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1.
The focus of this study was to investigate how an expert teacher implemented constructivist-oriented teaching strategies to engage students'critical thinking skills in learning creative dance. The data were collected through videotaping 16 creative dance lessons taught by an expert teacher to 2 kindergarten, 2 first-grade, and 4 third-grade classes and conducting two formal interviews and several informal interviews with the teacher. In addition, one group interview was conducted with 4 kindergarten students, 4 first-grade students, and 8 third-grade students. The three salient themes were: (a) relating students' knowledge and ideas to lessons to spark dispositions, (b) encouraging and facilitating students' inquiries and creative products, and (c) engaging students' metacognition in refining the quality of dance movement.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

This study described patterns of observed and student perceived teaching behaviors directed to high and low expectancy students and determined how students attribute causes to the teaching behaviors. Eleven certified elementary classroom teachers and their second and third-grade classes served as subjects for the study. Twenty-seven high expectancy and 33 low expectancy students were identified by having the teachers rate their students in terms of expected levels of performance for the school year. Three types of teacher feedback were recorded by trained observers: a) praise/encouragement; b) skill correction; and c) corrective behavior feedback. Students were also interviewed to see whether their perceptions of the teachers' actions were consistent with the coded dyadic interactions. In addition, interviewers asked the students to describe the causes for the teacher's actions. Each cause was classified into one of four attributional categories: a) personal causes; b) teacher causes; c) environmental causes; and d) complex causes. Major differences between observed and perceived teacher praise and corrective behavior feedback were found for high and low expectancy students. Attributional data also revealed that low expectancy students tended to attribute corrective behavior feedback to personal causes much more so than high expectancy students. High expectancy students, on the other hand, were more inclined to attribute the same behavior to teacher characteristics.  相似文献   

3.
ABSTRACT

Background: Schoolchildren’s personality development is considered a central goal of physical education (PE). With regard to the relationship between psychological well-being and global self-esteem over the life course, the promotion of positive self-esteem is an issue of particular significance. Past research revealed that PE taught with an individualized teacher frame of reference (iTFR) and a reflexive teaching style is associated with positive effects on facets of children’s perceived sports competence. However, it remains an open question whether this teaching styles has the potential to promote positive self-esteem.

Purpose: The present study investigated whether a five-month teacher training, aimed to enhance the teachers’ iTFR and their reflexive teaching style in PE, has a positive effect on students’ perceived sports competence and their global self-esteem. To analyse the implementation quality, changes in students’ perceived iTFR and perceived reflexive teaching style were investigated.

Method: A total of 21 teachers were assigned to either an intervention group (n?=?13), receiving the five-month teacher training, or a control group (n?=?8) consisting of regular teaching without teacher training. The teacher training encompassed five three-hour consecutive sessions during which the teachers acquired theoretical and practical knowledge about the promotion of competence perceptions in PE with a reflexive teaching style and an iTFR. Between the sessions, the teachers were instructed to implement an iTFR and a reflexive teaching style into their own PE classes. To evaluate the effects of the teacher training, their students’ (N?=?315, 53.7% girls, Mage?=?13.2 y, SDage?=?1.3 y) perceived teaching style (iTFR and reflexive teaching), perceived sports competence and global self-esteem were measured with paper-pencil questionnaires at three measurement points (pre, post and follow-up).

Findings: Linear mixed effect models showed that students of the intervention group reported an increase in their teachers’ reflexive teaching style, but there were no changes with regard to iTFR. With regard to students’ perceived sports competence and global self-esteem, there were significant interaction effects between time and group over a period of eight months (from pre-test to follow-up), indicating positive effects on these self-concept dimensions due to the teacher training.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that a long-term teacher training supports PE teachers to implement teaching styles with the aim to promote students’ self-concept. Furthermore, the findings lead to the assumption that a more pronounced iTFR in combination with an enhanced reflexive teaching style has the potential to positively influence schoolchildren’s perceived sports competence and global self-esteem.  相似文献   

4.

