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1.
林镕 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1965,10(1):75-90
The present paper concerns itself with three Composite genera of the tribe Cynareae
(subtribe Carduinae), Vladimiria Ilj., Diplazoptilon Ling and Dolomiaea DC., all ranging
throughout the Sino-himalayan region, These genera have in the past always been as-
sociated with the Eurasiatic genus Jurinea Cass., though there is hardly anything that
can indicate such a relationship. Jurinea, according to the conception of Iljin, is a clearly
deliminated natural genus, while the three genera now in question are all closely allied to
Saussurea DC., being quite remote from Jurinea in the corolla forms, the structure of
receptacle and pappus, and also in the morphology of pollen grains.
Vladimiria was founded by Iljin, based on Jurinea salwinensis Hand.-Mzt. The
genus is a close relative of Saussurea from which it differs chiefly in the usually many
seriate pappus which are composed of scabrous or partly barbellulate bristles. As a re-
sult of our study, a tentative scheme of classification is here proposed, in which Iljin's
original generic concept has been amplified to include a dozen of species previously re-
ferred to Jurinea by Franchet, Diels, Anthony and Handel-Mazzetti from the flora of
south-western China and adjacent countries. Two sections, namely, sect. Sorocephalos
Ling and sect. Vladimiria (Saussurea sect. Carduella Franch., Mazzettia Ilj.), are being
proposed.
Diplazoptilon, a new monotypic genus based upon Jurinea picridifolia Hand.-Mzt.,
is here proposed. It occupies an intermediate position between Vladimiria and Saussurea
with a closer affinity to the former, from both of which it is, however, distinguished
chiefly by the biseriate pappus with equal plumose bristles.
Dolomiaea, a natural genus early founded by De Candolle on the basis of the Hima-
layan D. macrocephala DC., was considered by Bentham and Hooker f. as not different
from Jurinea, a treatment having being followed since by most botanists of the past.
But, as mentioned above, its relationship with Saussurea is obvious. It seems to differ
from that genus in the two to many seriate pappus, consisting of numerous barbellulate
bristles, and in the short style branches. In view of its affinity with Saussurea rather
than with Jurinea, the generic status of Dolomiaea should be maintained accordingly. As
construed above, the genus is now represented by about 5 species, most of which werepreviously referred to Jurinea by different botanists. 相似文献
2.
李建强 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(1):45-55
在对广义的罗汉果属进行形态学、解剖学，孢粉学、细胞染色体数目和植物地理学研究的基础
上，进一步对该属作了分类学的修订。 主张将罗汉果属的三个亚属提升为三个属即自兼果属、小球瓜属和罗汉果属。 相似文献
3.
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5.
石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(3):189-203
After having examined all specimens of the genus Prenanthes L. of Compositae in
the Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, I find that the classic concept on the
genus Prenanthes established by G. Bentham in 1873 has not been held exactly by some of Euro-
pean, American, Japanese and Chinese botanists. For example, W. B. Hemsley, S. T. Dunn, A.
Franchet, S. Kitamura and C. C. Chang placed plants from China which belong to other groups
into the genus; I also find that the classic concept of the genus is not clear. The present paper
makes a revision not only on the classic concept of the genus, but also on its concept assumed by
the above-mentionded botanists.
With the combination of numerous (25-35), white or yellow ligular florets, numerous ribs
of achenes, Prenanthes alba L. (Nabalus albus (L.) Shih, comb. nov.) is distinctly different
from Prenanthes purpurea L., which has the combination of purple, few (5-15) ligular flo-
rests and few ribs of achenes. Nabalus Cass., as a genus established early (1825) by H. Cassini,
should be restored. It is not reasonable to treat Nabalus as a subgenus (E. B. Babcock et al.
1947) or a section (S. Kitamura, 1956) or as a synonym (G. Bentham, 1983) of the genus
Preanathes L.
The present author recognizes seven species in the new revised genus Prenanthes L. in
China, 4 of which are described as new. In the genus Nabalus Cass. only one species, N.
ochroleuca Maxim., is distributed in Northeast China.
As Lactuca melanantha Franch. (1895), Prenanthes henryi Dunn (1903), P. glandulosa
Dunn (1903), Lactuca triflora Hemsl. (1888) (it was transferred to Prenanthes L. by C. C.
