共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
ABSTRACTIn the decades around 1900, reformers in virtually all industrialising countries debated boys’ manual training as a new subject for primary education. This contribution discusses the German debates on and institutions of manual training from a transnational perspective. The focus is on the German Association for Manual Training founded by Emil von Schenckendorff in 1886 and its Training College for Teachers established one year later in Leipzig, which notably organised summer courses where teachers received supplementary training in manual skills. The Training College soon developed into a centre for manual training instruction of European and global significance. This article discusses the Training College in Leipzig as a portal for educational globalisation. Its two directors Woldemar Götze and Alwin Pabst, on the one hand, transferred Scandinavian, French and American ideas and practices to the German context. On the other hand, foreign experts visited and referred to the Training College in order to enhance reforms in their respective countries. Especially after his trip to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904, Pabst enthusiastically embraced American education and – albeit with limited success – planned to transform the Training College into a model school and new education research centre. Moreover, Pabst theoretically reflected on processes of cultural development and cultural transfers, largely following the ideas of historian Karl Lamprecht. Manual training, in this respect, appeared as a panacea for constructing a genuinely modern and cosmopolitan society. 相似文献
2.
In the eighteenth century, the German pedagogical discourse took place within the broader framework of an international circulation of pedagogical concepts and ideas. The trans-cultural nature of these intellectual exchanges is particularly evident in the thoughts and writings on female education. Translations of books and essays played a significant role in this transfer of pedagogical knowledge. The article focuses on the manner in which educational thought circulated across borders by studying one case in detail. The examination of John Burton’s Lectures on Female Education and Manners (1793), which was published in German in several editions, will place particular emphasis on the manner in which educational ideas emerging from a specific cultural context are adopted into a different discursive system. The research methodology is based on the concept of “cultural transfer”, an approach that has proven fruitful in transfer and comparative studies in recent years. It refers to key aspects of transfer theory, especially the consideration that ideas do not spread autonomously, but must be carried by intermediaries. Thus, the mechanisms of importing foreign cultural assets and the context of its reception will be at the core of this work. 相似文献
3.
Sigrid Hartong 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(6):747-760
During the last 30?years, a new model of transnational educational governance including a specific knowledge production regime has been implemented. Its increasing national impact has caused enormous change within the German educational system. Particularly, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developments statistical reports and benchmarking procedures like the Programme for International Student Assessment have challenged the German system, which has usually been remarkably resistant to reform, and have pushed it towards fast and deep transformation. Demonstrated with the case of Lower Saxony, one of Germany’s largest states, effects of massive political uncertainty in terms of educational principles, rules of governance as well as school practice can be identified. They result in an increasing authorization of so-called agents of change who offer both knowledge production and education service to policy and school practice. In the case of Lower Saxony, the Bertelsmann Foundation has been such an agent of change. It supported school reform while heavily promoting the adoption of a new self-evaluation instrument called self-evaluation in schools, which not only measures school quality, but creates a new certainty by generating knowledge about what is perceived as being real within school practice. In the end, there seems to be evidence that both the teacher profession and the classroom practice are made susceptible – not only to this new reality, but also to a new leadership. 相似文献
4.
阿依图尔汗·阿不都热衣木 《新疆教育学院学报》2009,25(4):57-59
随着教育现代化的推进和新课程改革的深入发展,以计算机、多媒体和互联网为标志的现代信息技术逐步成为当今教育的主流技术。中小学教师作为实施教育的主体,必须确立科学、先进的现代教育理念,具备现代教育知识水平和运用现代教育技术开展教育教学的能力。因此,提高中小学教师现代教育技术能力,已成为提高教育质量的关键因素。 相似文献
5.