There has been much criticism of how teachers are prepared to teach and physical education has not been immune from this criticism. Despite numerous efforts to improve the content and focus of teacher education programmes there is still a paucity of programme evaluation research on the efficacy of these teacher education programmes (Metzler & Tjeerdsma, 1998). This paper reports on part of a yearlong investigation on the efficacy of a graduate physical education teacher education programme to prepare teachers. The focus of this aspect of the study was to identify what attracted graduate students to pursue a teaching career and what beliefs they held about physical education teachers and teaching. This was a qualitative case study and multiple data sources were gathered to address the research questions. The data sources included interviews, analyses of the students' autobiographical statements, and observations of their teaching, critical incidents from their teaching and peer responses to critical incidents. Findings indicate that this cohort of graduate students, many embarking on a major career change, was more committed to teaching and their love for teaching children than coaching. While their own success and love of sport was a factor in their career choice, their experiences in helping young people engage in and enjoy physical activity was more significant than their desire to gain a teaching credential. They believed their role as a physical education teacher was to be a physically active role model and help students appreciate the importance of physical activity, to contribute to the development of student self-esteem, especially those sometimes marginalized in physical education classes, and to plan and teach lessons that would motivate all students to participate in class. This work is grounded in the occupational socialization literature and the findings are discussed in terms of what we know about how to maximize the impact of teacher education programmes especially when students' beliefs may not be aligned with those of the programme.  相似文献   

5.
Background: A student’s choice to engage in a learning task is highly related to the student’s environmental stimuli and his or her perception of interest. From this perspective, the construct of situational interest (SI) has been used to interpret students’ motivation in task engagement. SI is assumed to be transitory, environmentally activated, and context specific. It has been conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with five dimensions: instant enjoyment, exploration intention, attention demand, novelty, and challenge. Few prior studies have compared SI between girls and boys in physical education (PE) contexts, and these studies have offered contrasting findings. They were conducted in coeducational (coed) or single-sex contexts and used learning tasks centred on a variety of outcomes: technical or tactical skills, creativity and cultural understanding.

Purpose: In the context of the debate on single-sex and coed classes in PE, this study aimed to estimate the effects of single-sex and coed PE classes on students’ situational interest (SI) within learning tasks centred on technical skills. The researchers decided to study learning tasks centred on the development of students’ technical skills, since these tasks are often used by teachers in PE.

Participants: The sample consisted of 177 Swiss secondary school students, aged 11–17 years (M?=?14.07, SD?=?1.41, 96 boys, 81 girls).

Data collection: The students completed the French 15-item SI Scale after practising a technical learning task in single-sex and coed PE contexts. The researchers chose five physical activities (i.e. athletics, basketball, dance, gymnastics, and volleyball), which are commonly taught in the state of Vaud (Switzerland) and provide a balance between masculine and feminine activities.

Data analysis: A two-way repeated-measures MANOVA was performed to examine the main and interaction effects of student sex and class sex composition on the five SI dimensions.

Findings: The results showed a main effect of class sex composition on student SI but no main effect of student sex and no interaction effect of student sex and class sex composition. More precisely, the scores for three SI dimensions (i.e. instant enjoyment, exploration intention, and attention demand) were higher in the coed context than in the single-sex context.

Conclusions: This study encourages teachers to propose coed PE classes to enhance students’ motivation and engagement when practising learning tasks centred on technical skills. This study offers supplementary evidence of the teacher’s role in promoting student SI. Beyond accounting for students’ dispositional factors (e.g. sex), PE teachers can significantly impact students’ SI in technical learning tasks through instructional choices.  相似文献   

6.
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to describe three aspects of learning a movement approach that were salient and initially problematic for 1 experienced teacher, 2 early career teachers, and 1 student teacher. A constructivist perspective was the theoretical base. Across 3 years, the researcher conducted 11 weeks of observations, 15 formal interviews, 3 group interviews, and daily informal interviews. Three problematic aspects were: (1) knowing to what extent they should give information and tell children what to do when teaching less structured content, (2) knowing the whole of the approach and how components connected, and (3) knowing content (i.e., pedagogical content knowledge) in enough depth and detail. Knowledge development was facilitated by more experienced teachers, experience, and a set of key ideas.  相似文献   