Chang in 1934), Prenanthes formosana Kitam. (1934) and P. wilsoni Chang (1934) all have
campanulate involucres, purple phyllaries, purple dorsi-ventrally compressed achenes, longitu-
dinal rids 6-9 on each side of achene truncate and beakless at its apex and pilose tubes of co-
rollae, they should be placed neither into the genus Prenanthes with obtusely tri-or pentagonous,
subterete achenes and glabrous tubes of corollae, nor into the genus Lactuca with beak achenes.
Besides the above-mentioned species misnamed by some of foreign and Chinese botanists, 6 other
species also have the same structure in achenes and corollae. Evidently, they fall into a new
genus with the name Notoseris Shih.
The new genus Notoseris Shih of the tribe Lactuceae of Compositae seems to be more re-
miniscent of Lactuca L. than of Prenanthes L. emend.
All the 12 species of the genus Notoseris Shih are endemic to China and distributed in the
area of south of Yantze River. Of them 6 are new combinations and 6 are described as new. 相似文献
6.
石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(5):382-393
本文是对菊科莴苣属Lactuca L. 的分类订正, 文中起用了乳苣属Mulgedium Cass.和山
莴苣属Lagedium Sojak两个较老的属名, 建立了二个新属，即翅果菊属Ptrocypsela Shih与假
福王草属Paraprenathes Chang. 文末提供了莴苣属及邻近属以及东亚地区的有关种类的分属分种检索表。 相似文献
7.
张志耘 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(5):394-403
The morphological characters in the genus Orobanche were evaluated from the
taxonomic point of view. The author finds that the plants of this genus are relatively similar
to each other in respect to characters of vegetative organs, fruits and seeds. But the differences
in the floral structures can be served as a basis for delimitating infrageneric taxa. The seed
coat of 18 species and pollen grains of 6 species were also examined under scanning electron
microscope (SEM). They seem to have little significance for distinguishing species.
The result supports G. Beck’s (1930) division of the genus Orobanche into 4 sections, of
which 2 occur in China, based on the characters of the inflorescence, bracteoles and calyx.
The author considers that some characters, such as anther hairy or not, upper lip of corolla
entire or not, lower lip longer or shorter than the upper one, the state of corolla-tube inflec-
tion and the hair type of filaments and plants, are important in distinguishing Chinese species.
A key to the species of Orobanche in China is given.
This genus consists of about 100 species, and is mostly confined to Eurasia, with over 60
species found in Caucasus and Middle Asia of USSR, where may be the mordern distribu-
tional centre.
Orobanche L. in China is represented by 23 species, 3 varieties and l forma. As shown in
Table 1, most species (12 species) are found in Xinjiang, which clearly shows a close floristic
relationship between this region and Middle Asia of USSR. 6 species are endemic to China,
of which 4 are confined to the Hengduan Mountains (Yangtze-Mekong-Salwin divide).
The relationships between this genus and related ones of Orobanchaceae are also discussed.
The author holds the following opinions: the genus Phelypaea Desf. should be considered as a
member of Orobanche L. Sect. Gymnocaulis G. Beck, the monotypic genus, Necranthus A.
Gilli endemic to Turkey, is allied with Orobanche L. Sect. Orobanche, the monotypic genus,
Platypholis Maxim, endemic to Bonin Is. of Japan, is far from Orobanche L. in relation and
should be regarded as a separate genus.
The 11 OTU’s, including all the sections of Orobanche L. and 7 genera of Orobanchaceae,
and 15 morphological characters were used in the numerical taxonomic treatment to test the
above-mentioned suggestions. After standardization of characters, the correlation matrices were
computerized. The correlation matrices were made to test the various clustering methods. At
last the UPGMA clustering method was chosen and its result is shown in a phenogram. The
result of numerical analysis is basically in accordance with the suggestions. 相似文献
8.
Ivan Nielsen 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1983,21(2):164-169
Three new combinations, one new synonym, 3 unperfectly known species and 8
distribution maps of 11 species of Chinese and Indo-Chinese Archidendron are pre-
sented in this article, as a supplement of the subject “Notes on the genera Archidendron
F. V. Mueller and Pithecellobium Martius in Mainland S. E. Asia” published in
Adansonia, ser. 2, 19(1): 3—37. 1979.
I am indebted to prof. Wu, head of Taxonomy laboratory of South China Insti-
tute of Botany for translating the article into Chinese and adding some distributivepoints of Chinese species of this genus on the maps. 相似文献
9.