Herbert Courthope Bowen was a progressive spirit in English teaching during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Ideas about the role of activity in the development of the child – ideas usually associated with progressive teaching in the 1960s and 1970s – may be found in Bowen's published papers. In connection with the time that Bowen was Head Master of a London secondary school, I explain what turned on the amount of Latin in the school curriculum, why Latin mattered so much at the time and why English teaching at Grocers' (Hackney Downs) where Bowen taught, was so controversial. Bowen published a series of remarkable papers on key themes. At the core of all these writings lies his passionate interest in the psychological development of the individual child. From Froebel Bowen gained a rich conception of the productivity of mind as well as a sense of children's individual worth and dignity. I argue the case that his writings deserve revisiting as pivotal contributions to a theory of English that has a strong psychological component. Bowen acted as a conduit for a rich legacy of largely German ideas about self‐cultivation (Bildung). His emphasis on ‘self‐activity’, ‘creativity’ and the ‘constructive imagination’ prefigures the working out of principles usually associated with progressive English Teaching in the post‐war period, such as ‘personal growth’. Indeed, many of the presuppositions, norms and assumptions of progressive educators were shaped by the ideas I discuss. By historicising them, and stripping them of their aura, I envisage opening up fresh possibilities for interrogation and critique. 相似文献
6.
Christine Mayer 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(5):580-598
In the context of the international exchange of school reform ideas and concepts, the new schools in Hamburg were recognised as exemplary instances of a revolutionary and forceful reform in the public elementary school systems. Based on studies of transfer and their premise that the transnational transfer of ideas, practices and objects does not occur spontaneously, but requires specific mechanisms of transmission, this contribution explores the circulation and exchange of pedagogical practices and concepts within the discourse of New Education by looking at the example of the Hamburg experimental and community schools (Hamburger Versuchs- und Gemeinschaftsschulen). A key question in this process is how the Hamburg schools could acquire the great international importance they held. The analysis includes both personal and institutional communication networks of the experimental schoolteachers, the international journals and conferences of the New Education Fellowship, school visits and various reports and documentations of the schools produced by foreign visitors. It shows not only the key role that transnational exchange played in the education reform debates of the 1920s, but also offers clues to the cultural patterns and beliefs that influenced the circulation and reception of ideas. 相似文献
7.
The Italian middle school in a deregulation era: modernity through path-dependency and global models
Monica E. Mincu 《比较教育学》2015,51(3):446-462
In the current context of intensified moves towards educational deregulation, the configuration of the Italian middle school and its relationship to education governance is an interesting case. Historically, it represents a unique example of the successful ‘decision-making' model of the welfarist era. Despite some internal constraints, at the end of the 1970s it was considered a progressive model of schooling for its time. At present, however, internal institutional processes and path-dependencies have rendered its comprehensiveness relatively formalised and weak. A key finding of this article is that ideas, such as the ‘two people’ theory, have played a crucial role in shaping actors' strategies and goals, while references to world models, in particular the English model, have mediated the reception of global policies. Cultural factors, such as the role played by families, are deeply linked to structural issues and inequalities. An ethnographic account depicts a welfarist institution whose internal processes and links to the wider society may be seen as an example of Italian modernity that ‘speaks for itself’. Fieldwork clarifies the role of the teachers in mediating a path-dependent and cultural reproduction pattern. I argue that partial deregulation is a major source of inequalities at the middle school level, engendered by both new and old mechanisms, which further intensifies a selective path in education. This analysis will show how global deregulation trends meet local and enduring path-dependencies. 相似文献
8.
目前,德国基础教育阶段的改革主要是围绕普及义务教育、在基础教育阶段推行双元制的职业教育体制、在德育上积极抵制纳粹的影响、调整学制和教育权力的转换方面进行的。德国基础教育改革的策略对中国基础教育的改革有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
9.
日本小学生的个性教育是一种"全员化个性教育",其个性教育的成功体现于"法律和制度并重"、"教改与课改相印"、"个性与共性相融"的改革与教育实践。面对教育现代化、国际化和开放化背景,通过审视日本小学生个性教育深入开展的动力和举措,探讨我国小学教师教育理念、模式、内容和方式存在的问题与改革思路,对于促进我国基础教育的持续健康发展具有十分重要的现实意义。 相似文献
10.
