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1.
《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(1):21-44
Political candidates have responded to the public's desire to use the Internet as an interactive information source by creating their own online presence. This study is a content analysis of the Web sites and blogs of the 10 Americans vying to be the Democratic candidate for the 2004 presidential election. Focusing on interactivity, data indicated front pages hyperlink to participation areas such as Donation or Volunteer sections and rarely linked to external content. Blogs used hyperlinks at a rate less than Web sites. Interactivity was encouraged through text, as 83.7% of Web sites asked voters to become more involved. Blog posts discussed issues and attacked the opponents, including President Bush. For the most part, blog posts were personal in nature and used direct address. The tactical use of advanced Web site features showed a technological progression of political campaigning and an overall increase in interactivity through technology and text. 相似文献
2.
Turner A Kabashi A Guthrie H Burket R Turner P 《Health information and libraries journal》2011,28(2):101-109
Objective: With Web 2.0, the variety of information sources for parents of paediatric psychiatric patients has increased dramatically. Information use theory suggests newer sources supplement rather than supplant traditional sources of health information. This study sought to determine the use and value of traditional and emerging sources of information and whether the subjects had access to highly valued sources of information. Methods: One hundred parents indicated the use and value of six sources of information on the child’s symptoms, diagnoses and treatment. The data were analyzed to determine if significant relationships existed between type of source and the use and value of the information sources. Results: Ninety‐four percent of the subjects had access to the Internet and almost half of those reported using the Social Web. Eighty‐five percent had at least one high‐value information source. The psychiatrist in the clinic, the Internet and the primary care physician were the most highly used and valued sources. Conclusion: Use of digital information sources was greater than found in other studies of similar populations. This use appears to complement rather than supplant more traditional sources. Further studies are needed to see if the negative impact of lack of Internet access is replicated. 相似文献
3.
Web hyperlink analysis has been a key topic of Webometric research. However, inlink data collection from commercial search engines has been limited to only one source in recent years, which is not a promising prospect for the future development of the field. We need to tap into other Web data sources and to develop new methods. Toward this end, we propose a new Webometrics concept that is based on words rather than inlinks on Webpages. We propose that word co-occurrences on Webpages can be a measure of the relatedness of organizations. Word co-occurrence data can be collected from both general search engines and blog search engines, which expands data sources greatly. The proposed concept is tested in a group of companies in the LTE and WiMax sectors of the telecommunications industry. Data on the co-occurrences of company names on Webpages were collected from Google and Google Blog. The co-occurrence matrices were analyzed using MDS. The resulting MDS maps were compared with industry reality and with the MDS maps from co-link analysis. Results show that Web co-word analysis could potentially be as useful as Web co-link analysis. Google Blog seems to be a better source than Google for co-word data collection. 相似文献
4.
This study examined college students' use of online media for political purposes in the 2008 election. Social media attention, online expression, and traditional Internet attention were assessed in relation to political self-efficacy and situational political involvement. Data from a Web survey of college students showed significant positive relationships between attention to traditional Internet sources and political self-efficacy and situational political involvement. Attention to social media was not significantly related to political self-efficacy or involvement. Online expression was significantly related to situational political involvement but not political self-efficacy. Implications are discussed for political use of online media for young adults. 相似文献
5.
This paper examines the way in which Taiwan is connected to on the World Wide Web in South Korea. The Web may represent a new channel for the communication among a global society's members and a reflection of international relations. Thus, it is necessary to explore the distribution of relations formed and maintained on the Web and the contents of those relations as well. This paper traced South Korean Web pages hyperlinking pages hosted in Taiwan, using a search engine. The context in which Taiwan appears in South Korean pages was also examined. Specifically, the structure of hyperlink connectivity from South Korea and Taiwan was analyzed. It was found that the hyperlink network was very sparsely connected in terms of the number of South Korean Web pages hyperlinking to the pages of the other country. The contents of hyperlink-connected information were categorized and analyzed. The most often occurring content category was ‘Computers & Internet’ in Taiwan. This suggests that South Korean Web users including organizations are more interested in computer-related products in Taiwan than any other things. The implication of this paper is to examine the state and form of international information flow from South Korea to Taiwan based on the patterns of hyperlink relations inscribed on South Korean Web pages and the type and content of information. 相似文献
6.
