共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽在小麦幼苗冷激诱导抗冷性中的变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以小麦幼苗为实验材料，研究冷激及冷胁追处理过程中的抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量变化，结果显示冷激处理小麦幼苗可导致还原型抗坏血酸和还原型谷胱甘肽的含量比对照组高，而脱氢抗坏血酸和氧化型谷胱甘肽的含量比对照组低．表明冷激处理可以使小麦幼苗细胞内抗坏血酸库和谷胱甘肽库中还原状态的抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量明显增加，以有效地清除低温胁追产生的活性氧的危害，从而提高小麦幼苗的抗冷性．说明抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽参与冷激诱导抗冷性的过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
2.
以小麦（扬麦5号）细苗为材料，研究了外源Ca^2 对AI^3 胁迫小麦幼苗根细胞膜脂质过氧化作用（MDA含量）、细胞电解质泄漏、膜保护酶活性及质膜和液泡膜微囊Ca^2 －ATP酶活性的影响。结果显示在AI^3 胁迫下，增加Ca^2 的供应可以减轻AI^3 对根系伸长及干物质积累的抑制作用，并可减轻AI^3 胁迫诱导的根细胞电解质渗漏率和MDA含量的增加、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、质膜和液泡膜微囊Ca^2 －ATP酶活性的降低。 相似文献
3.
以蚕豆叶片为试材,对其进行黑暗诱导衰老,研究了三唑酮处理对蚕豆离体叶片过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响．结果显示,在蚕豆离体叶片衰老过程中,POD活性不断升高,特别是在48h之前十分明显,SOD,CAT活性在48h之前上升,然后有所下降;经三唑酮处理蚕豆离体叶片,三种抗氧化酶活性在处理的前期上升速率明显加快,而且维持上升的时间更长．在整过处理过程中三种抗氧化酶活性均远高于对照组．表明三唑酮处理蚕豆离体叶片后,可以通过提高并维持三种抗氧化酶的活性,增强蚕豆叶片抗氧化能力,进而延缓其衰老进程． 相似文献
4.
探索了高浓度外源水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)对干旱胁迫下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响.在干旱胁迫下,水稻幼苗叶片中的三种抗氧化酶活性随胁迫时间的延长而逐渐下降,但经SA处理的水稻幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均较对照的低,而且这三种抗氧化酶同工酶谱带数目基本没有发生变化.这些结果表明,高浓度的SA使水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性大大降低,使水稻植株对干旱胁迫的抵抗能力减弱. 相似文献
5.
王素平 《商丘师范学院学报》2011,27(9):92-96
采用营养液水培,研究了不同浓度（5﹑10﹑20﹑50﹑100、130 mg·L-1）镍处理对小麦幼苗叶片SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性的影响.结果表明,各浓度镍处理均抑制了小麦幼苗叶片SOD活性,而小麦幼苗叶片POD、CAT和APX活性在较低浓度镍处理下升高,在较高浓度镍处理下降低. 相似文献
6.
分别用pH为2.0、3.0、4.0、5.6模拟酸雨对小麦幼苗进行急性毒理实验,用紫外分光光度法检测幼苗体内过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性.结果表明：pH在3.0左右时,小麦幼苗的CAT和SOD活性最高;在不同酸度的模拟酸雨的胁迫下,CAT和SOD活性的剂量效应关系曲线为单峰曲线,其峰值可以认为是小麦幼苗对酸雨中毒反应的阈值.结论：不同酸度的模拟酸雨对小麦体幼苗CAT和SOD酶活性有诱导作用. 相似文献
7.
非生物胁迫下植物体内活性氧清除酶系统的研究进展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
植物受到非生物胁迫时,细胞内活性氧的产生及其清除会失去平衡,活性氧过量积累会导致植物体内氧化胁迫。文章简要概述了在非生物胁迫下,植物体内产生的活性氧使植物体内细胞受到氧化胁迫危害,介绍了活性氧清除酶系统在非生物胁迫中的作用,该清除酶系统主要包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHR）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）。 相似文献
8.