Robert Cowen 《比较教育学》2014,50(3):282-301
Comparative education as a field of study in universities (and ‘comparative education’ as practised by nineteenth-century administrators of education in Canada, England, France and the USA) has always addressed the theme of ‘transfer’: that is, the movement of educational ideas, principles and practices, and institutions and policies from one place to another. The first very explicit statement of this way of thinking about ‘comparative education’ was offered in the early nineteenth century in France and was expressed in terms of the expectation that if comparative education used carefully collected data, it would become a science. Clearly – about 200 years later – a large number of systems of testing and ranking, based on the careful measurement of educational processes and product, have provided us with hard data and these data are being used within the expectation that successful transfer (of educational principles and policies and practices from one place to another) can now take place. A transferable technology exists. This article argues that this view – that ‘we’ now have a successful science of transfer – ignores almost all of the complex thinking in the field of ‘academic comparative education’ of the last 100 years; and that it is likely to take another couple of hundred years before it can approximate to being a science of successful social and educational predictions. However, what shapes the article is not this argument per se, but trying to see the ways in which the epistemology of the field of study (academic comparative education) is always embedded in the politics of both domestic educational reform and international political relations – to the point where research in the field, manifestly increasingly ‘objective’ is also de facto increasingly ‘political’. The article is about the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of that and what has been forgotten and what has not yet been noticed. 相似文献
11.
改革开放40年来,我国民办教育历经恢复发展、快速增长、规范调整、分类管理四个阶段,从“国家办学补充”到成为社会主义教育事业的重要组成部分。民办教育改革发展的综合效应不断释放,对提高教育供给水平、深化办学体制改革、促进教育与各领域融合、壮大教育资本总量等有重要价值。促进新时代民办教育健康发展,需要坚持市场机制和政府管理相结合,充分发挥市场机制在民办教育资源配置中的重要作用;坚持依法治教和改革创新相结合,在法律法规框架下推进民办教育改革发展;坚持先行先试和统筹协调相结合,用渐进式改革强化新法新政落地效果。 相似文献
12.
杜启明 《合肥教育学院学报》2013,(4):119-122
职业是人生存的必需,帮助每一个小学生开展职业探索、寻求适合其发展的职业之路,是世界各国普通教育改革与发展的重点内容之一。基于小学职业启蒙教育实施成因的分析,提出了改进小学职业启蒙教育实施现状的若干对策建议,即：政府需要给于经费支持;学校应开设职业启蒙教育课程,开展多样职业实践活动,加强教师职业教育培训;家长应更新职业理念、提升职业素养,注重对孩子进行职业引导、帮助孩子进行职业体验;社会应营造职业启蒙教育氛围,加强与学校的合作交流,建立职业启蒙教育基地,关注支持职业启蒙教育。 相似文献
13.
Katharina Resch Eva Hartmüller Sarah Walczuch Sabine Marschall 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2023,23(4):290-299
Although school development can be viewed as an emerging responsibility of teachers, special needs education in Germany does not leave sufficient room for non-teaching tasks, leading to a knowledge gap in the professionalisation of pre-service teachers with regard to school development upon entering the profession. This study focused on the preparedness of pre-service teachers in school development as a professional task at the end of their initial teacher training. The respondents of the interview study are 12 pre-service teachers enrolled at master level in special educational needs at a German university. The findings of the study report on the marginal situatedness of school development in the curriculum, the associated understanding of pre-service teachers of school development and their low assessment of the relevance of school development within special needs education. The study closes with practical recommendations on how to tackle the low level of preparedness for school development tasks in German teacher education. 相似文献
14.
Education,Eco-Progressivism and the Nature of School Reform 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
JAY ROBERTS 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2013,49(3):212-229
This article is an attempt to critique some of the limitations of dominant school reform discourses in education, drawing upon the work of Michel Foucault, Michael Apple, Maxine Greene, and Dennis Carlson, in addition to writers in the emerging field of what might be called “eco-progressivism.” The intersections between ecology and education can help construct a distinct counternarrative of progressive educational reform that is informed by ecological discourses, movements, and zeitgeists. Through the field of conservation biology, I hope to connect both ecology and education as crisis disciplines and suggest that the reform discourse in the field of biology utilizes a much different framework than that of current school reform orthodoxy. These differences have powerful and real consequences for the ways in which children and teachers experience school. Utilizing the well documented case of the failure of the Biosphere 2 research project as a grounding metaphor and cautionary tale, I plan to show not only the severe limitations of the current school reform orthodoxy but the ways in which the normalization of what I call the “biospheric number” functions as a technology of power. Finally, I hope to position the emerging worldview of eco-progressivism as a useful framework for reconsidering school reform specifically and the progressive education movement more broadly. 相似文献
15.