《Journal of Web Librarianship》2013,7(1):63-78
Measuring quality of service in academic libraries traditionally includes quantifiable data such as collection size, staff counts, circulation numbers, reference service statistics, qualitative analyses of customer satisfaction, shelving accuracy, and building comfort. In the libraries of the third millennium, virtual worlds, Web content and remote customer populations mean that traditional measures of quality service are no longer complete. Applying methods to quantify effectiveness is vital to future success, and is a necessary precursor to examining quality of service. This case study of a small, virtual academic library, created to serve a non-traditional student population, faculty, and community, illustrates the use of measures such as the saturation rate of student population, the percentage of bibliographic sessions and orientations compared to number of courses offered, and Web site traffic patterns. As library services are affected by factors such as self-sufficient customers, declining physical collections, staff cuts, and increases in virtual traffic, all types of academic libraries may find it useful to implement the relatively uncomplicated data analysis explored in this article, in addition to established methodologies. 相似文献
7.
《Library & information science research》2005,27(1):8-27
Hyperlinks from other Web sites are, in some respect, similar to bibliographical citations. Link analysis, like citation analysis in bibliometrics, has emerged as a research area of webometrics in recent years. But why are links made and where do they point? A sample of inlinked Web entities (i.e., Web pages or Web sites) was randomly selected from a group of academic institutions' Web sites. The inlinked sites, along with the hyperlink data and outlinking sites, were analyzed and categorized to form a taxonomy of inlinked sites. Based on this taxonomy, a list of reasons for hyperlinking, grouped in four top-level categories (teaching/learning, research, service, and home page), was identified. Compared with bibliographical citations, hyperlinks were made for a different set of reasons. Hyperlinking also has fewer dimensions, less complexity, and little negative implication. On the whole, almost 50% of all the inlinks examined were created for pointing to resource or directory information provided at the target Web sites. In addition, nearly three fourths (73%) of all the inlinked sites analyzed in this study were linked to for reasons relating to service or home page while less than one third (27%) of the links were made out of research or teaching/learning motivations. Yet, teaching and research are the two major criteria traditionally used for evaluating academic institutions. These findings, although by no means conclusive, suggest that evaluative link-based studies should not only consider link counts but also reasons for hyperlinking in order to ensure the validity of such research. 相似文献
8.
Anchor texts complement Web page content and have been used extensively in commercial Web search engines. Existing methods
for anchor text weighting rely on the hyperlink information which is created by page content editors. Since anchor texts are
created to help user browse the Web, browsing behavior of Web users may also provide useful or complementary information for
anchor text weighting. In this paper, we discuss the possibility and effectiveness of incorporating browsing activities of
Web users into anchor texts for Web search. We first make an analysis on the effectiveness of anchor texts with browsing activities.
And then we propose two new anchor models which incorporate browsing activities. To deal with the data sparseness problem
of user-clicked anchor texts, two features of user’s browsing behavior are explored and analyzed. Based on these features,
a smoothing method for the new anchor models is proposed. Experimental results show that by incorporating browsing activities
the new anchor models outperform the state-of-art anchor models which use only the hyperlink information. This study demonstrates
the benefits of Web browsing activities to affect anchor text weighting. 相似文献
9.
《Library & information science research》2004,26(2):162-176
The Internet Archive, an important initiative that maintains a record of the evolving Web, has the promise of being a key resource for historians and those who study the Web itself. The archive's goal is to index the whole Web without making any judgments about which pages are worth saving. The potential importance of the archive for longitudinal and historical Web research leads to the need to evaluate its coverage. This article focuses upon whether there is an international bias in its coverage. The results show that there are indeed large national differences in the archive's coverage of the Web. A subsequent statistical analysis found differing national average site ages and hyperlink structures to be plausible explanations for this uneven coverage. Although the bias is unintentional, researchers using the archive in the future need to be aware of this problem. 相似文献
10.
