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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(2):43-53
How to create value from information technology (IT) in multi-firm situations has attracted the notice of both researchers and practitioners. However, as a critical factor to enhance relational performance, the inter-firm IT governance strategy has not been sufficiently studied. Based on the contractual and relational governance literature, this paper presents two inter-firm IT governance strategies, namely, balancing (focusing on achieving a close match between the relational and contractual governance) and complementing (focusing on creating synergy between the relational and contractual governance) governance strategies. Using data collected from 200 firms, we examined the relationship between these two governance strategies and relational performance. Furthermore, we studied the influence of a contingent factor, IT ambidexterity (simultaneous pursuit of IT flexibility and IT standardization) on this value generation process. Our results indicate that both inter-firm IT governance strategies, but especially the balancing strategy, can help increase relational performance, and IT ambidexterity also can influence the choice of governance strategies of focal firms. Specifically, focal firms with low IT ambidexterity prefer using a balancing governance strategy rather than a complementing governance strategy. On the other hand, focal firms with high IT ambidexterity can reduce or mitigate the risks of unbalancing strategy (such as the contractual-dominant or relational-dominant governance strategy), and then enhance the synergy effects of contractual and relational governance. Implications for theory and practice are also discussed. 相似文献
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知识转移、知识共享和文化相似度的关系——关于IT外包项目的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于IT服务外包背景下知识共享、知识转移、信任等理论,分析了IT服务外包项目中发包方向接包方的知识转移、接包方对发包方的知识共享、接包方感受到的发包方对接包方的信任、接包方与发包方之间的文化相似度等因素间的相互关系,以及对外包绩效的影响;提出了一些假设,建立了理论模型;设计了调查问卷,对北京中关村软件园、西安软件园、上海浦东软件园的20家从事IT外包业务的企业中参与IT服务外包项目的391名员工进行问卷调查;并运用统计分析软件AMOS17.0建立结构方程模型,对收集的293份问卷进行数据分析,根据实证分析结果提出了实践建议。 相似文献
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In the new economy, firms are willing to pay abundant premiums for the significant entrepreneurial capacities of management and staff in order to develop, build, protect, transfer and integrate knowledge. Although companies and scholars have indeed recognized the value of knowledge management, they have not generally included customer, supplier, and competitor knowledge, preferring to emphasize the process of knowledge acquisition and sharing that takes place within organizations. Thus, this study proposes a conceptual framework, and uses interpretative case studies, to explore how an enterprise obtains the three types of external knowledge. Moreover, through the following five primary activities – acquisition, selection, generation, internalization, and externalization – this study will illustrate how enterprises apply the internal knowledge chain to transform their customer, supplier, and competitor knowledge to enhance enterprise competitiveness. 相似文献
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Partnerships between business clients and vendors are increasingly becoming more common as firms strive to reduce cost and outsource non-core activities. Some firms proactively manage the knowledge gained from such partnership while others do so to a lesser extent. Through a questionnaire survey of business clients in Singapore, this study helps to shed some light on the nature of client–vendor partnership, factors affecting knowledge transfer (defined in terms of knowledge codifiability, client's motivation for partnership, vendor's willingness to share, and trust between client and vendor). In addition, we also examine mechanisms for knowledge dissemination within the client organization and the impact on the IT function. The results should be of interest to both researchers and practitioners in better understanding how such partnership could be managed more effectively. 相似文献
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服务创新网络的特征例如人际网络性、高嵌入性知识占主导、缺乏正式制度等使得服务企业更倾向于选择非正式的关系治理机制。已有的研究更多地从关系的视角研究服务创新网络治理,无法捕捉服务创新网络复杂、动态的合作关系,因此需要进一步探索契约治理机制和关系治理机制在服务创新情境中的共同作用以及新的变化。已有的网络治理研究对于契约治理和关系治理之间的关系存在不一致的结论。为了更好地解决理论冲突,本研究利用浙江省308家高技术服务企业合作创新活动的调查数据,考察契约治理机制和关系治理机制与知识获取、服务创新之间的关系。研究结果显示,关系治理有助于服务创新,知识获取是高技术服务企业利用关系治理机制实现服务创新的中介机制。在服务创新网络的情境下,契约治理和关系治理对于知识获取是两种不兼容的治理手段。契约治理会减弱关系治理对知识获取的促进效应。研究结论为高技术服务业的网络创新战略提供了新的启示。 相似文献
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社会网络嵌入性视角的创新网络治理机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
创新网络是对创新复杂性的系统应对,能否有效治理创新网络决定了网络成员能否获取网络的协同效应。认为经济活动的社会性因素也可以成为一种正式的治理机制在创新网络治理过程中发挥作用,并从结构嵌入与关系嵌入这个经典分析框架论述了社会性因素对创新网络治理的影响。 相似文献
