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学习困难儿童观看图片的眼动研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文探讨了学习困难儿童(学困儿童)观看图片过程的认知加工及眼动特性。要求被试观看图片后回答相关问题,并对观看过程中的眼动情况进行记录。结果发现,与学习优秀儿童、学习一般儿童相比,学困儿童提取图片信息的效率低,完成认知任务的质量差;在眼动参数上,学困儿童的注视次数多,眼跳距离小,与其他两组儿童相比差异显著。结果提示,学困儿童认知加工效率低与眼动模式差关系密切。 相似文献
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文章通过眼动实验获取了听障儿童在阅读图文混排界面时的眼动信息与数据,据此结合认知心理学的相关理论分析插图对听障儿童文字阅读效果的影响,得出结论:(1)左文右图的布局方式更利于听障儿童对文字信息的获取;(2)听障儿童在阅读图文混排界面时,注意力分配较为困难;(3)插图会使听障儿童在文字区域的有意注意受到干扰,阅读过程有所减慢。 相似文献
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眼动研究是当代心理学研究的重要手段之一,尤其是在阅读方面。阅读困难儿童作为一种特殊群体,其阅读的眼动研究越来越受到关注,主要集中在对词、句子和语篇等材料的阅读研究上。但这一领域的眼动研究也存在许多问题,未来的研究将围绕这些问题展开更加全面和深层次的探索。 相似文献
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眼动技术是研究阅读过程的重要手段之一。学习障碍儿童作为一种特殊的群体,其阅读的眼动研究对该类型儿童的教育和训练具有重要的意义。本文作者对近年来国内有关学习障碍儿童阅读的眼动研究内容进行了总结．并在此基础上提出了自己的观点。 相似文献
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儿童的阅读障碍与眼动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用眼动技术来研究阅读过程已成为一种重要的研究取向。学习障碍儿童作为一种特殊群体,对其阅读过程的眼动研究将为识别阅读障碍儿童提供具体指标,有助于有针对性地改善和提高阅读障碍儿童的生活和学习状况。本文简要介绍了最近20年国内外关于儿童阅读障碍的眼动研究现状,同时还介绍了眼动分析的各种指标以及一些理论成就,以帮助大家更好地认识和了解阅读障碍,能从眼动指标来分析和鉴别出阅读障碍,为此类型儿童的教育与训练提供重要的参考依据。 相似文献
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眼动记录技术是探讨人阅读过程中的眼动行为与心理活动的一种重要技术手段.文章对发展性阅读障碍儿童阅读时的眼动行为指标进行分析梳理,结合正常儿童阅读过程中的眼动行为进行比较,探讨发展性阅读障碍儿童筛查方法、眼动特征,在此基础上分析发展性阅读障碍的发生原因并相应提出提高儿童阅读能力的干预措施. 相似文献
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发展性阅读障碍儿童语篇阅读中的笔画数效应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用识字量测试、拼音测试、阅读理解测试、正字法测试、快速命名测试五项测试任务从小学五年级120名学生和小学三年级132名学生中筛选出五年级11名阅读障碍生和三年级12名能力匹配生,利用眼动技术对汉语阅读障碍儿童语篇阅读过程的眼动特征及其视觉认知加工特点进行了初步探索。结果表明：两组被试在平均注视时间、平均眼跳幅度和总注视时间三项指标上均没有显著差异,在目标词的眼动指标上也差异不显著。两组被试均发现显著的笔画数效应。以上结果支持了发展性阅读障碍只是一般的发展落后的观点。 相似文献
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九年义务教育人教版小语新教材本着从低年级起就要不失时机地发展语言、提高学生听说读写能力、开发智力的精神,适当提高了对汉语拼音教学的要求,将拼音的功能由帮助识字、学习普通话,扩大到帮助阅读。汉语拼音是抽象的表音符号,初入学的儿童学习对有困难,为此,新教材在编排下有较大改进,声、韵母及音节的配图丰富多彩,训练形 相似文献
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This study was to investigate Chinese children's eye patterns while reading different text genres from a developmental perspective. Eye movements were recorded while children in the second through sixth grades read two expository texts and two narrative texts. Across passages, overall word frequency was not significantly different between the two genres. Results showed that all children had longer fixation durations for low‐frequency words. They also had longer fixation durations on content words. These results indicate that children adopted a word‐based processing strategy like skilled readers do. However, only older children's rereading times were affected by genre. Overall, eye‐movement patterns of older children reported in this study are in accordance with those of skilled Chinese readers, but younger children are more likely to be responsive to word characteristics than text level when reading a Chinese text. 相似文献
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吕小君 《南昌教育学院学报》2012,(5):58-59
本研究采用眼动记录技术探讨不同朗读表达水平的大学生朗读和默读即时加工过程的眼动特点。通过对朗读表达水平高和低的大学生在朗读和默读注视次数、注视点持续时间、眼动轨迹等眼动指标的比较,结果发现:不同朗读表达水平学生默读时的眼动特征不存在显著差异,而朗读的眼动特征存在着显著差异;不同朗读表达水平学生朗读和默读时的眼动模式高度一致。 相似文献
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Catherine McBride-Chang Dan Lin Phil D. Liu Dorit Aram Iris Levin Jeung-Ryeul Cho Hua Shu Yuping Zhang 《Reading and writing》2012,25(1):283-300