Susan Shultz 《Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship》2013,18(1):25-30
ABSTRACT In this article Jenkins and Beall, librarians at Auburn University, have identified free Web sites for providing answers to business reference questions most frequently asked in academic libraries. The authors determined these questions by polling other business librarians, researching the topic on the Internet and in business literature, and drawing upon their business reference backgrounds. Web sites were selected by searching the Internet extensively, querying other business librarians and business faculty, combing numerous business academic library Web pages, and experience by the authors in answering business reference questions via the Web. The researchers sought answers and noted productive sites for each question. Jenkins and Beall expect this article will help other librarians determine the most useful Internet sites for answering business reference questions. They also hope this research will provide guidelines for librarians in developing solid lists of essential Web sites for business researchers. 相似文献
11.
中文期刊影响因子与网络影响因子和外部链接数的关系研究 总被引：49，自引：2，他引：47
学术期刊是科学信息的重要载体,而Internet是方便信息交流的新兴场所.因此,现在越来越多的学术期刊建立了自己的网站,于是期刊网站的评价也越来越受到人们的关注.本文以部分工程类中文期刊为例,利用AllTheWeb搜索它们网站的外部链接数,并计算其网络影响因子,然后将中国科学技术信息研究所(ISTIC)2001年底公布的2000年期刊影响因子与它们一一对应比较,发现期刊的影响因子与期刊网站的网络影响因子和外部链接数之间均存在着有意义的相关关系,因此,网站的外部链接数和网络影响因子均可作为网站评价的重要指标. 相似文献
12.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(1-2):244-249
Summary Information from government sources is being added to the Internet at an ever-increasing rate. Catalogers at Penn State are working with AACR2, OCLC's Internet Cataloging Project (Inter-cat), and the creators of the Penn State Libraries' World Wide Web Home Page to include both Internet sites and electronic publications in the library's online catalog. The use of cataloging records to show relationships between Internet resources and the printed materials that they supplement or replace is demonstrated. 相似文献
13.
This study reports the results of a survey conducted at Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) to determine the extent to which Internet users are aware and make use of the Internet resources and services. The study examines the information searching behavior of Internet users. A questionnaire and follow-up interviews with the postgraduate students, research scholars and academic staff were conducted to collect data. A total of 489 questionnaires were distributed to the selected sample of eight faculties; 405 valid samples were collected. The data were analyzed according to the background of Internet users, Internet information searching behavior, use of Internet resources and services, quality of Internet information, problems of the Internet access and need for Internet literacy. The study found that the majority of respondents had a 5 year history of Internet access. The academic staff spent more time on the Internet than the students and research scholars. Although Internet search engines were the preferred information searching tool, other methods such as databases, gateways and World Wide Web (WWW) were also used. Online journals and databases were the preferred information sources among the Internet users. Respondents chose e-mail, WWW and search engines as important Internet services. About 60% of respondents believed that the good quality of information on the Internet made it a useful tool for education and research. Slow speed, lack of training and information overload were indicated as some of the factors affecting Internet usage. Further, recommendations are made to improve the use of Internet, including a well-planned Internet literacy program and preparation of subject gateways. 相似文献
14.
青少年网络信息查询行为影响因素实证分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用实证研究方法,对青少年的认知风格、年级和任务类型因素对其网络信息查询效果和具体查询行为的影响进行探究。结果表明,青少年所在的年级和任务类型对其查询效果和行为有较大影响,高中生的表现整体较初中生好,完成不同任务时青少年的信息行为有较大差异;认知风格仅对点击网页内超链接次数有所影响。 相似文献
15.
Heidi Senior Kerry Wu Diane M. Martin Margaret Mellinger 《Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship》2013,18(3):202-229
Revisiting a study performed 30 years ago, researchers at three institutions surveyed undergraduate and graduate students in marketing courses to determine their attitudes toward and knowledge of library services and collections. Results found that 21st-century students are more likely to believe in the importance of library research, to have had library instruction, and to use Web sites and Internet search engines to begin their research. However, they are less likely to read business periodicals. Faced with a list of information sources, they are generally able to pick out a useful resource, although not always the most efficient. Implications for library service to business students are discussed. 相似文献
16.