俄罗斯社区学校模式立足于基础教育学校的创新,致力于学校与社区互动,是一种旨在有效解决学校教育和社区社会问题的新型学校发展模式.俄罗斯社区学校模式由学校教育民主化、学校与社区关系伙伴化、学校和社区服务志愿化三个基本模块构成.基础教育学校可以根据各自的具体情况,围绕三个基本模块进行主题活动设计,开展多样化的活动.基础教育学校与社区的融合发展是俄罗斯社会和教育现代化的迫切要求.经过近20年的探索与发展,俄罗斯社区学校模式解决了一些基础教育学校中长期存在的问题,正逐渐趋向成熟.尽管俄罗斯社区学校模式的实施面临不少难题,但它很可能成为俄罗斯基础教育学校改革的主要模式,影响俄罗斯基础教育的未来发展. 相似文献
16.
高职教育的根本任务是培养高等技术应用性专门人才,以职业能力培养为本位成为高职教育人才培养模式改革的核心。边疆少数民族地区经济落后、生活条件差,普遍存在人才匮乏的情况,因此,边疆地区高校应转变办学理念,明确人才培养定位,着力推进人才培养模式改革、加强专业建设、课程体系、实践教学基地建设,积极探索,为边疆的经济发展和社会全面进步多出人才,出好人才。 相似文献
17.
ABSTRACTOver the last decades privatization policies have taken centre stage in many processes of educational reform globally. In Latin America, these policies have played an important role since the 1990s leading to an increasing participation of private agents in educational provision. The case of Uruguay stands out for having remained somehow apart from this privatization agenda. More recently, however, research has identified a significant shift in the discursive order especially driven by a series of new actors including think tanks and civil society organizations favourable to different forms of privatization. Building on case study methods and informed by a cultural political economy (CPE) approach this paper addresses two purposes. First, it attempts to explore possible explanations for the scarce development of the private sector in Uruguayan education. Second, it aims to characterize the discourses and strategies increasingly used by different actors to frame and promote policy ideas potentially leading to privatization policies. The study shows how a small but influential number of actors have become involved in the process of promoting ideas that seek to influence policymaking. Findings reveal how these actors frame school autonomy and accountability as policy solutions by means of different strategies of networking and knowledge mobilization. 相似文献
18.
全面建设小康社会，教育面临新的机遇和挑战。教育公平是全面建设小康社会的重要目标，教育公平问题是制约教育协调发展和全面建设小康社会的重要因素。综合了教育公平问题的基本现状，提出了实现教育公平的基本对策。 相似文献
19.
阳志清 《桂林师范高等专科学校学报》2002,16(3):82-84
探究当前基础教育改革中，中学历史教师面临的新挑战，提出了一些新的设想，指导历史教师切实转变角色地位，以应对当前基础教育改革的潮流。 相似文献
20.
Teachers and school administrators in Hong Kong have had to cope with more work and performance pressure as they strive to implement educational reforms aimed at deepening students’ life-long learning skills. Management systems, which save time and transfer ideas, experiences, and knowledge more efficiently could help schools meet reform goals and relieve the occupational stress that inevitably accompanies change and progress. This paper explores the effect of knowledge management (KM) for school development by reviewing three cases selected from a school improvement project entitled “Knowledge Management and Primary School Development”. The project was launched specifically to determine if KM practices can assist educators to cope with added pressures and rise to the challenges of education reforms. The case studies illustrate three separate approaches to incorporating KM systems. Problems faced by these case-schools included declining school competitiveness, time-consuming data storage and retrieval practices, and hierarchical communication structures that stunted feedback from the teachers who are on the front line of educational reform. Interviews were conducted with school principals, middle managers, and teachers. The results show that the core KM strategies of personalization and codification can be adopted to improve school development. Knowledge leadership, knowledge sharing culture, and knowledge management system support were identified as success factors for schools to implement KM. 相似文献