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1.
This paper extends and develops the metaphor of scaffolding to take account of the specific needs of pupils with an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), drawing on observational evidence gathered for an empirical enquiry into the learning of pupils with ABI in mainstream classroom conditions. This is an area in which there are few published studies to date. After considering the needs of this particular group of pupils, the development of the scaffolding metaphor is outlined. The use of scaffolding for a group of pupils with ABI is illustrated and the need for modifications discussed, before suggesting the acronym PEDER (Point out, Explain, Demonstrate, Encourage, Repeat) to focus on the particular needs of this group. However, in practice, this acronym has been found to assist a wider group than just pupils with an ABI. 相似文献
2.
马漪云 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2011,4(3):80-83
本文简单介绍了有声思维的起源及其主要特征,并在与其它测试方法比较的基础上,总结了有声思维的优点和缺点。同时进一步探讨了有声思维在英语阅读、写作、翻译等领域的应用有声思维是一种适合于语言学研究的测试方法,在二语写作过程和翻译评估研究中有着很好的应用前景。 相似文献
3.
Sin A. Rees 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2016,16(3):147-155
Certain groups of pupils who have sustained an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) have a different pattern of attention within the classroom which interferes with learning and social interactions. The delineation of these groups is suggested. By looking in detail at the classroom behaviour of eight pupils, a common account for classroom behaviour post‐ABI is questioned, and an alternative explanation put forward. Practical ways to promote learning for this group are explored. 相似文献
4.
Brenda Shute 《教育心理学》1999,19(2):221-233
ABSTRACT A total of 16 British fathers were audiotaped reading aloud to and conversing with their children aged 1 to 3 years (A‐C speech or ‘fatherese'), and with an adult (A‐A speech). Data concerning vocal pitch (indicated by fundamental frequency Fo) and rate of speech were extracted from the audiotapes of the fathers’ speech. It was found that fathers’ A‐C speech relative to their A‐A speech was characterised by significantly higher Fo mode in both discourse forms, and also by significantly higher Fo mean in conversational speech (only). The variability of Fo was not altered in fatherese speech, but the time taken to read aloud a written extract was significantly greater. Wide individual variation was evident in the extent of both the Fo and temporal modifications of fatherese speech. British fatherese speech was found to be characterised by a different combination of prosodic modifications when compared with British motherese speech. 相似文献
5.
顾红标 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008,37(2):102-105
针对目前小学语文教学中,长期存在的不重视培养学生问题意识的现状进行分析,在此基础上,指出培养小学生问题意识的重要性。文章着重提出了可供具体操作的教学策略：融洽师生关系,使学生敢问;改变教学思想和教学策略,让学生想问;指导质疑方法,使学生会问。探究在教学的过程中,使学生发现有价值、有意义的问题,然后进行积极的思维,通过实践、努力,最终解决问题,从而激发学生的潜能,提高小学语文教学效率。 相似文献
6.
Sarah Heneker 《British Journal of Special Education》2005,32(2):86-91
Current research highlights the prevalence of potentially undetected communication difficulties, often associated with major difficulties in literacy and learning, among pupils identified as having behavioural, emotional and social difficulties (BESD). In this article, Sarah Heneker, who is a speech and language therapist working mainly with adults with learning disabilities in a Primary Care Trust in Surrey, reports on a pilot project that provided speech and language therapy to a group of pupils in a pupil referral unit (PRU). The research involved formal assessment of 11 pupils aged between five and 11 years. These assessments confirmed that ten out of the 11 pupils experienced some degree of difficulty in communication. Six of these pupils, whose significant difficulties warranted the intervention, were offered speech and language therapy for one term. All these pupils made progress in the areas targeted for intervention and gained confidence generally in their communication. The pupils who worked on word knowledge made the greatest measurable progress. Sarah Heneker reports on these and other benefits to the pupils involved and reveals that the success of her pilot project has led directly to a sustained programme of speech and language therapy input for the pupils in this PRU. This may be a response that education providers in other localities will wish to emulate. 相似文献
7.
