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本文以管理学CSSCI（1998~2018）期刊文章为样本,通过理论分析和建模,实证分析了学者认知开放性和结构开放性对其学术影响力的作用。研究结果表明,学者认知开放性和结构性开放性与学术影响力之间存在非线性关系,在某一特定点之前是积极作用,之后是消极作用。通过引入职业年龄这一调节变量,研究还发现适度的认知开放性和结构开放性对于提升年轻学者的学术影响力是可取的;对于年长学者来说,高水平的认知开放性和低水平的结构开放性有助于提升其学术影响力。本文的研究有助于了解学者职业生涯不同时期的搜索行为,对如何提升学者学术影响力有一定的理论借鉴。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]揭示期刊声誉与高影响力论文的关联,探讨高影响力期刊作为学术评价指标的可行性,为期刊科学地理解与使用提供数据支撑。[方法/过程]采用描述性统计方法,通过定义期刊影响力区间,分析一组大样本高被引论文及刊载期刊在不同影响力区间的分布情况,并比较期刊高被引论文刊载量/率区间差异和高被引论文引用层级区间差异。[结果/结论]高被引论文主要分布在高影响力区间期刊上,但无论论文引用层级如何,仍约有2%~3%的高被引论文刊载在影响力居后的50%期刊上;而高被引论文期刊仅占期刊总量的53%,其分布也呈现高影响力区间聚集效应,且刊载量或刊载率越大,高被引论文期刊聚集程度越高。最后提出在不同的评价情境下,辩证使用高影响力期刊指标。 相似文献
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复合开放获取期刊中开放获取论文学术影响力研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
【目的】探究OA模式是否能给文献带来更高的学术影响力。【方法】 本文引入双胞胎采样法,以Sciencedirect数据库中较高OA论文占比的14种复合OA期刊为研究对象,通过文献学术影响力的分析指标和不同的时间窗口,对OA论文和非OA论文的学术影响力进行对比研究。【结果】 在论文提前出版或者出版当年,OA论文获得比非OA论文更多的被引频次,但在出版后第二年及之后,OA论文在平均被引频次、高被引论文占比等方面的表现与非OA论文的差值渐渐缩小。【结论】 研究表明：（1）OA模式能够给论文带来的学术影响力上的提升在论文出版后的早期确实存在。（2）随着出版后时间的增加,OA论文在学术影响力上的优异表现逐渐弱化,OA论文和非OA论文学术影响力慢慢趋同。 相似文献
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挖掘高被引论文有利于提高科技期刊的学术影响力 总被引：14，自引：7，他引：7
有关研究显示我国科技期刊的学术影响力并不令人乐观,主要表现为: 期刊数量相对较多而影响力相对较低;发表论文数量较多而被引次数相对偏低;期刊进入国际重要检索系统的数量不尽人意;开放存取出版模式尚处于起步阶段;期刊的发行量有限.针对我国科技期刊学术影响力的现状,本文分析了科技期刊学术影响力的构成要素;探讨了高被引论文与科技期刊学术影响力之间的内在关系: 质量决定了科技期刊学术影响力的深度,数量决定了科技期刊学术影响力的范围;提出了挖掘高被引论文的有效途径. 相似文献
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从图书馆的发文数量、被引次数、h指数、g指数、R指数及标准化(h,g,R)指数角度,结合<中国引文数据库>对我国省级公共图书馆学术影响力进行评价研究.同时通过计算图书馆各作者h指数,研究了图书馆作者群体学术影响力对图书馆整体影响力的贡献.研究结果表明:h指数兼顾了传统的发文数量和被引次数;标准化(h,g,R)指数对其学术影响力的评价比单一指标更加公正合理;具有高的h指数的图书馆,高的h指数作者对图书馆整体影响力贡献比较大,对低h指数的作者群而言,仍然有一部分作者单篇被引次数很高,这部分作者有利于提高图书馆的学术影响力;如果只依靠单篇文章被引次数的静态增加而发文数量并不增长来提高图书馆的学术影响力,并不利于图书馆学术研究的长远发展. 相似文献
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获评高被引学者会提升学术产出与影响力吗———来自整体与个体层面的双重验证 《科学学研究》2021,39(2):212-221
获评高被引学者对科研人员来说具有一定的内生促进作用和外部光环效应。那么获评是否能够提升学者的生产力及影响力？如果可以,该积极影响是否普遍存在于绝大多数获奖研究人员？该论文利用科睿唯安数学学科高被引科学家的产出数据,从整体和个体层面考察了获评高被引学者与学术生产力和影响力的关系。根据高被引学者整体平均产出与个人产出时间序列曲线,论文分析了我国高被引学者的四种职业发展路径。研究发现获评高被引学者对科研人员的影响力具有一定的促进效应。数学学科研究人员获得高被引学者称号之后,论文的产出量不升反降,但论文影响力则显著增加。 相似文献
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外文学术图书,对于高校的教学、科研活动有较高的学术指导价值。对外文学术电子图书进行评价能够全面反映其影响力。本文综合运用Altmetrics和传统的引文评价,利用Bookmetrix工具,明确对不同学科（以化学、社会科学为例）的学术电子图书进行探索性研究,对文献计量指标（引文）与Altmetrics指标（Mendeley读者数和下载量）的相关性与一致性进行定量分析,并对引文量、读者数、下载量是否有显著性差异进行了非参数检验。研究发现：Citations、Mendeley Readers、Downloads具有较高的覆盖率,经Mann-Whitney非参数检验,化学和社会科学的外文学术电子图书的被引量、读者数没有显著差异,但是二者的下载量有显著差异。化学图书的被引量与Mendeley读者数的相关性明显高于社会科学图书的被引量与Mendeley读者数的相关性。 相似文献
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近年来,随着科学家们对社交媒体的广泛使用,这一群体逐渐在社交媒体网络中形成了一定的社会影响力。本文从科学家层面出发,对高被引科学家在社交媒体网络中的影响力开展研究。基于科睿唯安2019年发布的高被引科学家名单,对环境科学与生态学领域的美国高被引科学家在推特中粉丝量进行统计分析,分别比较了他们在发文量、高被引论文量和被引频次三种指标下粉丝量的分布情况。研究结果表明,高被引论文量较高的科学家更有可能在社交媒体网络中拥有较高的影响力;学术成就可能是影响科学家在社交媒体网络中影响力的重要因素,但科学家在社交媒体网络中的影响力仍是一个综合性的体现。 相似文献
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Academic inventors as brokers 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Francesco Lissoni 《Research Policy》2010,39(7):843-857