以小麦种子为材料,通过液体培养实验探究铜对小麦幼苗生长和抗氧化系统的响应,揭示小麦幼苗对铜胁迫的生理抗性机制。结果表明,低浓度铜对小麦幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用,随着铜浓度的进一步增大和培养时间的延长,小麦幼苗的生长量明显减少,根和叶片中的膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和脯氨酸（Pro）的含量均明显升高,与对照相比达到5％或1％的差异显著性水平,这些活性物质在根和叶中的变化趋势基本一致,其含量除POD在根中分布大于叶中外,其余均表现为在叶中的分布大于在根中的分布。在过量Cu2＋引起胁迫的过程中,抗氧化系统各成分通过相互协同配合,对铜胁迫进行有效的抵御,对自身进行严密的保护。 相似文献
9.
实验选择四溴二苯醚（BDE-47）与高氯酸盐（PER）作为研究对象,系统研究了二者联合暴露对成年斑马鱼肝脏抗氧化系统的影响。实验设置（BDE-47 8.5+PER 335） mg/L,（BDE-47 0.85+PER 33.5） mg/L,（BDE-47 0.085+PER 3.35） mg/L三种联合暴露组及二者各自单一的暴露组。暴露14天后,分别测定雌雄斑马鱼肝脏内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Gpx）活性以及脂质过氧化物（MDA）水平。结果显示,与两种物质单一暴露相比,联合暴露致使肝脏内SOD,CAT的活性增加,MDA水平增加,而GSH活性降低,实验说明,PER诱导加剧了BDE-47对成年斑马鱼肝脏抗氧化酶的影响,进一步产生了氧化应激。 相似文献
10.
玉米种子成熟过程中细胞膜脂过氧化及体内抗氧化酶活性变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了沈试-29玉米种子在成熟过程中四种酶活性的变化及膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。结果表明：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化一致即由乳熟期到蜡熟期活性下降,完熟期和枯熟期SOD、POD和CAT的活性又开始上升,而抗坏血酸氧化酶（AAO）的活性的变化则与此相反;MDA含量在蜡熟期上升,在完熟期和枯熟期下降。由此可见,种子的成熟过程中发生了氧化和过氧化作用,并存在活性氧的伤害。 相似文献
11.
Qian-nan Diao Yong-jun Song Dong-mei Shi Hong-yan Qi 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(12):916-930
Polyamines (PAs) and nitric oxide (NO) are vital signals in modulating plant response to abiotic stress. However, to our knowledge, studies on the relationship between NO and PAs in response to cold stress in tomato are limited. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the effects of putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) on NO generation and the function of Spd-induced NO in the tolerance of tomato seedling under chilling stress. Spd increased NO release via the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like and nitrate reductase (NR) enzymatic pathways in the seedlings, whereas Put had no such effect. Moreover, H2O2 might act as an upstream signal to stimulate NO production. Both exogenous NO donor (sodium nitroprusside (SNP)) and Spd enhanced chilling tolerance in tomato, thereby protecting the photosynthetic system from damage. Compared to chilling treatment alone, Spd enhanced the gene expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and their enzyme activities in tomato leaves. However, a scavenger or inhibitor of NO abolished Spd-induced chilling tolerance and blocked the increased expression and activity due to Spd of these antioxidant enzymes in tomato leaves under chilling stress. The results showed that NO induced by Spd plays a crucial role in tomato’s response to chilling stress. 相似文献
12.
Leaf senescence is often caused by water deficit and the chimeric gene PSA612-1PT is an auto-regulated gene delaying leaf senescence. Using in vitro leaf discs culture system, the changes of contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble protein and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance （TBARS） and antioxidant enzymes activities were investigated during leaf senescence of PSA612-1PT modified gerbera induced by osmotic stress compared with the control plant （wild type）. Leaf discs were incubated in 20%, 40% （w/v） polyethylene glycol （PEG） 6 000 nutrient solution for 20 h under continuous light [ 130 μmol/（m^2·s）]. The results showed that the contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids and soluble protein were decreased by osmotic stress with the decrease being more pronounced at 40% PEG, but that, at the same PEG concentration the decrease in the transgenic plants was significantly lower than that in the control plant. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalases （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX） and dehydroascorbate reductase （DHAR） were stimulated by PEG treatment. However, the increases were higher in PSA612-IPT transgenic plants than in the control plants, particularly at 40% PEG treatment. Lipid peroxidation （TBARS content） was increased by PEG treatment with the increase being much lower in transgenic plant than in the control plant. It could be concluded that the increases in the activities ofantioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, APX, GPX and DHAR were responsible for the delay of leaf senescence induced by osmotic stress. 相似文献
13.