石铸 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1991,29(5):394-417
本文是对中国-喜马拉雅地区的原莴苣属植物提出的分类订正。是笔者前一篇文章《莴苣属订正
及亚洲大陆菊科植物二新属》的续篇。文中建立了两个新属，即毛鳞菊属Chaetoseris Shih和细莴苣属Stenoseris Shih；文末及文中提供了本文所涉及的一些属种的分属和分种检索表。 相似文献
10.
毕培曦 江润祥 李钳 张宏达 Chang Kiaw-Lan Wong Khoon-Meng Gray Alexander I. Waterman Peter G. 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1988,26(3):205-210
通过化学分析证明，美栌木与九里香属内的九里香组植物较为接近，两者均含月橘烯碱
及8-戊烯化香豆精，而棕茎组植物则与黄皮属植物亲缘关系较近。 据此肯定了Tanaka的观
点，认为棕茎组比九里香组原始。黄皮族内的亲缘关系亦可作如下推断： 小芸木属→山小桔属→黄皮属→九里香属棕茎组→九里香属九里香组→美栌木属。 相似文献
11.
首次记载了毛冠菊属2种4居群的核形态资料。两种植物的染色体间期和前期染色体为复杂型
和中间型。狭舌毛冠菊两居群的染色体数目与核型公式为2n＝18＝14m+2sm+2st(2SAT);毛冠菊两居 群的染色体数目与核型公式为2n＝18＝14m+2sm(2SAT)+2st。它们分别代表了整个毛冠菊属的两组 植物,并包含了形态学上最原始的种类,因此,该属的染色体基数可能为x＝9。核形态证据表明毛冠菊属放在紫菀族比放在旋覆花族和千里光族中更为合理。 相似文献
12.
在观察大量标本和野外考察的基础上，认为Nannoglottis souliei (Franch．)Ling et Y．L. Chen应作为N．gynura (C．Winkl．)Ling et Y．L. Chen的异名。 相似文献
13.
陈家瑞 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(6):444-456
本文描述了分布于中国西藏东南部的荨麻科的一新亚族——球隔麻亚族，一新属——
球隔麻属及其模式种球隔麻。它被认为是苧麻族较原始的一个类群。其环状柱头及球形药隔
在荨麻科中至今还是首次发现。 本文还论述了荨麻科植物的柱头特征、类型及其分类学意义，并探讨了它们的演化趋势。 相似文献
14.
中国毛茛科植物小志(十五) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王文采 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1993,31(3):201-226
在本文中澄清了一些错误鉴定；一些学名证实不能成立，成为异名；对偏翅唐松草的种下分类
群做出修订，并给出新的区别特征；做出锐棱铁线莲系的分种检索表；对渐尖铁线莲群各种的亲缘关
系进行了初步讨论；描述了1新系，3新种，3新变种，2新变型；做出1新组合，4新等级，并拟出1新名；报道了拳距瓜叶乌头、星果草和直梗高山唐松草的国外分布。 相似文献
15.
曾沧江 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1983,21(2):151-152
Diplopanax is a genus described by H. Handel-Mazzetti in 1933 according to a
flowered specimen. It was originally considered as belonging to the family Araliaceae.
But fruit characters of this genus such as very large in size, oblong-ovoid in shape,
and containing only one seed in a locule which has a curved embryo and very hard
when dry etc., differ greatly from all other araliaceous plants, and evidently resemble
those of the cornaceous genus Mastixia Bl. In addition, the fruit is very similar to
the cornaceous fossil genus Tectocarya F. Kirchh., from which it may be distinguished
by the absence of 2 germinate pores in the endocarp. Consequently, the present
author tends to consider that the genus Diplopanax Hand.-Mazz. is best placed in
Cornaceae, not in Araliaceae.
相似文献
16.
This paper deals with the taxa of tribe Arundinarieae Steud. subtribe Pleiobalastinae Keng and Keng f. which comprised three genera (Pseudosasa Makino, Pleioblastus Nakai and Brachystachyum Keng) when it was established in 1957. With the analysis of morphological characters and geographical distribution, a number of revisions connected with the taxon are made as follows:
(1) Genus Brachystachyum Keng is transferred to the tribe Shibataeeae Nakai ac-
cording to its false inflorescence.
(2) Genus Pseudosasa Makino is transferred to subtribe Sasinae Keng f. according to our study on the numerical taxonomic method.
