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《美国国会主题标题表》(LCSH)是由美国国会图书馆(LC)制定并负责维护的一套英语主题标引系统,历经一个多世纪的发展,以强大的生命力适应时代的发展变迁,成为世界图书馆主要采用的主题标引与检索工具。LCSH标题数量庞大,结构严谨,应用规则严格,随着主题规范合作项目SACO的开展,以LC为首的越来越多的图书馆参与到LCSH的建设中,并形成了一套相对成熟的建设机制。本文以LCSH长期以来形成的建设机制为切入点,对主题规范文档建设中遇到的包括文档更新、书目更新、名称主题词的归属、建设基础等若干关键问题进行深入思考,并对我国当前主题规范控制工作实践如何借鉴国外有益经验提出思路。 相似文献
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Spencer C. Lilley 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2015,53(5-6):479-495
Cataloging and classification provide intellectual access for organizing resources in libraries. In New Zealand, bibliographic control is largely through the application of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). LCSH provide a sense of context and order. In Indigenous frameworks this sense of order can be found in the link between epistemology and knowledge structure. This article argues that the development and application of Māori subject headings is directly related to the natural order that is pivotal to a Māori worldview. The impact of this worldview and its associated values are explored in the context of the construction of Ngā ūpoko Tukutuku. 相似文献
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《Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services》2002,26(3):283-298
Raises issues relating to Arabic subject-indexing based on an analysis of headings linked to a sample of 300 bibliographic records. Finds that, even in rapidly developing disciplines like IT, the high incidence of candidated new headings and of heading combinations may be influenced more by increased exposure during copy cataloguing to LCSH practice than by any acute need. Concludes that any real challenge to the usefulness to existing tools like El-Khazindar’s list of Arabic subject headings, published in 1994, will only come when libraries attempt to apply them systematically to all materials, Arabic and non-Arabic alike. 相似文献
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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(2):37-97
Pauline Cochrane and Monika Kirtland's "Critical Views of LCSH-Library of Congress Subject Headings: A Bibliographic and Bibliometric Essay" published in Cataloging & Classification Quarterly v.1 (2/3) 1982, pp. 71-93 has been widely cited as a source for discussion and complaints about Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). Cochrane and Kirtland cover the literature from 1944 to 1979. The present work provides a critique of the Cochrane/Kirtland study and a survey of the literature concerning the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) during the 1980. The classified bibliography is arranged according to the format of the Cochrane/Kirtland study to facilitate comparison. Criticism of LCSH reiterates the same points over and over again, whether it is sparseness, bias or currency of the subject headings. Significant trends which emerged in the 1980s include an increased emphasis on the use of LCSH as an online searching tool, concern for the syndetic structure of LCSH and the role of subdivisions, as well as repeated calls for the development of coherent standards to ensure LCSH evolves and is applied in a consistent manner. 相似文献
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Steven W. Holloway 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(7):571-591
AbstractLibrary of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries and independent value vocabularies, and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. The author offers ways that libraries can “decolonize” their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's “access and equity.” 相似文献
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Library of Congress subject headings (LCSH) are such a powerful tool that ACRL recognized them in the Information Literacy Competency Standards. The Standards state that the information-literate student should be able to select discipline-specific controlled vocabulary and construct a search strategy. The authors, recognizing this often-forgotten Standard, surveyed instruction librarians to determine if LCSH are still taught in the library instruction classroom, and, if so, which strategies are used for identifying relevant subject headings. Survey results were mixed. While teaching the use of controlled vocabulary has clearly fallen from popularity, it is still recognized as a valuable tool. 相似文献
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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(4):89-99
This study analyzes the Library of Congress (LC) class numbers and the LC subject headings which LC has assigned to 164 works of history and criticism of literature (belles lettres) related to women's studies. These books were classed in more than one hundred different class numbers and spans of numbers. Less than half of these books were assigned to class numbers in PA-PT whose captions contain either the word "women" or another word which points to women's studies, but slightly more than half were assigned "literature" subject headings which contain the words "women," "feminism," "feminist," or "sex role." The subject heading "Women in literature" was assigned to forty of these books, while the words "women authors" appear in a series of different subject headings assigned to forty-five of these books. 相似文献
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麦麟屏 《现代图书情报技术》2004,20(1):9-15
《国会图书馆主题词表 （LCSH)）》是至今为止最常用并被广为接受的通用主题词汇，实际上已成为一种国际性的控制词汇和世界各国编制主题词表的样板，但是它的复杂的关于建立标目的句法和规则却限制了它的应用，因为使用者必须受过专门训练，其对规范文档的自动化管理的效率也因此受到限制。近年来网上文献的猛增迫使书目控制系统向易懂易用方向转变，主题标目也不例外。本文介绍由OCLC、美国图书馆学会 (ALA) 的ALCTS/SAC委员会、美国国会图书馆（LC)共同进行的一项编制《FAST（主题术语的分面式应用）》词汇的工作。在一个句法简单的分面式的词表中采用LCSH，其目的在于保留LCSH丰富的词汇，同时使之易懂、易控制、易应用、易使用。 相似文献
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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(1):89-105
