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新兴技术投资风险的多层次模糊综合评价模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对新兴技术的高风险和高度不确定性的特征,确立了新兴技术投资风险的评价指标体系,并在此基础上利用模糊数学知识建立了新兴技术投资风险的多层次模糊综合评价模型,以此对投资新兴技术时的各种风险进行综合评价,以便投资企业尽早采取风险控制措施。 相似文献
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本文以新兴技术动态评估方法为基础,讨论了其过程中每一步骤的风险组成。提出可以将这些风险沿着技术环境、技术自身、企业组织三个方向进行归纳、分层,并建立了新兴技术风险评估的三维分析概念模型。特别指出在新兴技术评估过程中,管理者对那些更远期、深层、抽象、隐含层面的风险的认知和理解显得尤为重要。 相似文献
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人工智能伦理风险感知信任与公众参与 《科学学研究》2022,40(7):1153-1162
随着人工智能的井喷式发展,其涉及的伦理风险,也从科幻作品中走进现实,成为众多主体热议的话题。本文以技术接受模型及风险感知理论为基础,以信任为中介,构建了公众对于人工智能伦理风险的感知与其参与风险治理意愿的研究框架,并通过实证检验了相关假设。结果显示:人工智能伦理风险感知对公众参与意向具有显著的负向影响,其中公众对科研机构和政府的信任在人工智能伦理风险感知与公众参与之间起部分中介作用。该结论为构建“政府主导、专家引领、公众参与、社会监督”的治理新格局提供了科学依据,对于新兴技术实现科技向善具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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运用制度理论,从社会网络视角讨论了连锁董事网络、制度发展与企业价值之间的关系,阐述了不同制度环境下高管继任模式对企业价值创造的影响机理。采用普通线性回归方法对中国上市公司进行了实证分析。研究发现连锁董事网络提高了企业的价值创造,但受到制度发展程度的负向调节。同时,相对保守的继任模式在制度发展程度不完善时提高了企业价值;学习导向模式在制度较为完善时更能提高企业价值。结论对新兴市场企业创新与组织学习具有理论与实践意义。 相似文献
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为系统深入研究改革开放以来外资检验检测认证机构(TIC)在华发展状况,以14家典型外资TIC机构为研究对象,将外资TIC机构在华发展历程分为探索、培育、快速发展、高质量发展4个阶段。研究发现,不同阶段外商投资政策与行业监管政策的调整直接影响到外资TIC机构在华发展战略、经营策略、业务方向、成长速度等;外资TIC机构在华发展的主要经验包括全国布局分支机构、多元业务统筹经营、开展并购抢占市场、紧贴中国市场需求、积极进军新兴领域、参与社会公益事业。基于研究发现,提出继续深化改革、强化科学监管和扶持民营机构等启示对策,以期为推进国有与民营TIC机构做大做强做优以及中国外资TIC机构监管体制机制改革提供参考借鉴。 相似文献
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为了探究战略性新兴产业技术创新的影响因素及其之间的关系,在对战略性新兴产业技术创新影响因素进行分析的基础上提出假设,构建战略性新兴产业技术创新影响因素的结构方程模型,结合问卷调查结果运用结构方程模型和因子分析法验证假设,结果表明政府干预、企业协同创新、高校及科研机构的参与、产业内组织单元的互搏意愿、关键资源、运营管理对战略性新兴产业技术创新有显著影响,其中政府干预、企业协同创新、高校及科研机构的参与、产业内组织单元的互搏意愿为主要影响因素,中介机构介入对战略性新兴产业技术创新没有显著影响。研究结论可为我国战略性新兴产业技术创新关键要素管理与控制提供指导和借鉴。 相似文献
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作为科技创新和科研成果转化的有效载体,科技型中小企业近年来发展迅猛,在引领新兴产业快速发展、突破产业技术瓶颈等方面发挥着非常重要的作用,然而融资问题一直是阻碍企业成长壮大的瓶颈。究其原因,是由于科技型中小企业存在规模小、经营风险高等特点,导致银行等金融机构"惜贷"或者外部风险投资机构对其投资持非常谨慎的态度。借助可拓学理论,采用理论与实证、定性与定量相结合的研究方法,主要目的在于对科技型中小企业的信用状况进行科学评价,尽可能降低双方的信息不对称,避免产生道德风险和逆向选择,解决融资难题。 相似文献
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Nicola Green 《The Information Society》2002,18(4):281-292
The current explosion in mobile computing and telecommunications technologies holds the potential to transform "everyday" time and space, as well as changes to the rhythms of social institutions. Sociologists are only just beginning to explore what the notion of "mobility" might mean when mediated through computing and communications technologies, and so far, the sociological treatment has been largely theoretical. This article seeks instead to explore how a number of dimensions of time and space are being newly reconstructed through the use of mobile communications technologies in everyday life. The article draws on long-term ethnographic research entitled "The Socio-Technical Shaping of Mobile Multimedia Personal Communications," conducted at the University of Surrey. This research has involved ethnographic fieldwork conducted in a variety of locales and with a number of groups. This research is used here as a resource to explore how mobile communications technologies mediate time in relation to mobile spaces. First the paper offers a review and critique of some of the