(3) Some species of Pleioblastus Nakai established by Keng and Keng f. should be
revised. Pleioblastus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) Keng f. should be Ampelocalamus actinotrichus (Merr. and Chun) S. L. Chen, T. H. Wen and G. Y. Sheng in subtribe Tham-
nocalaminae Keng f.; Pleioblastus dolichanthus (Keng) Keng f. is the synonym of Sinobam-
busa tootsik (Sieb.) Makino, belonging to tribe Shibataeeae Nakai. The rest species remain in this genus. Since the genus Pleioblastus is related to genus Arundinaria Michaux., subtribe Pleioblastus Keng and Keng f. does not seem to have a reason to be retained as a subtribe in tribe Arundinarieae Steud., according to the newest Code (1978). A part of it should be a synonym of subtribe Arundinariinae and we may cite it as follows: Subtribe Arundinariinae——Subtribe Pleioblastinae Keng and Keng f. pro parte, syn. nov. The other parts of it should be transferred to other subtribes or tribes.
In addition, one new variety in Branchystachyum, two new species, one new variety in Pseudosasa and six new species, three new varieties in Pleioblastus, are described in this paper. 相似文献
17.
本文对蓝钟花属Cyananthus及整个狭义的桔梗科Campanulaceae(s．str.)的花粉、
染色体和形态性状作了深入的系统研究，表明蓝钟花属是该科的最原始类群，它的亲缘属有党
参属Codonopsis和细钟花属Leptocodon。 对蓝钟花属中各个种及它的亲缘属的地理分布分
析，揭示了该属是典型的中国-喜马拉雅区系的成分，横断山地区是该属的频度和多样性中心；
认为中国西南部及其邻近地区至少是桔梗科原始属的保留中心，甚至可能是该科的起源中心。
作者最后对蓝钟花属各个种的性状作了生物统计分析，在此基础上对全属进行了全面的分类
修订，把原有的26个种9个变种归并为19种(包括2亚种)；对该属的次级分类也作了修订。
首次报道了该属的染色体数目和细钟花属的花粉形态。 相似文献
18.
崔鸿宾 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(3):161-171
This paper is an attempt to discuss the relationship and phylogeny within the genus
Lindera, based upon on analysis of shortened brachlets, on which the inflorescences are inserted,
and other morphological characters. The shortened branchlets are metamorphic shoots which
are often at the transitional stage between branchles and inflorescences. The advanced shortened
branchlets usually with an undeveloped terminal bud, posses scale-like leaves, and the inflore-
scences so formed are sessile and aggregate. In primitive taxa, such as Lindera nacusua (Don)
Merr., L. gracilipes H. W. Li and L. tanchuanensis Feng et H. S. Kung, the branchlet is usually
not shortened, with well-developed terminal bud, forming a single axillary pseudo-umbel, while
its peducle is usually very slender and stamens of pistillate flower sometimes more or less deve-
loped. The leaves on the upper part of branchlet are normal and the lower part of branchlet
becoming bracteal, In the genus the development of shortened branchlets (Fig. 1.) from the
ones in the primitive taxa to the ones in the advanced taxa may be found.
Other important morphological characters are the length of peducles. The peduncle is
usually slender in the primitive taxa, short or even sessile in the adanced taxa.
There are two types of venation in the genus: the pinnate and trinerved. As the primitive
group trib. Perseeae Mez shows pinnate veins, pinnate ventation in Lindera is more primitive
than trinerved one.
It might be possible that a transition occure in the genus from evergereen habit to deciduous
one as shown in Lindera glauca B1., L. angustifolia Cheng and L. praecox B1., whose leaves tar-
dily wither but persistent over winter.
The relationships within Lindera are shown in a hypothetical genealogical tree (Fig. 4),
which includes the system of Litsea, developed parallelly with Lindera.
From the study of morphological characters, the author infers that both Lindera and Litsea
have originated from a common ancestory related to the tribe Cinnamomeae Baill. which has a
single axillary inflorescence, with hermaphrodite flowers, 4-locular anthers and penninerved to
trinerved leaves. 相似文献
19.
在扫描电镜下观察了毛冠菊属Nannoglottis 8种植物舌片的微形态特征,以探讨其颇有争议的系统位置。所有种类舌片近轴面的细胞为板状,长圆形;径向、切向壁直;外壁特征性突起,外壁中央为纵向皱纹,相邻细胞之间的纹饰无系统连接。这些特征表明毛冠菊属和紫菀族Astereae关系密切,但它在紫菀族内的系统位置可能比较特殊。这些结果和依据ITS序列推测的紫菀族系统发育的结果相吻合。文中还讨论了一些微形态性状的演化趋势以及微形态性状在毛冠菊属部分种类分类中的应用。 相似文献