7.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a competency-based approach to secondary student teaching in physical education. Secondary physical education student teachers (N = 7) were observed along with one class of students from each teacher's assignment during baseline and intervention conditions. Seven categories of teacher behavior and two categories of student behavior were observed with an interobserver reliability of 94%. Behaviors were observed by event and placheck recording procedures and were converted to rates per minute and percentages. These rates per minute and percentages were analyzed by behavior profiles and a multiple baseline design. Teacher behaviors included positive reactions to on-task behavior, negative reactions to off-task behavior, positive instructional feedback both general and specific, corrective instructional feedback both general and specific, and pupil contacts using the pupil's first name. The student behaviors included appropriate/inappropriate behavior and active/inactive behavior. Intervention consisted of a competency-based learning module, instructions, graphic feedback, cuing, reinforcement, weekly goals, and terminal goals. The module contained specific definitions of the behaviors, examples of when to emit the behaviors, baseline means for the behaviors, and a final, terminal goal for each behavior. Results indicated that the intervention strategy appeared to have a large positive effect on the following teacher behaviors: positive general feedback, positive specific feedback, specific corrective feedback, and the use of pupil's first names. Smaller increases occurred in the categories of positive reactions to on-task pupil behavior and general corrective feedback. A small decrease occurred in the negative reactions to off-task pupil behavior. Both categories of pupil behavior showed a small increase in the desired direction. Based on these results and the limits of the study, the data-based observation system combined with the competency-based format appeared to exert a measure of accountable control over the behavior of seven teachers and the behavior of their classes.  相似文献   

8.
Students' learning style preferences have been widely adapted into teaching and learning environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported and assessed learning style preferences (visual, auditory, reading/writing, kinesthetic: VARK) on performance in different types of multiple-choice examinations (T1: text only format and T2: visual format) given in an introductory biomechanics class. Students who enrolled in three biomechanics classes at a state university were recruited to participate in the study. Ninety students (47 males and 43 females) completed a learning style survey and two types of examinations. Results showed that approximately half of the students were assessed and self-reported as kinesthetic for their preferred learning style. There was no significant difference in test performance between students who preferred visual and reading/writing learning styles (self-reported and assessed). These students demonstrated similar learning and comprehension of biomechanical concepts regardless of whether the test material was presented in their preferred sensory mode or not. Interestingly, female students' perceptions of their learning style preference may have a positive effect on the test results when the test is presented in their preferred format.  相似文献   

9.
Students' learning style preferences have been widely adapted into teaching and learning environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported and assessed learning style preferences (visual, auditory, reading/writing, kinesthetic: VARK) on performance in different types of multiple-choice examinations (T1: text only format and T2: visual format) given in an introductory biomechanics class. Students who enrolled in three biomechanics classes at a state university were recruited to participate in the study. Ninety students (47 males and 43 females) completed a learning style survey and two types of examinations. Results showed that approximately half of the students were assessed and self-reported as kinesthetic for their preferred learning style. There was no significant difference in test performance between students who preferred visual and reading/writing learning styles (self-reported and assessed). These students demonstrated similar learning and comprehension of biomechanical concepts regardless of whether the test material was presented in their preferred sensory mode or not. Interestingly, female students' perceptions of their learning style preference may have a positive effect on the test results when the test is presented in their preferred format.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

The study was designed to determine how individuals become socialised into folk, competitive ballroom, ballet and modern dance through an investigation of background variables, the influence of significant others and the participation profiles of dancers, and the identification of those socialization and involvement variables that best discriminate among different groups of dancers.

The subjects were 308 adolescent and adult dancers of at least 16 years of age who had pursued their main dance form for a minimum of three years. The data were collected by questionnaire, supplemented with some additional data gathered through personal interviews. Differences between the four dance groups were analysed using t‐test, Chi Square analyses, analyses of variance, Scheffe's multiple‐range test and discriminant analysis.

