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1.
IntroductionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serological tests have been suggested as an additional diagnostic tool in highly suspected cases with a negative molecular test and determination of seroprevalence in population. We compared the diagnostic performance of eight commercial serological assays for IgA, IgM, and IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Materials and methodsThe comparison study was performed on a total of 76 serum samples: 30 SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-negative and 46 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients with asymptomatic to severe disease and symptoms duration from 3-30 days. The study included: three rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (LFIC), two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and three chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA).ResultsAgreement between IgM assays were minimal to moderate (kappa 0.26 to 0.63) and for IgG moderate to excellent (kappa 0.72 to 0.92). Sensitivities improved with > 10 days of symptoms and were: 30% to 89% for IgM; 89% to 100% for IgG; 96% for IgA; 100% for IgA/IgM combination; 96% for total antibodies. Overall specificities were: 90% to 100% for IgM; 85% to 100% for IgG; 90% for IgA; 70% for IgA/IgM combination; 100% for total antibodies. Diagnostic accuracy for IgG ELISA and CIA assays were excellent (AUC ≥ 0.90), without significant difference. IgA showed significantly better diagnostic accuracy than IgM (P < 0.001).ConclusionThere is high variability between IgM assays independently of the assay format, while IgG assays showed moderate to perfect agreement. The appropriate time for testing is crucial for the proper immunity investigation.  相似文献   

2.
Serum and urine samples from 513 patients clinically suspected of monoclonal gammopathies over a period of five years (1992–97) were subjected to various immunological procedures viz, electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis and immunoglobulin estimations. Laboratory investigations confirmed gammopathies in 10.33%. It was observed that overall age of incidence for monoclonal gammopathies in both sexes was between 42–72 years with a male to female ratio of 1.4∶1. Predominant paraprotein detected was IgG type (75.47%) followed by IgA (16.98%) and Bence Jones proteins (7.55%). Amongst positive patients, 64.16% were having kappa (k) type light chains and 35.84% lambda (δ) type light chains. 69.39% patients with serum M component (IgG and IgA) had Bence Jones proteinuria. Densitometric scanning revealed that majority of IgG type paraprotein was found in the slow gamma globulin region and majority of IgA type paraprotein was found equally distributed between beta and fast gamma globulin regions. Both types had decreased albumin and alpha-2-globulin concentrations as compared to normal controls. Immunoglobulin levels in patients with paraprotein had very high levels of serum IgG (6467.0 mg%) and IgA (2714.0 mg%) in respective types of monoclonal gammopathies; the rest of immunoglobulin classes were either at normal or decreased levels.  相似文献   

3.
Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cancer Antigen 15.3 (CA15.3) are the most common tumor markers in breast cancer patients. Measurement of circulating tumor markers is a non-invasive quantitative method. Serum levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were studied in female breast cancer patients prior to treatment. To evaluate the utility of these markers, 207 Breast carcinoma patients belonging to all the stages were considered. Healthy age matched 75 female individuals formed the control group. The serum levels of CEA and CA 15.3 were analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results were taken and compared with stages, tumor size, node and grade. The serum CA 15.3 levels were significant in all the study parameters whereas serum CEA levels showed no significant changes with any of the parameters. Measurement of serum CA 15.3 levels showed significant correlation (24.8%) with advanced stages and larger tumor sizes, whereas serum CEA levels did not show any significant correlation in breast cancer patients prior to treatment.  相似文献   

4.

Introduction

Sparse data are available about the effect of therapy methods on antibody levels in patients with liver failure. The aim of this study was to determine serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients with chronic hepatic failure (CHF), acute- (ALF), or acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and to evaluate the impact of MARS treatment or liver transplantation (LT) on antibody levels.

Materials and methods

We followed ten patients with ALF, twelve with ACLF and 18 with CHF. Eight patients with ALF and seven with ACLF underwent MARS therapy, whereas the rest received LT. 13 healthy volunteers served as controls. Serum antibody concentrations were measured using ELISA-technique.

Results

Median serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM were significantly increased in patients with CHF compared to ALF or controls (P < 0.02, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01). IgM and IgG concentrations were also significantly elevated in patients with CHF compared to ACLF (IgM, 3.7 vs. 1 g/L, P < 0.001; IgG, 8.7 vs. 3.1 g/L, P = 0.004). Immediately after LT a significant decrease of IgA (6.9 vs. 3.1 g/L, P = 0.004), IgG (8.7 vs. 5.1 g/L, P = 0.02) and IgM (3.7 vs. 1.8 g/L, P = 0.001) was detected in patients with CHF and antibody levels further decreased the days after LT reaching levels comparable to healthy individuals. MARS treatment had no apparent effect on the immunoglobulin profile in patients with ALF or ACLF.