用不同浓度的乙草胺对小麦幼苗染毒处理,检测小麦幼苗内的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化．结果表明：各实验组随染毒时间的延长,在不同质量浓度乙草胺的胁迫下,小麦幼苗细胞的CAT活性呈现出不同的变化趋势．在低质量浓度时,CAT活性表现出先下降后升高,再降低的特点;在中质量浓度时,CAT活性表现出先升高后下降,再升高的特点;在高质量浓度时,CAT活性表现出缓慢下降的特点．在乙草胺的胁迫下,小麦幼苗内cAT活性与对照组相比,差异极显著（P〈0．01）．结论：乙草胺对小麦幼苗有较强的毒性效应． 相似文献
14.
Response to temperature stress of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes in the cross-tolerance of barley seed germination 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A number of studies have shown the existence of cross-tolerance in plants, but the physiological mechanism is poorly understood.
In this study, we used the germination of barley seeds as a system to investigate the cross-tolerance of low-temperature pretreatment
to high-temperature stress and the possible involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes in the cross-tolerance.
After pretreatment at 0 °C for different periods of time, barley seeds were germinated at 35 °C, and the content of malondialdehyde
(MDA) and the activities of ROS scavenging enzymes were measured by a spectrophotometer analysis. The results showed that
barley seed germinated very poorly at 35 °C, and this inhibitive effect could be overcome by pretreatment at 0 °C. The MDA
content varied, depending on the temperature at which seeds germinated, while barley seeds pretreated at 0 °C did not change
the MDA content. Compared with seeds germinated directly at 35 °C, the seeds pretreated first at 0 °C and then germinated
at 35 °C had markedly increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and
glutathione reductase (GR). The SOD and APX activities of seeds germinated at 35 °C after 0 °C-pretreatment were even substantially
higher than those at 25 °C, and GR activity was similar to that at 25 °C, at which the highest germination performance of
barley seeds was achieved. These results indicate that low-temperature pretreatment can markedly increase the tolerance of
barley seed to high temperature during germination, this being related to the increase in ROS scavenging enzyme activity.
This may provide a new method for increasing seed germination under stress environments, and may be an excellent model system
for the study of cross-tolerance. 相似文献
15.
Salvianolic acid B(Sal B) is an active component of traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza and is used to treat vascular diseases. To better understand its mechanism, the antioxidant capacities of Sal B was evaluated with human endothelial cells under oxidative stress. Human endothelial cells were pretreated with Sal B for 12 h followed by hydrogen peroxide for another 12 h. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and concentration of glu-tathione were measured: Protective effect of Sal B on the endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced damage ' was observed, and ROS production in the cells was found significantly inhibited. Sal B remarkably enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPX. Furthermore, Sal B up-regulated the intracellular glutathione concentration. The results indicate that Sal B protected endothelial cells from oxidative stress by improving the redox status of the cells through enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities and increasing the reductive glutathione concentration after the oxidative challenge. 相似文献
16.
Objective: To estimate the oxidative stress and oxidative damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients' bodies. Methods: Seventy-two IgA N patients (IgANP) and 72 healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study design, in which the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric mothods. Results: Compared with the HAV group, the averages of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), while those ofVC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Linear correlation analysis showed that with the increase of the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes, and with the decrease of those ofVC, VE, β-CAR,SOD, CAT and GPX in the IgAN patients, the degree of histological damage of tubulointerstitial regions was increased gradually (P＜0.0001); and that with the prolongation of the duration of disease the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes were increased gradually, while those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and GPX were decreased gradually (P＜0.005). The discriminatory correct rates of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damage of the IgAN patients were 73.8%-92.5%, and the correct rates for the HAV were 70.0%-91.3% when independent discriminant analysis was used; and the correct rate for the IgAN patients was increased to 98.8%, the correct rate for the HAV was increased to 100% when stepwise discriminant analysis was used. The above biochemical parameters' reliability coefficient (alpha) were used to estimate the oxidative damage of the IgAN patients as 0.8145, the standardized item alpha=0.9730, F=53273.5681, P＜0.0001. Conclusions: A series of free radical chain reactions caused serious pathological aggravation in the IgANP' bodies, thus resulting in oxidative damage in their bodies. In treating IgANP, therefore, it is necessary that suitable dose antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate the oxidative damage in their bodies. 相似文献