major sociological approaches to understanding time and space. This review entails a discussion of how social practices and institutions are maintained and/or transformed via mobile technologies. Ethnographic data is used to explore emerging mobile temporalities. Three interconnected domains in mobile time are proposed: rhythms of mobile use, rhythms of mobile use in everyday life, and rhythms of mobility and institutional change. The article argues that while these mobile temporalities are emerging, and offer new ways of acting in and perceiving time and space, the practical construction of mobile time in everyday life remains firmly connected to well-established time-based social practices, whether these be institutional (such as clock time, "work time") or subjective (such as "family time"). 相似文献
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Developmental financial institutions (DFIs) in emerging economies regularly assess new technology platforms to support their investments in new ventures, established firms, and technology institutions (TIs). Their financing decisions are guided by national priorities such as achieving technological self-reliance. By providing attractive financing options and related support, DFIs are well placed to consciously channel finance into designated priority technology areas. To better understand DFI roles, we conducted multiple interviews with participants affiliated with DFIs, firms and TIs in India. From data gathered from these interviews and secondary data on DFIs in emerging economies, we develop a preliminary framework to suggest that DFIs, when proactive in making technology assessments, form an important link between developing a firm’s absorptive capacity and building a nation’s innovative capacity. Also, DFI financing facilitates new venture creation in the context of underdeveloped capital markets prevalent in emerging economies. To illustrate these roles, we consider technology support programs of DFIs in India and their role in the information technology (IT) industry. 相似文献
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Brain–computer interfacing technologies are used as assistive technologies for patients as well as healthy subjects to control devices solely by brain activity. Yet the risks associated with the misuse of these technologies remain largely unexplored. Recent findings have shown that BCIs are potentially vulnerable to cybercriminality. This opens the prospect of “neurocrime”: extending the range of computer-crime to neural devices. This paper explores a type of neurocrime that we call brain-hacking as it aims at the illicit access to and manipulation of neural information and computation. As neural computation underlies cognition, behavior and our self-determination as persons, a careful analysis of the emerging risks of malicious brain-hacking is paramount, and ethical safeguards against these risks should be considered early in design and regulation. This contribution is aimed at raising awareness of the emerging risk of malicious brain-hacking and takes a first step in developing an ethical and legal reflection on those risks. 相似文献
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社会医疗保险中医方道德风险的防范与控制 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
