共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 953 毫秒
1.
粒子图像测速(PIV)技术是一种用于测量流体速度及相关特性的光学方法,提供瞬时、同步的流场和无干扰测量是PIV技术的独特特征.随着数字成像、图像处理、计算机技术的发展,PIV技术的应用范围已经十分广泛.采用细长旋成体为模型,利用PIV技术对模型不同截面的流体的速度特性及运动规律进行研究.结果表明,PIV技术非常适于显示涡流、湍流等复杂的流动结构,是风洞实验中研究流动特性的一种非常有效、准确的方法.该项技术已成功地应用在北京航空航天大学流体力学教育部重点实验室D-4风洞的二维流动测量中. 相似文献
2.
《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2019,(8)
目的:船用螺旋桨性能评估中常用的雷诺平均方法(RANS)存在许多难题,特别是在处理边界层发展、尺度效应、翼尖和轮毂涡等复杂流动现象时。本文使用动态大涡模拟(DLES)、延迟分离涡模拟(DDES)和应力混合涡模拟(SBES)三种尺度解析模拟(SRS)方法,以提高流动特性预测的准确性。创新点:1.通过SRS方法详细地描述螺旋桨流场的不规则和多尺度湍流结构;2.通过粒子图像测速(PIV)试验,分析缩比螺旋桨的真实流场。方法:1.考虑叶片的周期分布和计算消耗,提取1/5的螺旋桨计算区域,并采用局部网格细化方法,获得分辨率足够高的网格模型(图1);通过仿真结果与已有试验数据的对比,验证SRS方法在螺旋桨性能预测方面的可行性与有效性(图3)。2.通过搭建PIV试验装置(图4),得到缩比螺旋桨在特定横截面上的速度和涡量分布情况下的尾流演变(图9和10),从而分析SRS方法对流场结构的捕捉能力。结论:1.通过定量和定性分析发现,SRS方法在预测特征参数和捕捉流场信息方面表现良好,特别是值得重点关注的SBES模型;2.作为一种可视化流场分析工具,PIV测量方法可以为螺旋桨等旋转机械的设计和性能改进提供一定的参考依据。 相似文献
3.
为了突破壳体引起的视场粒子图像局部畸变限制，实现泵内多关键流场信息精细化测量，将内窥镜技术与粒子图像测速(PIV)技术相结合，提出了适用于喷水推进泵的内窥式PIV非定常流场测量方法。以前置导叶喷水推进泵为研究对象，采用该方法测量了导叶前、叶轮后及静动间轴截面非定常、周期性流场速度分布，分析了不同工况下泵内多关键流域的流动规律与特性。试验结果验证了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
4.
对微型燃气轮机旋流燃烧室内湍流流动PIV测量中产生的非轴对称性误差的原因进行了分析,提出了基于CFD技术的旋流燃烧室内湍流流动PIV测量误差的修正方法,将修正后的实验数据与数值计算结果进行了比较,结果表明,该修正方法可以有效地减小旋流燃烧室内湍流流动PIV测量中产生的非轴对称性的误差。 相似文献
5.
根据塑件结构及其模具特点,基于ANSYS软件,建立并模拟了塑料熔体在浇注系统中的流动模型．通过分析熔体在浇注系统的流动方式,对计算模型、初始条件和边界条件进行了简化,比较了熔体初始速度及浇口长度对于出口处熔体流动行为的影响,并用于指导模具浇注系统的设计． 相似文献
6.
《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2019,(1)
目的:提出一种自由汇流旋涡形成过程建模求解方法,得到其临界贯穿条件,并揭示其Ekman边界层抽吸演化机理。创新点:1.基于二维Rankine位势涡理论,建立自由汇流旋涡动力学模型,得到其压力、速度分布;2.提出一种基于Helmholtz方程的汇流旋涡贯穿临界条件求解方法;3.成功搭建一种基于双目内窥技术的汇流旋涡观测实验平台,可实现对旋涡贯穿及Ekman抽吸过程的精确观测。方法:1.将汇流旋涡定义为涡核与核外流两部分,并基于Bernoulli方程与Lamb-ΓΡΟΜΕΚΟ方程得到汇流旋涡界面形状及压力、速度分布;2.基于上述动力学模型,结合Helmholtz涡量动力学方程,利用分离变量积分方法,得到旋涡形成轴向速度与深度的解析关系表达式;3.基于粒子图像测速(PIV)方法,结合双目内窥技术,实现对汇流旋涡临界贯穿与边界层抽吸的流动细节特征的实时追踪。结论:1.汇流旋涡临界贯穿条件是一个解集,这是由不同的流场初始扰动条件造成的;2.旋涡抽吸孔最低点的高度由容器的几何参数决定,与初始扰动速度无关;3.若初始扰动增强,旋涡深度与Ekman层厚度增加,但在抽吸过程中的边界层涡量强度有减弱趋势;4.PIV实验验证了上述理论结果的正确性,并观测到旋涡半径边界与涡量集聚现象。 相似文献
7.
