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1.
英国在公共部门信息再利用方面取得的成绩有目共睹,可与美国的公共部门信息再利用相提并论。英国的公共部门信息再利用在发展过程中形成了自己的特点,构建了独有的英国公共部门信息再利用模式。该模式特点是：有力的监管环境、设立专门的监管机构、鼓励公众积极参与、利用先进的信息技术。该模式存在的问题是：规则中的某些术语不明确、监管机构没有真正的制裁权、地方政府缺乏对公共部门信息政策的支持。 相似文献
2.
英国公共部门信息再利用模式分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
英国在公共部门信息再利用方面取得的成绩有目共睹,可与美国的公共部门信息再利用相提并论。英国的公共部门信息再利用在发展过程中形成了自己的特点,构建了独有的英国公共部门信息再利用模式。该模式特点是:有力的监管环境、设立专门的监管机构、鼓励公众积极参与、利用先进的信息技术。该模式存在的问题是:规则中的某些术语不明确、监管机构没有真正的制裁权、地方政府缺乏对公共部门信息政策的支持。 相似文献
3.
《Journalism Practice》2013,7(2):212-229
British newspapers have been criticised for their coverage of the European Union and accused of contributing to the strength of anti-European opinion in the United Kingdom. Despite these claims, research by media sociologists and political communications scholars has commonly focused on news reporting, overlooking editorial opinions on European issues. This article addresses this gap by presenting a sociological analysis of editorial journalism in relation to European integration at 10 British national newspapers. The findings show that newspapers vary widely in the resources and roles they have assigned for editorialising on Europe, and provide an original insight into the common routines employed for producing editorial opinion. A model, entitled the editorial production process, is developed to illustrate the key stages of this routine. The specialist practices of editorial journalism are discussed through the identification of a set of editorial values used to select issues for comment. 相似文献
4.
Bea Klotz 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(1):95-101
The author presents recent facts and figures for the Central and Eastern European Online Library (CEEOL), as well as some statistics on institutional usage displaying Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 相似文献
5.
《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(1-2):69-73
ABSTRACT The article summarizes presentations at a symposium on bibliographical resources for Eastern and Central European studies, held at the Herder-Institut in Marburg, Germany. Online resources were presented from Germany (primarily), Austria, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 相似文献
6.
《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(1):77-81
The structure, funding, and audience size of public service broadcasting (PSB) revealed in the four countries examined in the articles in this issue of The Journal of Media Economics differ markedly from one another but exhibit few surprises. PSB in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada is highly centralized, but relatively decentralized in the United States. The United Kingdom devotes the largest proportion of its gross national product to PSB, and the United States devotes the smallest. Similarly, PSB in the United Kingdom attracts the largest share of the television audience among the four countries, and U.S. public television attracts the smallest. Although the future relevance of PSB in Canada may be at risk, the provision of PSB in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States seems likely to continue in its present form for the foreseeable future. 相似文献
7.
《Journalism Practice》2013,7(3):282-299
The media production industries of most European countries have undergone considerable changes in the last 30 years. The de-regulation of the sector and technological changes have transformed recruitment and employment practices, with some impact on the ethnic composition of the media workforce. Based on relevant literature and the views of 68 senior journalists and media professionals in Italy, Greece, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Poland and the Netherlands, the article examines the factors—impeding and facilitating—that determine migrant employment in the European media. It highlights the many aspects of the recruitment process and the nature of media work that can pose additional barriers to those outside the mainstream of society. For a full explanation of the methodology of the research project, please see the introduction in this themed section: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2012.740213. 相似文献
8.
Michael Jubb 《New Review of Academic Librarianship》2013,19(1-2):35-50
This paper reports on the setting up of the Research Information Network (RIN) and its work since 2005 in relation to scholarly communications and open access. A key aim has been to help in finding ways to ensure that—as the activities, interests and expectations of all who are involved in scholarly communications change in fundamental and disruptive fashion—the UK research base is supported with effective arrangements for handling and communicating the results of research. The RIN has sought to operate in collaboration with all the key groups of stakeholders, from the research, funding, library and publisher communities. The results of studies of funders’ policies, of the available evidence relating to scholarly journal publishing in the United Kingdom, and of researcher behaviour in finding and using open access and other information resources are described. The process leading to the publication of a statement setting out key principles for the scholarly communications process that has been endorsed by the key UK representative bodies for the publishing, the library and information, and the research funding communities is analysed. 相似文献
9.