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To reduce information technology (IT) development costs, more firms have begun to outsource IT-related activities by partnering with IT vendors. As knowledge is a valuable asset in IT development, knowledge sharing between vendors and business clients becomes critical. However, the motivation behind IT vendors’ willingness to share knowledge with client firms is not sufficiently understood. To shed light on the nature of knowledge sharing within vendor–client partnerships, we examine the influence of performance feedback and managerial mindset on vendors’ motivation to share knowledge with their clients. We adopt a multi-method approach involving both a scenario-based field experiment with 164 vendor managers (Study 1) and a field survey of 112 vendor managers involved in IT development (Study 2). We find that when vendors’ performance exceeds their aspiration levels, they are motivated to share knowledge with clients. Such motivational effects are more pronounced for vendor managers exhibiting abstract mindsets. Our study is of significant value to researchers and practitioners, affording both groups a keener, deeper, and more robust appreciation for how knowledge sharing in vendor–client partnerships can be managed more effectively. 相似文献
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知识管理对信息技术和信息系统外包成功性的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
提出了从知识管理角度提高信息技术与信息系(IT／IS)外包成功性模型，指出：IT／IS外包失败的原因有三个：第一，外包企业与IT/IS供应商之间知识流动顺畅性，包括供应商知识到客户以及客户到供应商之间双向流动。第二，外包合作双方和谐关系。第三，环境动态性。流畅的知识流动、和谐的客户供应商关系以及稳定的环境是外包成功的保证。 相似文献
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This paper investigates the critical role of knowledge sharing (KS) in leveraging manufacturing activities, namely integrated supplier management (ISM) and new product development (NPD) to improve business performance (BP) within the context of Taiwanese electronic manufacturing companies. The research adopted a sequential mixed method research design, which provided both quantitative empirical evidence as well as qualitative insights, into the moderating effect of KS on the relationships between these two core manufacturing activities and BP. First, a questionnaire survey was administered, which resulted in a sample of 170 managerial and technical professionals providing their opinions on KS, NPD and ISM activities and the BP level within their respective companies. On the basis of the collected data, factor analysis was used to verify the measurement model, followed by correlation analysis to explore factor interrelationships, and finally moderated regression analyses to extract the moderating effects of KS on the relationships of NPD and ISM with BP. Following the quantitative study, six semi-structured interviews were conducted to provide qualitative in-depth insights into the value added from KS practices to the targeted manufacturing activities and the extent of its leveraging power. Results from quantitative statistical analysis indicated that KS, NPD and ISM all have a significant positive impact on BP. Specifically, IT infrastructure and open communication were identified as the two types of KS practices that could facilitate enriched supplier evaluation and selection, empower active employee involvement in the design process, and provide support for product simplification and the modular design process, thereby improving manufacturing performance and strengthening company competitiveness. The interviews authenticated many of the empirical findings, suggesting that in the contemporary manufacturing context KS has become an integral part of many ISM and NPD activities and when embedded properly can lead to an improvement in BP. The paper also highlights a number of useful implications for manufacturing companies seeking to leverage their BP through innovative and sustained KS practices. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(2):215-225
Information technology has dramatically increased online business opportunities; however these opportunities have also created serious risks in relation to information security. Previously, information security issues were studied in a technological context, but growing security needs have extended researchers' attention to explore the management role in information security management. Various studies have explored different management roles and activities, but none has given a comprehensive picture of these roles and activities to manage information security effectively. So it is necessary to accumulate knowledge about various managerial roles and activities from literature to enable managers to adopt these for a more holistic approach to information security management. In this paper, using a systematic literature review approach, we synthesised literature related to management's roles in information security to explore specific managerial activities to enhance information security management. We found that numerous activities of management, particularly development and execution of information security policy, awareness, compliance training, development of effective enterprise information architecture, IT infrastructure management, business and IT alignment and human resources management, had a significant impact on the quality of management of information security. Thus, this research makes a novel contribution by arguing that a more holistic approach to information security is needed and we suggest the ways in which managers can play an effective role in information security. This research also opens up many new avenues for further research in this area. 相似文献
11.