Most subjects were from the middle or upper socio‐economic classes. Most art dancers were women while social dancers displayed a more even distribution of sexes. Ballet dancers were youngest and ballroom dancers oldest when they started dancing. Mother's influence was significant among those who had started dancing at a young age while a friend of the same sex was influential among all respondents regardless of the age at which they had taken up dancing. Among men the influence of a friend of the opposite sex was also significant. The involvement of other family members in dance correlated most strongly with folk dancing, least strongly with modern dance. The dance teacher or coach was perceived as the most encouraging person in every dance form.

The most wide‐ranging past and present dance activities were found among modern dancers. The variables which best discriminated between dance forms were starting age, the variety of present dance activities and the intensity of practising one's main dance form. Such differences in socialisation into different dance forms should be taken into account when developing dance and dance teacher education curricula, teaching dance and planning recreational dance activities.

  相似文献   

11.
论创新思维能力培养在啦啦操教学中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
通过对南京信息工程大学一、二年级学生数年来开设的体育艺术类课程体育能力方面进行的研究,认为啦啦操选项课教学可以更有效地提高学生、教师在体育创新能力方面的培养。  相似文献   

12.
不同认知方式的学生对体育教师教学风格认可程度的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
运用镶嵌图形测验法和问卷调查法研究体育专业学生的认知方式与体育教师教学风格的关系。发现体育专业的学生以场独立性认知方式者居多,专项为集体项目的学生更倾向于场依存性;认知方式不同的学生所认可的体育教师的教学风格不同;体育教师在体育教学过程中应创设同学生认知方式相匹配的教学策略,以取得更好的教学效果。  相似文献   

13.
在全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革背景下,国家对教师提出新要求,以学生为主体的教育方式成为教学改革的重点,学生需要"好老师",培养优秀教师成为未来教师队伍建设的重要工作。为了探究学生视角下的优秀体育教师概念维度、维度关系,构建优秀体育教师评价体系,采用质性研究范式,以访谈法收集资料,以扎根理论的类属分析法分析资料。结果表明：（1）学生视角下,优秀体育教师概念包括4个维度和9个类属,人格魅力（外在形象、个人特质）、教学素养（专业知识与技能、教学内容、教学方法）、课堂效应（学生反馈、教师指导行为）与和谐师生（良师益友、师生互动）;（2）学生视角下,优秀体育教师概念模型突出好的关系胜于好的教育;（3）质性研究初步构建的学生视角下优秀体育教师评价体系包括4个一级指标、9个二级指标、49个三级指标,为我国制定体育教师评价标准提供理论依据。  相似文献   

14.
通过教学实践探讨新兴休闲健身项目排舞在高校的课程设置。论文采用文献资料、专家访谈以及问卷调查等方法,对高校大学体育排舞课程的教学目标、教学内容、教学方法与手段、教学评价等进行分析,并进行教学实验检验。结论：在普通高校大学体育中设置排舞课程具有重要的现实意义,本研究为普通高校大学体育排舞课程的教学与研究提供借鉴,且有利于推动全民健身运动与排舞运动本身的普及推广与发展。  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

Twenty-nine teachers of dance in graduate schools in the United States were interviewed to find out what teachers and what performing artists were seminal in determining their teaching philosophies. Data on the longevity of the teaching careers of the subjects were gathered. A statement of teaching philosophy was sought. The subjects named Gertrude Kline Colby and Margaret Newell H'Doubler as seminal teachers and Martha Graham, Hanya Holm, Doris Humphrey, and Mary Wigman as seminal artists. The longevity of the subjects' careers indicated that they have largely determined the teaching philosophy of dance in education in the United States. The statements of philosophies, although available, are too complex and lengthy for this report.  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT

Background: Research stemming from Self-Determination Theory (SDT) shows that physical education (PE) teachers who endorse an autonomy-supportive and structuring motivating style positively affect students’ motivation, engagement and learning. Choice provision and positive feedback are two concrete strategies that are part of an autonomy-supportive and structuring style, respectively. While the benefits of choice provision and positive feedback have been shown in contexts other than PE, evidence in the specific context of PE is much scarcer. Grounded in SDT and relying on experimental design, the present study sought to examine the effects of choice provision and positive feedback on students’ motivational experiences in PE, and whether these effects were moderated by students’ actual motor competence (AMC).