刘文志 《福建工程学院学报》2020,(4):387-392
为确定用于超大口径（>=1500mm）光学非球面成形加工的超精密数控磨床的构型设计方案,本文开展了2种不同构型龙门机床的空间运动误差建模及比较研究。基于多体系统理论,通过建立2种构型龙门机床的拓扑结构图,推导二者的空间运动误差模型;并基于该模型,采用仿真手段比较了二者用于超大尺寸光学非球面加工过程的砂轮中心点误差变化规律;仿真结果表明,在加工大口径非球面元件时,工作台移动式的机床构型具有相对较小的空间运动误差,但两种构型龙门机床的误差十分接近。在综合考虑二者在大口径非球面元件加工过程中的其他特点后,确定了该超精密磨削机床构型为工作台固定的桥式龙门结构。 相似文献
8.
以系统论与控制论为基础描述了教师资源在某高校内外流动的过程,运用系统动力学的方法分析了高校教师资源流动的因果关系,构建了系统动力学模型,使用Vensim PLE软件实现了系统仿真,并验证了模型的有效性和灵敏度。结果表明,该模型能够较好地拟合实际的高校教师资源流动的过程,并能为促进高校教师队伍建设提供有效的决策支持。 相似文献
9.
提出过冷流动沸腾热传递的分形模型,根据加热表面活化点的分形分布得到了过冷流动沸腾热流密度的表达式。从该模型中发现过冷流动沸腾热流密度是壁面过热度、流体的过冷度、流体的主流速度与流体的接触角、流体物理特性的函数关系,并且没有增加新的经验常数。模型预测的结果与实验数据进行了比较,两者是极好的吻合。 相似文献
10.
《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2019,(12)
目的:研究土体内部的流动现象对岩土、农业及地质工程等领域具有重要意义。本文旨在探讨孔隙的平均直径、直径标准差、配位数及各向异性对土体内部水压、流量分布、流动模式及关键流动路径的影响,为评估土质屏障中的优势流动行为提供依据。创新点:1.在孔隙尺度分析孔隙特征对土体宏观渗透率及内部流动规律的影响;2.评估多个孔隙特征参数(如孔隙的平均直径、直径标准差、配位数及三种孔隙直径分布形式)对土体内部优势流动行为的影响。方法:1.将土体孔隙空间简化为由孔隙与吼道互相连接构成的球-杆模型,并通过改变孔隙和吼道的特征参数来描述复杂的孔隙结构;2.利用孔隙网络模型得到单元体内部水压和流量分布情况,为计算土体固有渗透率和评估其流动特性提供基础数据;3.基于击穿路径的概念,分析不同孔隙特征下土体内部流动的迂曲和非均匀程度;4.通过引入吼道收缩系数,调整水平或竖直吼道直径大小,评估孔隙各向异性对流动规律的影响。结论:1.土体的孔隙率和固有渗透率均随着孔隙直径平均值的增大、标准差的减小及配位数的增大而增大。2.孔隙直径的变异系数(COV)越高,土体内部水压和流量的分布越不均匀;配位数的提高会削弱水压的局部化分布但会提高流量的不均匀程度。3.随着COV的提高,击穿路径变得更加曲折;当COV由0增加到1.0时,击穿路径的迂曲度由1.00增加到大约1.71,击穿路径承担的流量占总流量的比值由2.0%提高到7.8%。4.水平与竖直吼道直径比值的提高,也会导致击穿路径迂曲度的提高;水平与竖直固有渗透率的比值和水平与竖直吼道直径的比值呈双对数线性相关。 相似文献
11.
利用相似理论建立数学模型,应用激光粒子测速仪PIV,以两种不同的油品为介质,有机玻璃油罐为载体,使用环形喷管,模拟了油品的调和,进行了速度场的测量。从而得到了同一个截面的平均速度矢量场和涡量场,分析了不同雷诺数对流场的影响,以及对应的涡量变化。通过实验表明,PIV测试油品调和的流场是一种可行和有效的实验方法。 相似文献
12.
Numerical investigation of cavitating flow behind the cone of a poppet valve in water hydraulic system 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of cavitating flow through water hydraulic poppet valves were performed using
advanced RNGk-epsilon turbulence model. The flow was turbulent, incompressible and unsteady, for Reynolds numbers greater than 43000. The
working fluid was water, and the structure of the valve was simplified as a two dimensional axisymmetric geometrical model.
Flow field visualization was numerically achieved. The effects of inlet velocity, outlet pressure, opening size as well as
poppet angle on cavitation intensity in the poppet valve were numerically investigated. Experimental flow visualization was
conducted to capture cavitation images near the orifice in the poppet valve with 30° poppet angle using high speed video camera.