In the present study, maternal Pinyin mediation and its relations with young Chinese children??s word reading and word writing development were explored. At time 1, 43 Mainland Chinese children and their mothers were videotaped on a task in which children were asked to write 12 words in Pinyin (a phonological coding system used in Mainland China as an aid to reading Chinese characters) with help from their mothers. The videotapes were later coded on a scale (adapted from Aram & Levin, 2001) of mothers?? writing facilitation techniques. Scores on this scale of maternal mediation of Pinyin uniquely explained children??s reading of Chinese words, but not writing of Chinese words, after statistically controlling for maternal education and age, and children??s non-verbal IQ, age, and phonological awareness. At time 2, 22 of the children from time 1 were further tested on Chinese word reading and word reading task 1?year later. After controlling for children??s age and non-verbal IQ, maternal Pinyin mediation uniquely explained 6% of the variance in children??s word writing and 7% of the variance in children??s word reading performance at time 2. Results underscore the potential importance of the maternal scaffolding role for reading acquisition both theoretically and practically in a domain not previously explored (i.e., use of a common coding system (Pinyin) for learning to read, rather than word reading itself). 相似文献
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阅读预期对不同阅读策略特点聋人大学生快速阅读影响的眼动研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以聋人大学生为被试,采用眼动追踪技术,考察了阅读提示对不同类型聋入学生自然阅读和快速阅读的影响.结果表明,不同阅读策略运用倾向的聋人学生在阅读过程中表现出不同的眼动模式.高阅读策略运用组学生对阅读材料的注视次数少、眼跳距离大,而且回视次数也少;较之低策略组聋人学生,高策略组学生被试表现出更强的对阅读材料的预期推理能力(自上而下加工的能力);阅读预期是影响快速阅读的重要因素和变量之一. 相似文献
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聋生篇章阅读过程的眼动研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文通过眼动分析法和回答文后问题等即时与延时相结合的方法,探讨了语言发展前全聋学生在篇章阅读过程中的眼动特点。结果发现:1、语言发展前全聋学生阅读记叙文的整体能力与低于其3个年级的听力正常学生有差距,主要表现在文章阅读的整体效率显著低于听力正常学生。2、语言发展前全聋学生除注视次数和回视次数的眼动指标上与低于其3个年级的听力正常学生有显著差异外,在其它眼动指标上均未见差异。3、语言发展前全聋学生虽与低于其3个年级的听力正常学生在文本信息的储存能力上没有差异,但以反复回视、增加注视点等为代价。 相似文献
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Solan HA Larson S Shelley-Tremblay J Ficarra A Silverman M 《Journal of learning disabilities》2001,34(2):107-118
This study investigated eye movement and comprehension therapy in Grade 6 children with reading disabilities (RD). Both order of therapy and type of therapy were examined. Furthermore, the implications of visual attention in ameliorating reading disability are discussed. Thirty-one students with RD were identified using standardized reading comprehension tests. Eye movements were analyzed objectively using an infra-red recording device. Reading scores of participating children were 0.5 to 1 SD below the national mean. Testing took place before the start of therapy (T1) and was repeated after 12 weeks (T2) and 24 weeks (T3) of therapy. One group of students had eye movement therapy first, followed by comprehension therapy; in the other group, the order was reversed. Data were evaluated using a repeated measures MANOVA and post hoc tests. At T1, mean reading grade was 2 years below grade level, and eye movement scores were at about Grade 2 level. Mean growth in reading comprehension for the total sample was 2.6 years (p < .01) at T3; equally significant improvement was measured in eye movements (p < .01). Learning rate in reading comprehension improved from 60% (T1) to 400% (T3). Although within-group differences were statistically significant, between-group differences were not significant for comprehension or eye movements. Order of therapy (comprehension first or eye movements first) was not significant. Improvements in within-group scores for comprehension and eye movements were consistently significant at T2 and T3. Eye movement therapy improved eye movements and also resulted in significant gains in reading comprehension. Comprehension therapy likewise produced improvement both in eye movement efficiency and in reading comprehension. The results support the notion of a cognitive link among visual attention, oculomotor readiness, and reading comprehension. 相似文献