Method: A sample of 277 students (41% boys, Mage?=?12.78 years) was randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions (2?×?2 design). Prior to the experimental manipulation, participants’ AMC was measured with the Test of Gross Motor Development second edition. Participants then watched a videotaped PE lesson, in which the provision of choice (choice – no choice) and type of feedback (corrective feedback – positive and corrective feedback) were manipulated. Participants were asked to imagine how they would feel being a student in the displayed lessons. After watching the video, they completed validated questionnaires on their (1) anticipated need satisfaction and frustration and (2) autonomous and controlled motivation. MANOVAs were conducted to investigate the differences between the experimental groups in terms of anticipated need satisfaction, need frustration and motivation. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the potential moderating role of AMC.

Findings and conclusions: The benefits of choice provision were clearly shown with students in the choice condition anticipating significantly more autonomy, competence and relatedness satisfaction and autonomous motivation, while they anticipated significantly less autonomy and relatedness frustration when compared to students in the no choice condition. Similarly, the addition of positive feedback to corrective feedback yielded clear benefits, with lower averages in anticipated need frustration found among students who watched the videos in which positive feedback was added to corrective feedback. No support was provided for a synergetic motivational effect between choice and positive feedback. Overall, the present findings show the importance of offering choice and providing positive feedback to motivate students in PE, with positive effects being present for all students independent of their initial AMC levels. Although few interaction effects were found, lowly motor competent students benefited even more from receiving positive feedback than highly motor competent students. The findings of this study are important to take into account in PE teacher education programs and professional training programs for PE teachers about how to teach in a (more) motivating way.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

This investigation examined perceptions of student teachers, cooperating teachers, and university supervisors about the importance and achievement of objectives of the student teaching experience. Perceptions between student teachers and cooperating teachers and between student teachers and university supervisors about the importance of objectives were significantly related. No significant relationship was found between perceptions of cooperating teachers and those of university supervisors. A significant relationship existed between perceptions of student teachers and those of cooperating teachers and between the perceptions of cooperating teachers and those of university supervisors about the achievement of objectives. No significant relationship was found between perceptions of student teachers and those of university supervisors. A comparison of perceptions about the importance of the objectives and the achievement of the objectives showed no significant relationship between the two sets of perceptions. Implications from this investigation included the need for establishment of competency priorities for the student teacher prior to the beginning of the student teaching experience.  相似文献   

18.
高校体育舞蹈教学是高校体育教学内容的组成部分,是高校体育教学改革及人才目标培养全面发展的内容之一。本论文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法,对甘肃省高校体育舞蹈教学现状进行调查分析与研究。结果显示：专业体育舞蹈教师匮乏、教学内容选择不合理、场地器材欠缺、学生学习课时不足等是影响甘肃省高校体育舞蹈教学的主要因素。  相似文献   

19.
科学人本主义对高校体育的积极影响,主要表现为:在指导思想上树立了“健康第一”的观点,在教学目标上追求健身价值与人文价值的有机结合,在教育观念上树立了终身体育思想,在体育课形式上推崇俱乐部型教学模式,在教学关系上体现了以教师为主导和学生为主体的新型师生关系,体现了体育学科对大学生的人文关怀。  相似文献   

20.
通过对武汉体育学院体育舞蹈专项学生的调查研究,发现体育舞蹈专业的学生在学习中仅局限于对专业知识的学习,而对于教学方面,还处于初级甚至是陌生的状态。鉴于这些学生很大部分将从事体育舞蹈教学的工作,文章将根据调查现状分析来探讨学生的教学能力的培养方法,以助于学生全方位学习能力的提高。  相似文献   

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