The binary cavitating flow field distribution obtained from digital processing of the original cavitation image showed a good
agreement with the numerical result.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59835160) and Scientific Research Foundation for
Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China (No. 50175097) 相似文献
13.
14.
Particle image velocimetry （PIV） experimental results of wake flow structure of a NACA0012 airfoil with small attack angle mounted above water surface are introduced.The experiment was carried out in a small-scale wind-wave tunnel.The diameter of wind-wave tunnel test section is 1.7 m （long） × 0.4 m （width） × 0.4 m （height）.The flow fields around the airfoil were measured under four diffierent conditions by varying the distance between the airfoil and the water surface.The attack angle of the airfoil was kept 10- during the experiment.For each experimental condition,the time series of particle images was captured to calculate continuous evolution of the velocity fields.The velocity fields were ensemble averaged to get the statistic parameters such as mean velocity and vorticity.Typical instantaneous velocity fields for each case are introduced to show the basic flow structure of wind surface flow separation.The aerodynamic loads acting on the airfoil are analyzed qualitatively according to the mean vorticity distribution in the flow field based on the theory of vorticity aerodynamics.The results indicate that the flow structures and drag/lift force of the airfoil alter remarkably with the changing distance between the airfoil and water surface. 相似文献
15.
NomenclatureV-Relative velocity vectorV′-Absolute velocity vectorω-Relative vorticity vectorω′-Absolute vorticity vectorR-Pipe radiusa-Radius of cylinder for helical vortex filament2πl-Pitch of i mage helical vortex filamentQ-Flowrate in pipe with an arbitrary cross-sectionΓ-Circulation of each helical vortex filamentV0-Constant transferal velocity of vortex filaments along thez-axisΩ-Constant angular velocity of vortex filaments around thez-axis(a,χ1) ,(a,χ2) -Relative helical … 相似文献
16.
Experimental Study of Sediment Incipience Under Complex Flows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sediment incipience under flows passing a backward-facing step was studied. A series of experiments were conducted to measure
scouring depth, probability of sediment incipience, and instantaneous flow velocity field downstream of a backward-facing
step. Instantaneous flow velocity fields were measured by using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), and an image processing
method for determining probability of sediment incipience was employed to analyze the experimental data. The experimental
results showed that the probability of sediment incipience was the highest near the reattachment point, even though the near-wall
instantaneous flow velocity and the Reynolds stress were both much higher further downstream of the backward-facing step.
The possible mechanisms are discussed for the sediment incipience near the reattachment point.
Partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10602017), Maritime Research Center and DHI-NTU Center
of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. 相似文献
17.
This paper presents a KIVA-3 code based numerical model for three-dimensional transient intake flow in the intake port-valve-cylinder
system of internal combustion engine using body-fitted technique, which can be used in numerical study on internal combustion
engine with vertical and inclined valves, and has higher calculation precision. A numerical simulation (on the intake process
of a two-valve engine with a semi-sphere combustion chamber and a radial intake port) is provided for analysis of the velocity
field and pressure field of different plane at different crank angles. The results revealed the formation of the tumble motion,
the evolution of flow field parameters and the variation of tumble ratios as important information for the design of engine
intake system. 相似文献
18.
Short path distillation (SPD) is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products.In this paper,through measuring the phase-averaged velocity distributions with a conditional sampling method of the particle imaging velocimetry (PIV), the liquid flow field that affects the heat and mass transfer of evaporating thin-film in an SPD evaporator is investigated.Measured results show that the flow velocities decrease rapidly apart from the wiper at different wiper velocities, the maximum velocity appears before wipers, and the quicker the wiping, the larger the flow velocity. Meanwhile, the evaluation of numerical calculations is carried out.The measured velocity distributions indicate clearly the effect of the wiper both on the flow field along its moving direction and on the vortices behind the wiper.Simulation data show that the performance of liquid flow field on the heating surface not only agrees with the experimental results well,but also can give further more information, such as the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy.In this study,turbulent kinetic energy mainly distributes before wipers and laminar flow appears far away from the wipers. 相似文献
19.
Short path distillation (SPD) is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products. In this paper ,through measuring the phase-averaged velocity distributions with a conditional sampling method of the particle imaging velocimetry ( PIV), the liquid flow field that affects the heat and mass transfer of evaporating thin-film in an SPD evaporator is investigated. Measured results show that the flow velocities decrease rapidly apart from the wiper at different wiper velocities, the maximum velocity appears before wipers, and the quicker the wiping, the larger the flow velocity. Meanwhile, the evaluation of numerical calculations is carried out. The measured velocity distributions indicate clearly the effect of the wiper both on the flow field along its moving direction and on the vortices behind the wiper. Simulation data show that the performance of liquid flow field on the heating surface not only agrees with the experimental results well, but also can give further more information, such as the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy. In this study ,turbulent kinetic energy mainly distributes before wipers and laminar flow appears far away from the wipers. 相似文献