Katarina Eriksson 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(4):391-408
The syllabus for mother tongue teaching in Sweden states that an essential goal is that pupils, in conversation with others, should be able to express feelings and thoughts evoked by literature. The present paper addresses how schools try to promote pupils' reading, examining authentic school-run booktalk conversations from a discursive approach. The data consists of video-recorded sessions with small groups of pupils in Grades 4-7. A series of booktalk dilemmas were identified. The so-called book clubs studied were aimed at promoting reading for pleasure. Yet, literary practices were, at times, transformed into calculating tasks, vocabulary lessons or reading aloud exercises. Another complication concerned the synchronising of the pupils' reading, which led to extensive negotiations on the part of teacher and pupils. 相似文献
8.
Y.H. Raymond Lam Shek Kam TseJoseph W.I. Lam Elizabeth K.Y. Loh 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2010
A study of 148 primary school teachers and 4867 Grade 4 pupils in Hong Kong found no support for the proposal that boys learn to read better when taught by men teachers. In fact, it was found that both boys and girls learnt better when taught by women. Responses to a teacher questionnaire indicate significant differences in the preferred patterns of teaching favoured by male and female teachers. Responses from men teachers suggest they are more authoritarian, prefer to control pupils' learning, engage pupils in whole-class reading and like to read passages aloud while pupils follow the text. Responses from women teachers suggest they prefer to teach reading in groups, to group pupils according to reading ability, set tasks that suit pupils' stage of learning, allocate more time for pupils to read books and use the school library and encourage pupils to discover for themselves the meaning of new vocabulary encountered in text. The implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
9.
A group of 21 hard-of-hearing and deaf children attending primary school were trained by their teachers on the production of selected consonants and on the meanings of selected words. Speech production, vocabulary knowledge, reading aloud, and speech perception measures were obtained before and after each type of training. The speech production training produced a small but significant improvement in the percentage of consonants correctly produced in words. The vocabulary training improved knowledge of word meanings substantially. Performance on speech perception and reading aloud were significantly improved by both types of training. These results were in accord with the predictions of a mathematical model put forward to describe the relationships between speech perception, speech production, and language measures in children (Paatsch, Blamey, Sarant, Martin, & Bow, 2004). These training data demonstrate that the relationships between the measures are causal. In other words, improvements in speech production and vocabulary performance produced by training will carry over into predictable improvements in speech perception and reading scores. Furthermore, the model will help educators identify the most effective methods of improving receptive and expressive spoken language for individual children who are deaf or hard of hearing. 相似文献
10.
This study investigates the effects of a thinking skills approach on the on task rates of pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN). There were three situations: two experimental and one controlled. The experimental situations compared on task rates of 19 primary-aged pupils with SEN in thinking skills (TS) and non-thinking skills (XTS) lessons. These same 19 pupils' on task rates were then compared to the 19 different pupils with SEN in the control situation (CON). The study found that pupils with SEN had significantly higher on task rates in thinking skills lessons compared to the non-thinking skills lessons and pupils with SEN in the control situation. This study also found that pupils' on task rate was directly proportional to the level of thinking skills content in a lesson. In addition it was found that pupils in thinking skills lessons spent significantly more time working collaboratively. 相似文献
11.
诵读使人们在感知言语声音形态的同时,实现对文本的感悟理解。文本的文字结构和意义结构为读者提供了转化为有声言语的基础和空间。文本的声音形态是读者与文本相互对象化的产物。诵读是在读者与文本的对话中进行的,读者将文本转化为有声言语的过程其实是一种探究的过程。需要全面发挥诵读的理解、表意、益智的功能。优化诵读,可采取注重主体性、整体性、层次性和可操作性等策略。 相似文献
12.
杨梅 《课程.教材.教法》2012,(6):64-69
历史一直是社会科课程重要的学习领域之一。在品德与社会教科书中,如何结合小学生的认知规律和思维水平,开展有效的历史学习并培养他们的历史思维能力,是教科书编写的难点。在以儿童的社会生活为主线的指导下,现有教科书尝试淡化历史学科体系的痕迹,倡导主题式的呈现方式。这种尝试在增进学生对历史的了解时,也存在着时序不清晰等问题。基于此,教科书历史内容的编写应突出时间顺序,增强对学生历史思维能力尤其是时序思维能力的培养。 相似文献
13.