A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Organizational Dissent and Workplace Freedom in Five European Economies
Individuals in five European countries—Finland, France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom (n = 1184)—completed a survey exploring the relationship between organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Results revealed workplace freedom of speech is positively correlated with dissent among the entire sample in France and in Germany. Results in Spain were nonsignificant. In the United Kingdom, there was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and dissent. There was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and articulated dissent and a positive relationship with latent dissent in Finland. Moreover, MANCOVA testing showed nationality to have a significant effect on organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Germans scored the highest on dissent and workplace freedom with Spain scoring the lowest. 相似文献
10.
Maureen Dwyer 《Health information and libraries journal》1999,16(3):174-191
The survey aims were to determine research priorities in the Health Library and Information Services sector in the United Kingdom as to their perceived value for the professional and impact on user needs and to identify areas suitable for collaborative research. A 34-member panel consisting of the Chairs of professional groups, journal editors, educationalists, key organizations and representatives from the Health Libraries Group, Libraries for Nursing and University Health Science Libraries professional groups, participated in a three-round postal questionnaire survey using the Delphi Technique. Consensus was achieved for a final set of 20 research priorities. The priorities and their category groups are discussed in the context of (i) the current R&D scene, and (ii) the health information environment. Six developmental recommendations are provided. 相似文献
11.
Paul Lashmar 《Journalism Practice》2017,11(6):665-688
From June 2013, documents leaked by the National Security Agency (NSA) dissident Edward Snowden revealed that Western intelligence agencies are capable of bulk collection of electronic communications flowing through global telecommunication systems. Surveillance data shared by the “Five Eyes” eavesdropping agencies of the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand include journalist’s communications. In the wake of the Snowden leak, Zygmunt Bauman and colleagues called for a systematic assessment of the scale, reach and character of contemporary surveillance practices. This paper explores a specific part of Bauman’s task by assessing the impact of the Snowden revelations on confidential source-based journalism. Interviews were conducted with a range of investigative journalists who have experience of covering national security in Five Eyes countries. All expressed serious concern over the intelligence agencies’ greatly enhanced capability to track journalists and to identify and neutralise their sources. The paper concludes that there is clear evidence of a paradigmatic shift in journalist–source relations as those interviewed regard Five Eyes mass surveillance as a most serious threat to the fourth estate model of journalism as practised in Western democratic countries. 相似文献
12.
真正实现科学数据的共享服务,必须制定一系列的共享政策法规,充分发挥政策法规在调整科学数据共享领域中相关利益人（包括数据的提供方、数据的保管方、数据的使用方等）的重要作用.论文通过网站访问和文献研究对美国、英国、新西兰、澳大利亚等国外科学数据库的数据共享政策建设情况,进行了调查分析,并试图从科学数据相关利益人与数据共享领域两个角度出发,了解其发展现状与态势. 相似文献
13.
Sylvia M. Chan-Olmsted 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(1-2):2-3
This research critically examines the debate and issues surrounding theory and practice concerning regulation and advertising self-regulation with the aim of understanding more fully the implications for the future of coregulation, as well as for coregulating broadcast advertising. Regulatory reform in the United Kingdom, including the creation of the Office of Communications (Ofcom) as a unified regulator for the communications industry, has led to contracting out the regulation of broadcast advertising to an industry coregulator. As a result of a critical examination of theory and practice, important theoretical and managerial implications are made regarding effective interfacing with public and consumer bodies as well as approaches to issues of media convergence. Such analyses and implications are important for understanding better the potential for effectiveness and viability of coregulation as well as for evaluating the likelihood of returning to statutory regulation. 相似文献
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15.