本文采用社会心理学理论对管理者权力与企业创新投入之间的内在因果关系进行深入、全面的剖析，并在此基础上利用我国中小板和创业板上市公司年报中披露R&D投入金额的经验数据，构建多元线性回归模型进行实证研究和多项稳健测试。其实证研究结果一致表明，管理者权力对企业R&D投入强度有显著的促进作用；并且，本文进一步在理论上探究了企业所处地区的法律环境能够产生的抑制效应，同时引入交互项和分组检验的方法分别进行实证研究，其结果均一致地表明法律环境的优良程度对管理者权力所产生的研发投入驱动作用起到了显著的抑制影响。 相似文献
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基于社会交换理论,探讨买方驱动的知识转移活动如何影响供应商合作创新态度。利用问卷调查方法,以304家汽车行业本土供应商企业的经验数据为样本,运用SPSS19.0分析工具进行层次回归分析,对理论假设进行实证研究。结果表明：（1）买方驱动的知识转移活动对供应商合作创新态度有促进作用;（2）优先客户地位在买方驱动的知识转移活动和供应商合作创新态度的关系中具有完全中介作用;（3）供应商感知的知识价值在买方驱动的知识转移活动和优先客户地位、供应商合作创新态度间均发挥调节作用。研究结果揭示了买方驱动的知识转移活动激发供应商合作创新态度的过程,对买方争夺供应商资源有一定的启示作用。 相似文献
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本文从知识复杂度出发,探索代工专用性投资类型（资产类专用性投资和人力资本类专用性投资）与治理机制的匹配关系对海外知识获取的影响。应用AMOS17.0和SPSS16.0对229个中国代工企业样本数据进行实证检验,结论显示：（1）不同治理机制对不同类型专用性投资与海外知识获取关系具有不同的调节效应。具体来看,合同治理与资产类专用性投资的交互作用对海外知识获取有积极影响,关系治理与人力资本类专用性投资的交互作用对海外知识获取有积极影响,而不合理的匹配关系（即合同治理VS人力资本类专用性投资;关系治理VS资产类专用性投资）对海外知识获取的影响是不显著的。（2）专用性投资类型与治理机制的匹配效应随知识复杂度的变化而变化。具体来看,在知识复杂度较低的情况下,合同治理与资产类专用性投资的交互作用对海外知识获取的促进作用更显著。在知识复杂度较高的情况下关系治理与人力资本类专用性投资的交互作用对海外知识获取的促进作用更显著。上述研究阐明了代工专用性资产类型、治理机制和知识复杂度的匹配关系对海外知识获取的影响,有助于指导代工企业依据专用性资产类型和知识复杂度选择适宜的治理机制,进而获取更好的海外知识获取绩效。 相似文献
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Knowledge is regarded as a strategic resource in organizations; thus the leverage of knowledge is a key managerial issue. Knowledge creation, sharing and dissemination are the main activities in knowledge management. This study examines the influence that social and technological factors, such as learning culture and IT use, could have on knowledge sharing among students of the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was used as a research method for data collection and 302 valid responses were collected from all the three categories of students that include graduates, undergraduates and preparatory students. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between both student learning culture and IT use and students’ knowledge sharing. The limitations of this study and practical implications, along with directions for further research are discussed. 相似文献
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文章通过研读合作研发领域代表性理论和实证研究文献,以合作研发建立过程为脉络,以交易成本理论、资源基础理论为阐述基础,梳理了合作研发领域的整体研究框架：对合作研发起源及其主要类型进行了系统的阐述;基于资源基础理论、交易成本理论和组织学习理论归结了合作研发的六种主要动机和获取竞争优势（利润）这一根本动机;从资源共同力量（collective strengthen） 和组织间冲突（inter-firm conflict）两个视角分析合作伙伴的相关特征及对合作绩效的影响;探讨了合作研发的组织管理,包括合作研发的基本组织类型及特征,梳理了企业实现有效知识溢出的专有性机制。最后,提炼研究结论及后续研究方向,旨在为后续的研究提供一个整体切入点,为合作研发实践活动的组织和评价提供参考。 相似文献