英语学习必须重视朗读,因为坚持不懈的朗读可以使学习者形成正确的语音语调,同时朗读也可以锻炼学习者的阅读、思维和听说的能力,对学习者的书面表达能力也会产生有效的促进作用。 相似文献
14.
This paper seeks to draw parallels between different approaches to classroom instruction and two contrasting musical styles and to examine how pupils with Acquired Brain Injuries (ABI) might fare in each. A polyphonic classroom is defined as one where an awareness of multiple layers of meaning are encouraged to enhance the learning opportunities, whereas in a classical classroom most of the layers expressly support a single dominant line. While this analogy cannot be stretched too far, it is suggested that, after an ABI, a pupil might progress their learning more easily in a classical-style classroom. 相似文献
15.
The aim of the current research is to examine the ability of people to learn a computer system by exploration and to asses the efficacy of a user interface with properties that are supposed to support exploration. The study described in this paper used the think-aloud method to obtain detailed information about the goals of the user and their realization during the initial learning phase. The focus here will be on discussing the role of thinking aloud and reflection during performing complex cognitive activities. In one condition of the experiment described here an interface was used with exploration-supportive properties. In the other condition these properties were removed from the interface. Subjects (university students) solved a number of (e-mail) tasks with these interfaces, without training, and had to think aloud during the first half. After solving the tasks a knowledge test about the interface was presented. The results on the three kinds of measures (think aloud measures, task performance and performance on the knowledge test) broadly were in favor of exploration-supportive interface. In the discussion attention is paid to the positive influence of thinking aloud, probably occurring because subjects were encouraged to use the available information on screen in the exploration-supportive condition. The consequences and potential disadvantages of display-based, exploratory learning in relation to planning are also discussed. 相似文献
16.
刘艳明 《鞍山师范学院学报》2007,9(4):105-107
小学生数学思维能力的培养是小学数学教学中的一项重要内容.数学是思维的体操,发展学生思维是数学教育的灵魂.将从调动学生学习数学的积极性,促进学生积极参与思维过程;加强对学生的数学思维训练,促进学生数学思维能力的提高;加强思维方法指导,发展学生辩证思维,培养学生创造性思维能力等3个方面对如何培养小学生数学思维能力进行论述. 相似文献
17.
18.
刘刚 《伊犁教育学院学报》2006,19(2):87-90
小学生思维发展中所形成的思维类型和特征,与学校教学中教师的教学态度是有密切关系的。教师的教学态度的类型和适宜性会直接影响学生的思维类型和特征的形成与发展。 相似文献
19.
Carolyn Anderson 《British Journal of Special Education》2006,33(3):114-120
Carolyn Anderson is a speech and language therapist who is currently working as a senior lecturer at the University of Strathclyde. In this article she provides an early account of her ongoing research into communication between teachers and pupils with severe and complex learning disabilities. Video recordings were made of teacher-pupil interactions. The recordings were then analysed in terms of the numbers of turns taken by pupils and teachers; the strategies teachers and pupils used to initiate and respond in interactions; and the numbers of information carrying words teachers used with pupils with different levels of language comprehension. Carolyn Anderson's findings will help teachers who want to develop their own awareness of the role they play in communicating with pupils. This research will also support staff who are trying to encourage pupils with learning difficulties to become more actively involved in interactions and teaching and learning opportunities. 相似文献
20.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(6):223-230
AbstractThe effects of overt verbalization anti practice on problem solving ability were examined. The 100 secondary school students who served as Ss were divided into four groups: (1) those who received practice word problems and solved problems while thinking aloud, (2) those who did not practice but solved problems while thinking aloud, (3) those who practiced but did not verbalize, and (4) those who received no practice and did not verbalize. Analysis of variance revealed that neither overt verbalization nor practice significantly influenced problem solving scores. However, Ss who were required to think aloud made significantly more computational errors than those who worked without verbalizing. 相似文献