The problems of culture and ideology have been studied in phenomenology, structuralism, and historical materialism, but they fail to make connections between theory and social reality. To solve this situation, Pierre Bourdieu proposes the Theory of Practice. This Theory of Practice, together with his notions of Cultural capital, Field, Habitus, Social reproduction, Symbolic power, and so on, are the subjects of 23 books written by Bourdieu up to 1991. Because the purpose of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is to guide users to the subject(s) of a given book, one would expect to find those conceptual categories present in the subject headings assigned to Bourdieu's books. This paper is a study of the subject headings given to those 23 books, and their different translations into English, Spanish, Portuguese, and German, comprising 89 records in OCLC as of December 1991. However, due to lack of availability one book and its respective record were eliminated, reducing the universe to 22 books and 88 records. It was found that most of the books erroneously received headings that do not correspond to their content, as the headings were assigned from the functi onalist paradigm. In general, LCSHs ignore the conceptual categories of other paradigms, do not match the current vocabulary used by social scientists, and are ideologically biased. 相似文献
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Fenske RE 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1972,60(2):319-324
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of correlation between National Library of Medicine classification numbers and MeSH headings in a body of cataloging which had already been done and then to find out which of two alternative methods of utilizing the correlation would be best.There was a correlation of 44.5% between classification numbers and subject headings in the data base studied, cataloging data covering 8,137 books. The results indicate that a subject heading index showing classification numbers would be the preferred method of utilization, because it would be more accurate than the alternative considered, an arrangement by classification numbers which would be consulted to obtain subject headings. 相似文献
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Theda Schwing Sevim McCutcheon Margaret Beecher Maurer 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(8):903-928
This study concerns the overlap between author-supplied keywords and Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation (ETD) bibliographic records in the library catalog. The article provides a discussion on uniqueness, matching, and complementariness based on a replication of Strader's methodology and rubric from a 2009 article. Findings support most of Strader's conclusions, including the complementary nature of keywords and controlled vocabularies. Both keywords and LCSH provide unique terms that enhance access. Researchers also broke new ground regarding partial matching, particularly within LCSH. The fact that uniqueness matters has implications for the continued use of LCSH, for LCSH maintenance, and for further research. 相似文献
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This research concerns the frequency of the assignment of author-supplied keyword strings and cataloger supplied subject heading strings within a library catalog. The results reveal that, on average, more author-assigned keywords and more cataloger-assigned Library of Congress Subject Headings were assigned to works emerging from the arts & humanities than to works emerging from the social sciences and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. STEM disciplines in particular received a lower amount of topical metadata, in part because of the under-assignment of name/title, geographical, and corporate subject headings. These findings reveal how librarians could increase their understanding of how topical access is functioning within academic disciplines. 相似文献
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This paper describes the procedures used at the Library of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia to divide its ninety-year-old dictionary card catalog. The division was necessitated by overcrowding, obsolete subject headings, and lack of a complete authority list which resulted in like materials being scattered throughout the catalog under several headings. Two catalogs were created: the historical-biographical catalog, representing all works published before 1950 and all works of historical or biographical nature; and the current catalog, containing all works published from 1950 on, excepting historical or biographical materials. The 1950- catalog was further divided into name and subject catalogs, and the subject section was revised according to MeSH. The project was completed in about two years. As a result, searching time has been much reduced, and the library is able to take advantage of the annual revisions of MeSH to update the subject catalog. 相似文献
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机读数据中主题标引若干歧义问题探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在套入ＣＮＭＡＲＣ格式提供的主题分析字段时,中国国家机读目录数据对下列问题的处理值得商榷：主题分析块主题标引模式,专有名称作主标题的标引方式,对年鉴的“时间因素（Ｄ）”的理解,个人文集、选集、全集的主题标引 相似文献
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《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(2):95-101
Four policy proposals are presented which affect LC's subject headings for the social sciences: clarification of the use of disciplines versus topics; clarification of the meaning and usage of the subdivision "Civilization"; use of "Law and legislation" as a free-floating subdivision; and some suggestions for dealing with controversial social topics. 相似文献
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《Legal Reference Services Quarterly》2012,31(4):170-196
AbstractAliens: It is the subject of conspiracy theories and nightmares, the name of a blockbuster science fiction/horror movie franchise, and also how the de facto national library of the United States refers to “persons who are not citizens of the country in which they reside.” In 2016, the Library of Congress announced that it would reconsider the usage of “Aliens” and its related terms in the Library of Congress Subject Headings, following a student-led movement to change the pejorative term “Illegal Aliens.” Yet, three years on, these terms remain in the LCSH. Using the “Illegal Aliens” controversy as a case study, this article explores how the LCSH works, its role in research, and its vulnerabilities to bias, and offers proposals for how librarians can help improve the situation. 相似文献