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知识治理是知识管理活动的制度保障,是在制度层面上对知识行为的引导、激励和约束,进而维护知识活动各方的利益平衡、促进知识活动效益的最优化。知识共享行为是一种组织制度安排的结果,同时也是一种行为过程,受到知识治理的影响。知识治理对于知识共享行为的影响研究,很多的学者都从不同的侧面进行分析,涉及变量和因素有限,结论不稳定。另外,知识治理对于知识共享影响的内在机理有待进一步深入地探究。最后,从研究方法上,知识治理是组织层面的变量,个体知识共享是个体层面的变量,现有文献较少运用跨层次分析方法来整合组织和个体两个层面,剖析知识治理机制对个人层次知识共享的影响,因而研究结论有待验证。因此,基于现有文献研究的不足,本文探索性地引入中介变量组织支持感来分析知识治理对于知识共享行为的影响关系。依据已有的文献成果,本文提出以下8个假设:(1)正式知识治理对非正式知识治理具有正向的影响作用;(2)正式知识治理对于个体知识共享行为具有显著的正向影响;(3)非正式知识治理对于个体知识共享行为具有显著的正向影响;(4)正式知识治理对于组织支持感有显著的正向影响;(5)非正式知识治理对于组织支持感有显著的正向影响;(6)组织支持感对个体知识分享行为有显著的正向影响;(7)组织支持感中介了正式知识治理与个体知识共享行为之间的关系;(8)组织支持感中介了非正式知识治理与个体知识共享行为之间的关系。为了验证以上假设的有效性,本研究以中国华北地区140家企业621名员工为被试对象,其中男性占53.62%,本科以上员工占89.05%,工龄在5年以上的员工占76.97%,基层和一线工人占87.76%。对于模型中所涉及的变量,本文借鉴已有研究的中成熟量表进行测量。正式知识治理和非正式知识治理的测量参考了Cao等(2012)对于正式知识治理和非正式知识治理的测量量表,组织支持感使用Eisenberger编制的问卷,知识共享行为采用Yi开发了一套有效可靠的知识共享行为量表。所有变量在本文样本中内部一致性信度α系数都达到标准。在确保问卷的可信性和有效性基础上,本文利用跨层次分析对研究假设进行验证。得到了如下结论:(1)在知识管理领域中,员工组织支持感是链接组织知识治理与个体知识共享行为的中介桥梁。组织层面的知识管理活动一方面通过正式的知识治理对于员工的知识共享行为产生一定程度的影响,但是更重要是要通过对于员工组织支持感的影响来间接的作用员工知识共享行为。(2)组织知识活动对于员工个体知识共享行为的影响是多层次相互作用的结果,过程复杂。组织层面的正式知识治理通过三条途径作用员工个体知识共享行为:直接作用、通过非正式知识治理影响组织支持感的间接作用以及通过组织支持感的间接作用。非正式知识治理是间接的通过组织支持感的单途径来影响个体知识共享行为。与同类研究相比,本文进一步打开了知识治理对知识共享行为影响的"黑箱",丰富了知识管理的相关理论。此外,本文结论对企业知识管理实践活动具有很强的指导意义,具体表现在两个方面:一是企业要有效创建完善的知识治理机制,二是要重视对员工组织支持感的提升。本文虽然做出了一定的贡献,但仍然存在一些不足:第一,样本收集的数据受到地域和行业的限制;第二,对于知识治理的划分需要进一步研究;第三,中介变量、作用路径和机理还需要进一步探索。以上三点问题将是今后研究和改进的方向。 相似文献
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Kevin Grant Tassos Alefantos Martin Meyer David Edgar 《International Journal of Information Management》2013
While economies in the industrialised World have become increasingly knowledge driven and service based, much of the work on capturing and measuring business value is still constrained and steeped in the thinking of the manufacturing era. One area that is more susceptible to measurement is the field of technology based or enhanced services. This case analysis seeks to explore how a service operator, such as an international airport, can gauge value from investment into IT. We examine how the airport operator combines a variety of accounting techniques and other tools to capture value from their IT investments. We explore how the operator could improve their measurement of business value derived from their IT investment. One observation of practice is that value capturing tools and techniques are used in parallel rather than ‘in sync’. Drawing on the notion of user innovation, we argue operators should embrace a systemic approach in adapting and modifying measuring regimes to accommodate service based innovation. 相似文献
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为探索我国大学知识共享行为处于何种水平、受何种机制影响,本研究提出了大学科研团队知识共享的概念模型,探究大学科研团队内知识共享的知识治理机制,并结合中国情境分析了知识治理如何通过主人翁精神的中介作用及学科归属感和科研网络的调节作用来影响知识共享行为。基于409份对中国大学科研团队成员知识共享问卷调查的实证研究表明:正式和非正式知识治理对知识共享均有显著影响;中国特色的主人翁精神对正式知识治理与知识共享的关系起部分中介作用,对非正式知识治理与知识共享的关系起完全中介作用;学科归属感能调节非正式知识治理和知识共享的关系,而科研网络则能调节正式知识治理与知识共享的关系。 相似文献