Conclusion

We provide evidence that LT reverses hypergammaglobulinemia in patients suffering from CHF within one day, which could be explained to a reconstituted hepatic antibody clearance, whereas MARS treatment has no immediate effect on immunoglobulin levels.Key words: antibodies, immunoglobulins, liver failure, liver transplantation, artificial liver support system, molecular adsorbent recirculating system  相似文献   

5.
Tuberculosis remains major health problem in India and developing countries Immunodiagnosis has important role in screening, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. SEVA TB ES-31 antigen has shown potential in detecting tuberculous IgG antibody in earlier studies from our laboratory. In the present study we have analysedSEVA TB ES-31 antigen specific immunoglobulinsIgM, IgA and IgG in clinically and bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases to determine the usefulness of specific immunoglobulin class in the diagnosis of patients attending the hospital. Of the 30 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis 25 (83.3%) were positive for IgG, 19 (63.3%) for IgM and 16 (53.3%) for IgA. On combining IgG and IgM positivity, sensitivity was increased to 93.3%. While combining IgG and IgA positivity, sensitivity increased to 90%. However specificity was decreased to 66.6% and 70% for both of these combinations respectively. It could be envisaged from this study that IgG antibody detection against ES-31 antigen showed acceptable sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (86.6%) compared to IgM or IgA alone or in combination. When immune responses were analysed according to degree of sputum positivity, IgG response was observed to be predominant in all grades, compared to IgM or IgA antibody. The addition of IgM or IgA as an adjunct test increases the sensitivity but at the cost of specificity. Hence the detection of IgG alone is more useful compared to IgM or IgA assay, in detecting tuberculosis disease cases coming to the hospital.  相似文献   

6.
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients have disturbed sleep patterns which may lead to altered circadian rhythm in serum cortisol secretion. The aim of this study was to assess circadian changes, if any, in serum cortisol levels in female patients with FMS. Cortisol levels were estimated every 6 h during 24 h period; in 40 female patients satisfying ACR criteria for FMS (Age 36.4 ± 9.9), and 40 healthy females without FMS (Age 33.8 ± 11.1). A significant difference in the night time serum cortisol level was observed among the patients and control groups (patients, 12.9 ± 9.7 controls 5.8 ± 3.0; p < 0.01). However, no significant difference was found in serum cortisol levels in patients and control groups in the morning (patients, 28.4 ± 13.2 controls, 27.6 ± 14.5; p > 0.05), afternoon (patients, 14.4 ± 5.6 controls, 14.0 ± 6.6; p > 0.05) and evening hours (patients, 10.9 ± 5.8 controls, 8.9 ± 3.6; p > 0.05). It could be concluded that there is an abnormality in circadian secretion of cortisol in female FMS patients.  相似文献   

7.
运用三元能量能否提高小儿免疫功能？随机选取５０例３岁以下的常患呼吸道疾患和腹泄等症的门诊患儿，每１ｄ或２ｄ调理１次，９次为１疗程；选取２０例条件相同的住院患儿作为对照，按常规西药治疗至病愈。实验前后，对每个患儿各抽血２ｍＬ，经全自动化生化分析仪测定，以三元能量调理后，体液免疫中的免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ，补体Ｃ３的差异有显著意义，其他则无，提示患儿经三元能量调理，机体免疫功能有所升高，对照  相似文献   

8.
Tobacco smoking products have a heavy impact on the public health of developed as well as non-developed countries by being a main etiologic factor for the induction of cardiovascular diseases and tobacco-related cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of tobacco smoking on the measurement of the humoral immune response in Egyptian pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. Concentrations of serum immunoglobulin A, G and M in 35 smoking, 35 non-smoking pregnant women with type 1 diabetes and 35 matched normal women were measured by ELISA. Women were matched by age and working life with controls. Measurements suggested that diabetic smokers had decreased levels of IgG and IgM in their sera. It was found that normal individuals had mean IgA, IgG and IgM levels of 2.80 mg/ml, 9.33 mg/ml and 1.66 mg/ml, respectively while non-smoker women suffering from type 1 diabetes had mean levels of 3.47 mg/ml, 10.97 mg/ml and 2.05 mg/ml (p<0.0004,p<0.0001 andp<0.0002). However, the mean level of IgA, IgG and IgM in diabetic smoker sera was determined to be 3.33 mg/ml, 8.07 mg/ml and 1.31 mg/ml, respectively (p<0.003,p<0.0001 andp<0.0001). The obtained results suggest that toxic smoke components were immuno-suppressant and may well play a part in the complex immuno-pathogenesis interaction. The increased risk of smoking in insulin dependent diabetic pregnant women during pregnancy is a further reason to encourage pregnant women to quit tobacco smoking.  相似文献   

9.
The present study was undertaken in 100 subjects, 30 diabetics without complication (group I), 40 diabetics with retinopathy (group II) and 30 non diabetic as normal control group (group III). Blood sugar levels, magnesium, cholesterol and triglyceride were analyzed from plasma and serum. The results were correlated with degree of diabetic control from the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. Serum magnesium levels in group II were found to be significantly lowered than in group I. There was also significant difference in magnesium levels of group I and group III. We found a significant correlation between the glycosylated hemoglobin and magnesium levels in our study. The results also indicate that the patients with diabetic retinopathy showed significant rise in serum cholesterol and triglyceride. Probably hypomagnesemia and increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels are responsible for microvascular changes in diabetes leading to retinopathy. The purpose of this study was thus to gather information about the degree of control of diabetes and magnesium status.  相似文献   

