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浙、苏、沪软件产业发展政策的比较分析——兼谈浙江省软件产业发展的政策建议 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文运用Rothwell和Zegveld的技术创新政策工具,对浙江、上海、江苏三地政府颁布的<关于鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展若干政策的通知>的种类和数量进行了归类、分析和对比,并由此对浙江省的软件产业发展提出一些政策建议. 相似文献
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利用1990-2012年中国和俄罗斯425条技术创新政策构建数据库,从政策目标、政策工具和政策执行三个方面选取20个政策变量进行政策全景描述,运用二元logistic回归方法比较四个时间段以及全阶段下中俄技术创新政策演进差异。研究发现:技术创新政策目标方面,中国更关注技术开发、技术出口和科技成果转化,俄罗斯则更强调技术引进和消化吸收;技术创新政策工具方面,俄罗斯在多种政策工具的使用上显著多于中国;技术创新政策执行方面,两国政策颁布机构级别不同,且俄罗斯颁布了更多法律形式的技术创新政策。 相似文献
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《科学学与科学技术管理》2015,(10)
基于中国和印度1990—2012年颁布的435条技术创新政策,运用二元Logistic分析方法从政策目标、政策工具和政策执行三个方面选取23个政策变量科学比较中印技术创新政策在各分阶段和全阶段的演进差异。研究表明:两国各阶段的政策目标、工具和执行的差异各有不同,总体上来讲,中国的技术创新政策目标更强调知识的增加,印度更强调知识的水平扩散;中国的技术创新政策工具更强调对企业的供给,而印度的政策更强调对市场的保护和刺激;印度的技术创新政策较中国持续性较长。 相似文献
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政策工具在民营企业技术创新全过程中发挥关键作用。本文从企业获得感出发,通过248家民营企业的问卷调查,研究技术创新政策工具对民营企业创新发展的重要性。研究发现,从政策工具分类来看,环境面政策工具、需求面政策工具对民营企业创新发展重要性高于供给面政策工具;从政策类别来看,人才供给、营商环境类别政策的重要性最高;从政策内容来看,人才、资金政策在供给面政策工具中的重要性最高,营商环境政策在环境面政策工具中的重要性最高,市场开拓政策在需求面政策工具中的重要性最高。最后提出三点建议,包括从企业获得感出发提升技术创新政策工具的精准性、发挥技术创新政策工具动力作用推动企业转型升级、注重培育优越的创新发展环境等。 相似文献
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技术创新政策分析与工具选择 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着全球科技革命的加速,高技术竞争全面加剧。创新过程中的市场失灵使其从过去的一种单纯的企业行为发展成为今天的宏观化行为,成为以政府支持为主导力量的社会化行为。由于技术创新是一个动态的过程,政策系统应该具有足够的灵活性以应对各种迅速变化的可能性。文章通过对不同的技术创新政策及其工具手段进行研究,探讨在技术创新的不同环节和层面多种政策工具的选择与配合,以充分发挥政策支持作用。 相似文献
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运用政策内容分析法,对我国当前分散的共性技术创新政策文本进行了系统化梳理,通过构建共性技术创新政策分析框架,揭示了我国共性技术创新政策的基本特征。研究发现,我国共性技术创新政策偏向于对环境型和供给型政策工具的应用,而对需求型政策工具的应用存在不足与缺失;创新政策虽对三大产业均有涉及,尤其对战略性新兴产业给予了较高重视,但政策的产业导向并不突出;与国外相关政策相比,我国共性技术政策支持的重心下移,侧重于对应用性共性技术层面的引导支持。 相似文献
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索菲亚.安蒂波里斯是欧洲最具战略地位的科技园区,已发展成为欧洲的“电信谷”。基于“社会技术”分层思想,从产业模式、政策法规和社会气质三个层面研究索菲亚转型发展中的社会技术创新及其作用机制。索菲亚园区转型发展中,形成了以“园区品牌”与“地方性生产网络”建构为代表的产业模式层面社会技术创新;以“中小企业促进政策”与“产业集群发展动议”为代表的政策法规层面社会技术创新;以“分权化”为标志的自由民主社会气质的塑造。 相似文献
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区域技术创新体系中的市场失灵与政府政策选择的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文从研究区域技术创新各个环节中的“市场失灵”出发，致力于政府相关区域技术创新政策选择的研究。本文首先基于市场和政府在区域技术创新体系中的不同作用机制，提出了一个基于政府和市场双重作用的区域技术创新理论模型。在这一模型框架下，进一步以新古典经济学派关于“市场失灵”的假定为基本的分析依据，并参照新熊彼特学派的技术创新理论，以技术创新中的各个创新过程为分析对象，对各个技术创新环节中的“市场失灵”进行判断和分析，由此导出政府相应的政策工具选择。以此为依据，分析得出一个政府应对技术创新过程中“市场失灵”的政策框架。最后，本文结合深圳、无锡、宁波、东莞这四个“国家火炬创新试验城市”现有的技术创新政策工具，对本文分析得出的政策框架进行了实证分析和验证。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献