基于关键字匹配的搜索引擎排序网页时仅仅考虑评价网页的重要性,而忽视分类;基于分类目录的搜索引擎很难动态分析Web信息。本文在分析它们不足的前提下,提出利用模糊聚类的方法对搜索引擎的检索结果进行动态分类,依据超链分析算法PageRank和Web文档隶属度相结合进行分类排序,并给出具有调节值的结合公式。实验证明,该算法能够更有效地满足用户的需要,提高检索效率。 相似文献
17.
主要介绍了设计开发Web主题信息采集系统的一个核心算法——超链接主题预测算法。文章在已有理论的基础上，通过实验分析，发现超链接的主题主要取决于三个因素：父网页的主题相关度、锚文本的主题相关度和Web子图的链接结构特性，从而提出了基于Web页面内容和链接结构的超链接主题预测算法，系统评价结果显示该算法有很好的效果。 相似文献
18.
A General Evaluation Framework for Topical Crawlers 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Topical crawlers are becoming important tools to support applications such as specialized Web portals, online searching, and competitive intelligence. As the Web mining field matures, the disparate crawling strategies proposed in the literature will have to be evaluated and compared on common tasks through well-defined performance measures. This paper presents a general framework to evaluate topical crawlers. We identify a class of tasks that model crawling applications of different nature and difficulty. We then introduce a set of performance measures for fair comparative evaluations of crawlers along several dimensions including generalized notions of precision, recall, and efficiency that are appropriate and practical for the Web. The framework relies on independent relevance judgements compiled by human editors and available from public directories. Two sources of evidence are proposed to assess crawled pages, capturing different relevance criteria. Finally we introduce a set of topic characterizations to analyze the variability in crawling effectiveness across topics. The proposed evaluation framework synthesizes a number of methodologies in the topical crawlers literature and many lessons learned from several studies conducted by our group. The general framework is described in detail and then illustrated in practice by a case study that evaluates four public crawling algorithms. We found that the proposed framework is effective at evaluating, comparing, differentiating and interpreting the performance of the four crawlers. For example, we found the IS crawler to be most sensitive to the popularity of topics.Partially supported by National Science Foundation CAREER grant No. IIS-0133124/0348940. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Web Librarianship》2013,7(1):88-104
A survey was conducted between July and November 2012 to determine how academic libraries in the United States and Canada marketed and delivered information literacy on the Web. A random sample of 264 institutions was taken from Peterson's Four-Year Colleges 2012, and the authors checked each Web site of the academic libraries of the institutions in the sample for instruction-related activities. Only 65 percent of the libraries in the sample advertised library instruction as a service on the Web, while 64 percent of the libraries boasted research guides and tutorials. Sixteen percent of the libraries provided direct links to ACRL's Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education, and 24 percent made an effort to explain and define the term “information literacy” to their users. The authors hope the findings can help determine how academic libraries are currently using the Internet to increase information literacy on the Web and set a new platform for better strategies for advocating information literacy. 相似文献
20.
This study investigated the self-efficacy perceptions of Israeli library and information science students regarding their information seeking behavior. That is, it examined the judgments that participants make of their searching abilities. The study was based on Bandura's four sources of self-efficacy information: past performance or mastery experiences, vicarious experiences of observing the experiences of others, social feedback and affective states. An online survey presenting the Information Seeking Self-Perception Scale (IRSPS) was distributed and 205 students completed the questionnaire anonymously. Findings show that participants reported a high level of self-efficacy and that three of the four sources of self-efficacy information were significant in constructing their self-efficacy beliefs. Correlations between self-efficacy percepts and several socio-demographic variables revealed no gender-based differences. A significant correlation was found between age and degree and the sources with more influence. Older postgraduate students reported being more impacted by their mastery experiences, their affective states and social feedback. The implementation of the Information Seeking Self-Perception Scale (IRSPS) can be valuable when designing and implementing LIS academic programs for different groups of students. 相似文献