目前各国社会医疗保险中医方道德风险产生的根本性原因是“第三方支付”制度,而我国社会医疗保险中医方道德风险产生的具体原因有信息不对称、治疗不确定性等。医疗保险中医方道德风险的防范与控制需要从医方、保方、患方三方着手进行体制与制度的创新。 相似文献
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Managing competences in entrepreneurial technology firms: a comparative institutional analysis of Germany, Sweden and the UK 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Steven Casper 《Research Policy》2004,33(1):89-106
Innovating firms in new industries face a number of technological and market risks, especially appropriability and competence destruction. However, the relative significance of these varies between different sub-sectors, and so do managerial ways of dealing with them. These in turn are influenced by institutional frameworks, particularly those governing skill formation systems and labour markets. Consequently, the relative success of firms in fields with different appropriability and competence destruction risks is likely to vary between countries with contrasting patterns of labour market organisation. In the biotechnology and computer software industries, there are major differences in the dominant risks faced by innovating firms such that we would expect their relative success to differ between Germany, Sweden and the UK. While the UK and, to a limited extent, Sweden, have developed institutions similar to those found in the US that help govern “radically innovative” firm competences, Germany has invested in institutional frameworks associated with “competency enhancing” human resource practices that give its firms an advantage in more generic technologies in which organisational complexity is higher. While the distribution of public companies across sub-sectors broadly follows these expectations, Sweden has developed considerable strength in middleware software. This results from changing property rights and personnel policies at Ericsson. 相似文献
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近段时间,曾经火爆的亚洲REITs市场走冷,并浮现出了一些问题,让我们不得不开始正视REITs的风险问题.本文总结了REITs在运作过程中存在的主要风险,定量分析与定性分析相结合,分析了这些风险的成因和影响,并结合我国的金融市场现状和国外REITs发展,对我国发展REITs提出了前瞻性的分析,指出了推动REITs发展过程中应注意的风险问题以及风险管理建议. 相似文献
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基于计算机密码学、分布式系统以及博弈论等多学科理论,区块链实现了技术上的创新。区块链引发了信息存储与交互方式的变革,带来了更安全、更有效的交易模式,为优化资源配置提供了新的组织形式。区块链的技术突破,通过降低交易费用、减少交易中的不确定性与风险等,影响到经济社会制度层面的变迁。同时,区块链的纵深发展对制度如法律法规、信息产权等提出了新的要求,其应用边界也需要得到明晰。 相似文献
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中国农户的风险规避行为分析--以陕西为例 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
发展中国家农户往往缺乏包括社会保障和商业保险的正式风险规避机制,他们一般通过社会网络内风险统筹、跨时期收入转移、保守的生产行为来规避风险。对陕西省的实证研究表明,中国农村的正规风险规避机制基本处于缺失状态,而由于缺乏强制实施机制、存在流动性约束等原因,社会网络内的风险统筹和跨时期收入转移的作用受到限制。生产经营中的保守行为是农民规避风险的主要方式,但导致了农业经营的低效率。 相似文献
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开发性金融机构在企业技术创新过程中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
开发性金融机构作为政府控股机构,对发展中国家企业的技术创新有重要影响,分析了开发性金融机构通过资金配置对企业技术创新过程的影响,并探讨了与风险投资的互补效应。 相似文献
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新兴技术风险感知扩散机理分析 《科学学研究》2021,39(1):2-11
摘要：第四次工业革命的到来,催生了新兴技术的快速发展。社会公众在享受新科技带来的便利同时,会对新兴技术所引发的未知风险产生一定的恐慌与抗拒心理,并经由特定的渠道进行扩散,产生风险感知的耦合效应。因此,掌握社会系统中新兴技术风险感知的扩散规律,对于新兴技术风险的治理具有重要的理论与实践意义。本文界定了风险感知扩散的耦合概念,分析了新兴技术风险感知在社会系统中的“耦合—演化”扩散机理,构建了风险感知的社会扩散量化模型,并通过数值仿真,探讨了内、外部不同要素对新兴技术风险感知扩散的耦合影响及风险感知社会扩散效率。研究结果表明,随着个体对新兴技术风险的心理距离与公众参与新兴技术风险治理程度的增加,风险感知在社会系统中扩散的叠加效应逐渐减弱,独立效应逐渐增强,风险感知的扩散效率逐渐降低;而随着个体对传播者信任程度的提高,风险感知在社会系统中扩散的吸引效应作用逐渐凸显。 相似文献