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This paper reports a research which examined the relationship between dyslexia and eye movement control in Spanish speaking children. The study compared the eye movements recordings of 30 dyslexic, 30 retarded and 30 normal readers, aged between 7 and 14, in one ocular tracking task and two reading tasks which differed in their degree of reading difficulty. Within each group the subjects were divided into 3 subgroups of 10 in accordance with the following chronological ages: 7–9, 10–11 and 12 years and above. Dependent variables were saccadics (number, size and fixation pause), regressives (number, size and fixation pause), total number of movements and percentage of regressives over the total number of movements. The following results were obtained: (1) In the two reading tasks significant differences were found between dyslexic and normal readers and between retarded and normal readers in most of the parameters, no differences being found between dyslexic and retarded readers except in a few parameters; (2) in the ocular tracking task significant differences both between dyslexic and normal readers and between dyslexic and retarded readers were found in all dependent variables, no differences being found between retarded and normal readers at all, and (3) the age factor produced a significant main effect in the two reading tasks indicating a general improvement of eye movements as age increases but an interaction effect with reading disability in the ocular tracking task-indicating a deterioration in eye movements in the dyslexic group as a function of age-was also found. The results are discussed in the context of alternative theoretical explanations of developmental dyslexia.This research was supported by grant PR82-1933 from the Spanish Consulting Committee for Scientific and Technological Research (CAYCIT). Requests for reprint should be sent to F. J. Martos, Departamento de Psicologia Experimental y Fisiologia del Comportamiento. Campus de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada. 18071 Granada, Spain. 相似文献
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Responsiveness to General Education Instruction as the First Gate to Learning Disabilities Identification 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Deborah L. Speece Lisa Pericola Case Dawn Eddy Molloy 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2003,18(3):147-156
Most definitions of learning disabilities (LD) include a qualification that adequate general education instruction was received and the child with LD did not benefit. Rarely is this tenet assessed in either practice or research before a diagnosis is made. We review three studies that investigated children's responsiveness to general education reading instruction as an indicator of need for more intensive interventions. Adequacy of instruction was quantified by children's level and rate of progress, compared to classmates, as measured by curriculum‐based measures of oral reading fluency. We found that the response‐to‐instruction model tested was valid in that (1) children who differ from their peers on level and slope of performance (dual discrepancy) have more severe academic and behavioral problems than children who have IQ‐achievement discrepancies or low achievement; (2) children who demonstrate persistent nonresponsiveness over three years differ from other at‐risk children on reading, reading‐related, and behavioral measures; and (3) at‐risk children who participated in specially designed general education interventions had better outcomes than at‐risk children who did not participate. We conducted additional analyses to assess low achievement definitional variations and found that they lack sensitivity and coverage compared to a dual discrepancy definition. 相似文献