主要思想。 相似文献
10.
作为西方资本主义意识形态总汇的个人主义,它渗透在社会经济、政治、文化及社会生活的各个层面,广泛地影响着人们日常的思想观念和行为方式。其理论自身的内在矛盾及对社会生活带来的消极影响和弊端亦招致众多批评乃至批判,社群主义是对个人主义价值观念批判最为严厉和最为深入的一个理论流派。社群主义认为,个人主义使得自我与社会产生了疏离感,导致社群生活的衰落和诸多社会病症,并基于此对个人主义自我观、消极自由思想、原子主义等观念进行了深入批判。社群主义的批判虽然并没有动摇个人主义的基本立场,但迫使个人主义进行积极回应,并不断在理论和实践层面进行自我修正。 相似文献
11.
社群主义理论为我们在中国语境下审视教育政策的正义性提供了新的视角。在社群主义的理论视野里,正义的教育政策既要保障教育资源的自主与公平分配,还要引导社群走向公共的善。正义是社群成员的共识,公民积极参与政策制定是正义的教育政策生成的必由之路。 相似文献
12.
Huey-li Li 《Educational theory》2005,55(1):23-44
In this paper, I first examine the three justifications most often provided for differentiating, discounting, or even disclaiming the present generation's moral responsibility to future generations. I then discuss ideological critiques of, and educational solutions to, the complicity of formal educational institutions in propagating these justifications. Finally, I inquire into the ethical postulates by which prefigurative democratic civic and citizenship education could facilitate civic engagement in deliberating about intergenerational relations. I argue that, by challenging such hegemonic cultural values as atomistic individualism, contractual social relations, the pursuit of progress, and the sharp division between ethics and epistemology, prefigurative civic education serves as the first step toward egalitarian intergenerational relations. 相似文献
13.
“服务学习”（SL）与负责任公民的培养——美国学校公民教育中“服务学习”方法的运用及其启示 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
服务学习(SL)是一种建立在经验学习理论基础上，将课程学习与社区服务相结合的教育方法。20世纪90年代以来，服务学习在公民教育中发挥的积极作用得到越来越多的学者的认同，成为美国公民教育领域的焦点话题。文章简要介绍了服务学习的概念、服务学习在美国公民教育中的运用和作用，以及服务学习对我国公民教育的重要借鉴意义和参考价值。 相似文献
14.
《理想国》是柏拉图思想成熟期的代表作。古希腊城邦既是政治共同体、伦理共同体,又是教育共同体。柏拉图教育思想的出发点和归宿都是城邦的公民教育,而公民教育的目的在于培养具有正义德性的公民。以正义与灵魂为线索,就柏拉图公民教育理论及其相关内容进行一些梳理和探讨。 相似文献
15.
Jacqueline Witschge Herman G. van de Werfhorst 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2016,27(3):367-384
In this paper, the relation between the standardization of civic education and the inequality of civic engagement is examined. Using data from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009 among early adolescents and Eurydice country-level data, three-level analysis and variance function regression are applied to examine whether there is a relation between measures of civic education standardization and inequality in three dimensions of civic engagement: civic knowledge, interest in social and political issues, and participation in the community. Inequality is conceptualized as differences in students’ civic engagement between schools and the association between social origin and civic engagement. The results demonstrate that accountability is associated with more inequality in civic knowledge, whereas centralization is associated with less inequality in non-cognitive civic engagement. 相似文献
16.
Made Yudhi Setiani 《Distance Education》2015,36(3):351-363
This study focused on the civic education course at Universitas Terbuka (UT). Its purpose was to design a new approach for the online tutorial for the course by analyzing the literature related to online and distance education and investigating participant feedback on the current offering of the course and tutorial, which is a compulsory course in all programs at UT. The study draws from the community of inquiry framework, which promotes a social constructivist approach as well as teaching about democracy by example. This model is intended to create meaningful learning experiences for students in a reformulated civic education course, in which they would learn to think critically through interacting with classmates, experiencing collaborative learning, and supporting fellow students in learning activities and processes. In this model, learning is seen as occurring within the community through the interaction of social presence, cognitive presence, and teaching presence where, students are able to develop civic competences, namely civic knowledge, civic skills, and civic dispositions, as well as experience a democratic interaction that forms the core of civic interactions in a democratic society. 相似文献
17.
Mary Prentice 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(11):842-854
Higher education has been called upon to prepare its graduates to be civically engaged community members. Since the 1980s, faculty have taken up this call. Service learning is a common strategy that educators have adopted to stimulate civic engagement in students. In this study, service learning students and nonservice learning students from eight community colleges were given precourse and postcourse surveys on civic engagement. Results revealed a statistically significant increase in service learners’ civic engagement when compared to nonservice learners. The findings are consistent with other higher education studies that use an expanded definition of civic engagement. 相似文献
18.
A growing body of literature on community gardening, watershed restoration, and similar ‘civic ecology’ practices suggests avenues for integrating social and ecological outcomes in urban natural resources management. In this paper, we argue that an environmental education programme in which learning is situated in civic ecology practices also has the potential to address both community and environmental goals. Further, we suggest that civic ecology practices and related environmental education programmes may foster resilience in urban social‐ecological systems, through enhancing biological diversity and ecosystem services, and through incorporating diverse forms of knowledge and participatory processes in resource management. By proposing interrelationships among natural resources management, environmental education, and social‐ecological systems, we hope to open up discussion of a research agenda focusing on the role of environmental education in systems processes and resilience. 相似文献
19.
David E. Campbell 《Peabody Journal of Education》2019,94(1):32-47
Historically there has been a relative dearth of social science research into civic education—even in political science, a discipline that had civic education as one of its founding objectives. This is partly due to the mistaken impression that civics instruction has no effect on civic and political participation, a conclusion that was once conventional wisdom but has since been refuted. More and more evidence has accumulated that well-designed civic education—both formal and informal—has meaningful, long-lasting effects on the civic engagement of young people. Existing research finds four aspects of schooling that affect civic learning and engagement: classroom instruction, extracurricular activities, service learning, and a school’s ethos. Furthermore, state-level civics exams can positively affect knowledge about politics and government. The unifying theme that arises from this burgeoning literature is that effective civic education can compensate for a dearth of civic resources in the home and community. However, the renaissance of research into civic education is only just beginning, as more needs to be done. The existing data are too limited, and randomized studies are rare. Truly advancing our understanding of civic education will require a large-scale, multi-method, interdisciplinary effort. 相似文献