档案信息的开放利用与隐私保护之间的矛盾与平衡是档案学界的重要课题,档案封闭期是其中的核心概念。国外公共档案信息的封闭期通常以法律法规的形式予以规定。国外档案学术界相关的理论研究,以及英国、美国、瑞士、法国、德国、瑞典及欧盟的档案封闭期法律法规建设的发展,为我国档案学术界关于封闭期的研究提供了启示：强化信息公开理念,促进国家民主建设;遵循可分割性原则,增强信息公开科学性;细化档案法律法规,平衡知情权与隐私权;提升从业人员素质,强化学会组织功能。 相似文献
16.
Des Freedman 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(1-2):16-23
Recent revisions of media regulation and legislation have emphasized diversity and pluralism as key objectives. Both the Federal Communication Commission's rewriting of broadcasting ownership rules in 2003 and the United Kingdom government's 2003 Communications Act insist that the public interest is best met through providing a dynamic, market-led approach to communications regulation. This article highlights definitions of diversity and pluralism that are increasingly ubiquitous in legislative and regulatory instruments that seek to "modernize" media systems in our present "communications cornucopia." This approach involves conceptualizing media diversity and media pluralism as twin outcomes of strategies designed to maximize consumer choice and market competition. The article argues that we need to challenge the assumption that meaningful forms of diversity can be brought forth only through market structures and questions the validity of quantitative assessments of media sectors that equate choice and competition with diversity. The article suggests that we need to win back a notion of diversity that is based on citizens' engagement with and interrogation of the world rather than the idea that diversity can be measured simply through the number of organizations and channels in the contemporary media environment. 相似文献
17.
[目的/意义] 在对美国、英国、欧盟、日本、德国等地区或国家对TDM行为的立法或司法应对进行比较分析基础上,提出我国TDM合理使用规则的设计思路。[方法/过程] 首先分析人工智能时代文本与数据挖掘的技术特征及其挑战,介绍出版商和图书馆有关TDM合理使用的立场分歧,之后在对代表性国家有关TDM合理使用法律应对机制进行比较分析基础上,从TDM例外的主体、客体、目的、行为及其他条件等方面,论证我国TDM合理使用规则的具体内容。[结果/结论] 任何机构或个人基于科学研究或其他合理目的对任何作品以复制、提取、改编或有限传播方式进行文本和数据挖掘构成合理使用,但利用非合法来源作品须支付合理的使用费。 相似文献
18.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(4):107-111
This paper traces the development of the United Kingdom Serials Group from its beginnings as an informal gathering of librarians invited to Blackwell's Periodicals Division to the point at which it has become the foremost authority on serials work in the United Kingdom. The work of the group in organising conferences, courses and its publications is discussed. 相似文献
19.
From the late 1920s, all radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom was undertaken by a public sector broadcaster—the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Television was also the exclusive preserve of the BBC until the mid-1950s, when advertiser-supported commercial stations came into existence. This form of competition for audiences, but not for finance, between two broadcasting sectors—called by some a 'comfortable duopoly'—persisted until the late 1980s when the government permitted competitive entry by cable and satellite operators, introduced competition for advertising revenue between terrestrial stations, and placed commercial television broadcasting on a more competitive footing by introducing tendering for franchises. As these changes have occurred, the BBC has maintained its traditional system of regulation and has continued to operate under a Royal Charter. Although the expiry of the current Charter at the end of 1996 has provoked a debate about the role of the BBC, the government has stated its intention to renew the Charter for another 10 years. It seems likely that, until the year 2002 at least, the current system of regulating and financing public Service broadcasting in the United Kingdom will remain intact. However, the proliferation of channels represents a threat to the BBC's audience base. There may also be difficulties in combining within the same organization a public service mission and highly commercial activities, undertaken in a very competitive world market. 相似文献
20.
Internationalization is a major concern for many universities, and library faculty exchanges have increased in importance for the participants and their academic communities. This article reports on a survey of academic library directors and exchange participants from both the United Kingdom/Ireland and the United States/Canada. 相似文献