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为探索国家启动科技人才队伍建设计划以来区域科技人才开放效率的时空变异特征和规律，采用考虑非期望产出的SBM模型、DEA-Malmquist模型、Moran’Ⅰ模型，从静动态视角测度和剖析中国区域科技人才开放效率的时空变化和空间相关性特点，并采用空间计量模型进行空间溢出效应验证。研究结果表明，从静态来看，2016年后越来越多地区科技人才开放效率值达到有效水平；从动态来看，Malmquist生产率总体上升1.1%,2015年后科技人才开放效率值均明显改善；总体上，科技人才开放效率表现出空间集聚性和相关性较弱的特征，在直接效应层面，经济发展水平、制度环境、金融支持对科技人才开发效率均具有显著正相关特征。基于此，提出提升区域科技人才开放水平的政策建议。 相似文献
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《中国科技论坛》2021,(1)
本文从企业生命周期出发,以12家创新型制造业企业创新过程作为案例,探讨3个企业生命周期阶段的制造业企业创新过程中资源整合的共有影响因素及不同路径。研究发现:(1)创新战略是3个阶段的制造业企业创新过程中资源整合的先决因素,组织结构调整、创新情境、运营环节是其驱动因素;(2)3个阶段的制造业企业呈现出不同的资源特征,从初创期到成熟期,对外开放广度、资源匹配程度、多方交互强度均表现出从小到大的变化趋势,并且影响到创新过程中资源整合方式的不同,结合共有影响因素,引起资源整合路径的不同;(3)3个阶段的制造业企业创新过程中适用不同的资源整合路径,初创期采用主动—配合型整合路径,成长期选用开放—对接型整合路径,成熟期使用生态—协同型整合路径。 相似文献
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管理信息系统的开发模式研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
自1968年国际学术界提出"软件工程"的概念以来,计算机工作者不断探索软件开发的方法.70年代推出了生命周期法(System Life Cycle);80年代推出快速原型法(Prototyping Approach);90年代则以面向对象(Object-Oriented)的系统开发方法为主流[1].与此相应,管理信息系统(MIS)的开发也经历了生命周期与快速原型开发模式的演进,步入面向对象的开发时代. 相似文献
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本文采用中国2006-2015年的省际面板数据，运用门槛回归技术考察了对外直接投资(OFDI)逆向创新的价值链外溢效应及政策启示。研究发现：(1)OFDI具有显著的逆向创新价值链外溢效应，且对技术开发能力的积极影响大于技术转化能力；(2)OFDI的动态逆向溢出在技术开发阶段和技术转化阶段分别表现出正向边际效率递增和正向“U”型非线性特征；(3)两阶段创新的外溢规律均具有显著的空间异质性，特别是东部地区出现OFDI逆向外溢的正向边际效率递减的动态约束值得关注；(4)新时期东、中部地区OFDI均具有逆向创新价值链溢出的持续动态比较优势，而西部地区OFDI逆向外溢效果则相对有限。本文基于创新价值链视角得出了OFDI逆向创新溢出存在阶段异质性和空间异质性等新结论，这为新时代背景下更加精确和理性地处理OFDI与技术创新的内在关联提供参考借鉴。 相似文献
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以人工智能为例,结合技术生命周期理论、技术演化阶段特征以及政策导向,利用2006—2020年企业专利申请数据,将筛选出的124家A股上市公司划分为技术先驱型、技术响应型和技术追随型三类,并从五个维度对企业进入新技术领域不同时机的绩效影响进行实证分析,弥补了该领域前期相关研究采用单一指标造成结论不一致的问题。分析发现,样本企业主要集中分布于数字产业化领域,技术响应型特征更加明显,且规模较小、发展更快的企业更容易进入新技术领域。从综合绩效表现来看,技术先驱型企业表现最优,技术追随型次之,而技术响应型表现最弱,基本符合本文提出的研究猜想。基于此,从政府、企业、资本市场三个层面给出了实践启示及建议。 相似文献
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没有思想的开放．教育的创新，任何社会均不可能进入现代化；若要极大推进中国的现代化，教育还必须要更普及、层次要更高，全面提高国民的素质，文凭学历要货真价实。这里固然有“老、大、多、后”的问题，但教育本身的问题更直接。 相似文献
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基于核心能力的产品机会窗效益 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对产品生命周期各阶段表现出的不同市场特点，发现产品的成长期如同一个机会的窗口－产品的机会窗，并给出了机会窗内企业获得超额利润的经济解释。通过核心能力界定了产品的两层次机会窗，以及两层次机会窗持续时间的比较分析。 相似文献
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内蒙古白乃庙铜金矿床位于华北板块北缘增生型造山带，石英脉型和蚀变岩型矿体受EW向韧．脆性剪切带控制。成矿过程分为三个阶段：旱阶段石英-黄铁矿，乳白色石英和粗粒黄铁矿变形、破碎；中阶段多金属硫化物充填胶结旱阶段变形、破碎的石英角砾和黄铁矿裂隙；晚阶段为石英-碳酸盐细脉，穿切早中阶段脉体和矿物组合。冷热台显微测温结果显示．旱阶段石英中原生流体包裹体的均一温度为248℃～380℃，盐度为4．34％～6．59％，次生包裹体均一温度为180℃～260℃．盐度为3，23％～4．18％NaCleqv；中阶段石英中原生包裹体的均一温度变化范围为215℃～241℃，盐度为2．90％～4．18％NaCleqv，与旱阶段次生流体包裹体一致；晚阶段石英细脉和方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度为137℃～181℃，盐度为0．50％～2．00％NaCleqv。激光拉曼测试结果表明，流体包裹体气相成分为CO2、CH4和N2。成矿流体为低盐度、低密度、富CO2的流体，当这种流体到达剪切带时，由于压力骤然降低发生以CO2逸失为特征的沸腾作用，导致成矿流体过饱和，成矿物质快速沉淀下来形成矿床。白乃庙铜金矿床成矿流体及矿床地质特征与造山型矿床一致，确证了造山型铜矿的存在并提供了实例。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献
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WANG Sijia 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(2):192-194
<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages. 相似文献