Academic inventors are university scientists who appear as designated inventors of patents owned either by business companies, academic institutions or individuals. We analyse their relationships with co-inventors, who may be either academic colleagues, students, or, very often, industrial researchers. Gould and Fernandez's (1989) taxonomy of ‘brokerage’ roles is adjusted to patent data, and complemented with information drawn from both academic inventors’ publications and replies to a short questionnaire. Only very few academic inventors are found to hold brokerage positions. Such inventors have a large number of patents, a strong publication record and a higher-than-average share of patents held by companies, rather than universities. Relationships of academic inventors with co-inventors from industry are weaker and less likely to be maintained than those with co-inventors from academia. Academic inventors in gatekeeping positions (between university and industry) maintain the strongest ties with all types of co-inventors. 相似文献
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以1980至2020年发表的相关文献为基础,对学术创业的研究内容进行梳理,内容如下：（1）总结了已有研究中常用的学术创业概念和分类;（2）围绕学术创业主体,重点阐述了个体层面学术创业活动的研究成果;（3）对学术创业领域常用的理论及其适用问题进行了诠释;（4）从社会经济和基础科学两个方面介绍了学术创业的影响;（5）提出学术创业的研究展望,即关注数智经济阶段学术创业类型的变化、拓展学术创业研究的理论视角、扩充学术创业的研究主题以及在进一步完善国内学术创业研究体系的同时,深化中国制度背景下学术创业问题的探索,如儒家文化环境中的学术创业动机,不同地区/省份的学术创业差异等。通过对已有研究的梳理,为中国学术创业的研究和发展提供了参考。 相似文献
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Markus Perkmann Rossella Salandra Valentina Tartari Maureen McKelvey Alan Hughes 《Research Policy》2021,50(1):104114
We provide a systematic review of the literature on academic engagement from 2011 onwards, which was the cut-off year of a previous review article published in Research Policy. Academic engagement refers to knowledge-related interactions of academic scientists with external organisations. It includes activities such as collaborative research with industry, contract research, consulting and informal ties. We consolidate what is known about the individual, organisational and institutional antecedents of academic engagement, and its consequences for research, commercialisation, and society at large. Our results suggest that individual characteristics associated with academic engagement include being scientifically productive, senior, male, locally trained, and commercially experienced. Academic engagement is also socially conditioned by peer effects and disciplinary characteristics. In terms of consequences, academic engagement is positively associated with academics’ subsequent scientific productivity. We propose new areas of investigation where evidence remains inconclusive, including individual life cycle effects, the role of organisational contexts and incentives, cross-national comparisons, and the impact of academic engagement on the quality of subsequent research as well as the educational, commercial and society-wide impact. 相似文献
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Sotaro Shibayama 《Research Policy》2019,48(3):676-692
Academic training, where senior scientists transfer their knowledge and skills to junior scientists through apprenticeship, plays a crucial role in the development of scientists. This study focuses on two aspects of academic training, autonomy and exploration, to investigate how different modes of training are incentivized and how they affect junior scientists’ performance and career prospects. Drawing on a sample of 162 supervising professors and their 791 PhD students in life science labs in Japanese universities, this study suggests two fundamental conflicts in academic training. First, autonomy granted to PhD students under apprenticeship improves their long-term performance but decreases short-term performance. Because the latter effect costs supervisors, while the former does not benefit them in general, this inter-temporal tradeoff creates an incentive conflict between supervisors and students, inducing non-autonomous training. The short-term cost for supervisors can be compensated in the form of labor input or reputation gain from previous students in the long term, but this typically happens when students are trained with limited scope of exploration, which hinders the originality of students’ knowledge production. This reduces the diversity of knowledge production, presenting another incentive conflict between individual scientists and the collective scientific community. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2009,23(3):183-192
CAS is composed of a research complex, which is made up of nearly 100 research institutions, and the Academic Divisions （CASAD）, China＇s top advisory body in science and technology. As a national S＆T think tank, CASAD offers suggestions on major issues concerning the country＇s socioeconomic progress, S＆T development and national security, and submits, to local and central authorities, advisory reports in various fields, ranging from energy and resources, S＆T education, ecology and the environment to medical care and development strategies for scientific disciplines. The following is the highlights of selected reports finished by CASAD in 2009. 相似文献
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论文影响力与变异视角的科学家学术影响研究 《科学学研究》2017,35(5):676-680
以77位中科院生物医学院士和82位诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者为研究对象,运用论文影响力平均水平与高水平的二维分区,以及论文影响力水平与变异程度的二维分区对科学家进行不同角度的分型,展示了分区法在科研管理中的应用价值。结果表明,中科院生物医学院士若想整体进阶到诺贝尔奖层级,其论文影响力需要扩大e2倍;已有少数几位院士显示出诺贝尔奖级科学家的影响力。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2010,24(1):42-48
Since its establishment more than 50 years ago, the Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CASAD） has given much important advice concerning national socioeconomic development, security and S＆T progress, by giving full play to China＇s outstanding scientists and pooling the collective wisdom of CAS Members. These suggestions have laid a solid S＆T foundation for government policy-making on major issues. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]受开放科学运动影响所形成的各类大规模开放学术图谱,作为一种高质量、良结构化的科研领域大数据集,为研究前沿分析创造了新的研究条件。在该数据下构建研究前沿分析的思路与框架,将有效实现数据驱动的知识发现,辅助科技情报分析和决策。[方法/过程]对研究前沿及其分析方法进行了文献回顾,并探讨了研究前沿分析面临的主要问题。进一步,对开放学术图谱进行了调研,进而构建了基于大规模开放学术图谱进行研究前沿分析的总体框架。[结果/结论]所构建的研究前沿分析框架,提出了基于大规模开放学术图谱进行研究前沿分析的详细步骤,能够基于开放学术图谱实现对研究主题的全面、快速、准确分析,为实现研究前沿的跨时空动态分析、多尺度演化分析及多因素多维分析提供可供参考的思路。 相似文献
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We examine career patterns within the industrial, academic, and governmental sectors and their relation to the publication and patent productivity of scientists and engineers working at university-based research centers in the United States. We hypothesize that among university scientists, intersectoral changes in jobs throughout the career provide access to new social networks and scientific and technical human capital, which will result in higher productivity. For this study, the curriculum vitae of 1200 research scientists and engineers were collected and coded. In addition, patent data were collected from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. The overarching conclusion from our analysis is that the academic scientists’ and engineers’ research careers we studied are quite different than characterized in the research productivity literature that is a decade or more old. The wave of center creation activity that began in the early 1980s and continues today has resulted not only in greater ties between universities and industry, but also markedly different academic careers. 相似文献