10.
Helicobacter pylori infection stimulates strong local inflammatory and specific IgA antibody production. The influence of antibodies on the bacterial colonization is not clear. Here, we have analysed the association between the mucosal IgA level and IL-1β in various manifestations of the infection seen endoscopically. Antral biopsies of 57 dyspeptic patients were taken for culture, histology and estimation of mucosal levels of anti-H. pylori IgA and IL-1β. Mean mucosal IgA level was higher in patients with normal mucosa compared to all other groups and lower IgA level was associated with higher bacterial density. IL-1β was higher in ulcer patients and suspicious malignancy group as compared to normal group and higher level of IL-1β was associated with higher grades of metaplasia. Present study indicates that local immunity seems to have a protective role against H. pylori infection and higher level of IL-1β induced by the pathogen may be associated with metaplasia and carcinogenesis.  相似文献   

11.
Colostrum, the mammary secretion during first 2–4 days of lactation, provides all the essential components of nutrition and passive immunity required by the newborn. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), glucose intolerance and anaemia are common medical complications observed during pregnancy in Indian women and their effects were studied on the composition of colostrum collected within 24 hours of delivery from lactating women included in the study. PIH during pregnancy significantly decreased colostrum IgA and total proteins, but showed a significant increase in K+ levels, where as women with glucose intolerance showed a significant decrease in total lipids and lactose and an increase in Na+ levels in colostrum compared to normal controls. The group with anaemia also showed a significant decrease in colostrum IgA and total protein levels when compared with the control group. Awareness about the changes that occur in the composition of colostrum during complicated pregnancies can be an important and useful tool for preventive and protective paediatrics.  相似文献   

12.
The plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM and urinary protein were assayed in 250 pregnant Nigerian women with malaria and compared with 250 healthy pregnant women which served as controls. The mean values of plasma total proteins, albumin, IgG and IgA were significantly lowered (P<0.05) while a slight increase in IgM was observed in the malaria patients. Urinary proteins value of 23.10±0.50 mg/dl was obtained for the pregnant women with malaria, this was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the controls with the corresponding value of 15.32±0.09 mg/dl. This study has therefore demonstrated elevations of the urinary and decrease in plasma proteins in gestational malaria. These findings suggest that the protein profile should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of malaria.  相似文献   

13.
The Antarctic continent on the planet Earth is full of environmental extremes. It is considered as natural stress model. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of harsh environment on the certain salivary markers of 28th Indian Antarctic expeditioners. Thirty healthy men and women (median age 36 year; range 22–61 year) participated in this study. Parameters measured were salivary IgA (SIgA), IgM (SIgM), TGF-β and cortisol level at three different time points: (I) before leaving India on 26th October 2008 for base line level; (II) after 1 month on-board journey on 31st January 2009 in Southern Ocean and (III) after 1 month staying at Maitri, Antarctica on 3rd March 2009. Our observation indicated that Ship borne journey and Antarctic environment increased the SIgA levels while that of SIgM level was not altered on-board but decreased by staying for 1 month at Antarctica. No significant alteration was found in the TGF-β and cortisol level at any point of time. The present study concluded that ship borne journey and Antarctic environment may induce the SIgA level while SIgM level decreased in environmental extremes of Antarctica.  相似文献   

14.
In order to determine whether the screening of lipid profile is justified in patients with hypothyroidism we estimated serum lipids in cases having different levels of serum TSH. 60 patients of hypothyroidism in the age group of 20 to 60 yrs were studied for thyroid profile over a period of one year. On the basis of serum TSH level the cases were divided into three groups: In the first group TSH concentration was 8.8±2.99 μlU/ml, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 8.8±1.07, whereas serum total cholesterol and LDL-chol levels were 196±37.22 and 126±29.17 mg/dl respectively. The statistical analysis of these two groups showed a significant correlation between raised TSH levels and serum total cholesterol and LDL-chol (P<0.05 & P<0.01) respectively. We conclude that hypothyrodism is associated with changes in lipid profile.  相似文献   

15.
In 150 healthy Indians, aged 10 months to 84 years, levels of total proteins. IgA, IgG and lysozyme in tears have been estimated to find age and sex, related variations. No sex related changes, were observed but levels increased significantly with advancing age upto 30 years, remained stationary between 31–45 years, and started declining thereafter, Immunoglobulin G was quantifable in 26% cases only. Furthermore, tear samples with high concentrations of total proteins had high level of IgA and lysozyme.  相似文献   

16.
Upon SARS CoV-2 infection, humoral immune system triggers production of anti-SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. Currently, antibodies against SARS CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain play a central role in disease protection, making them potential target for in vitro diagnostics applications. This study determines the expression level and sustainability of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) SARS CoV-2 IgG in post COVID-19 patients. Anti-RBD SARS CoV-2 IgG antibodies in patient serum were analysed by standardised indirect ELISA using SARS CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain protein and HRP conjugated anti-human IgG antibody (anti-h IgG). The study was conducted using 35 adult patient samples with confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection. Additionally, correlation between antibody response after each stage and disease symptoms in post COVID-19 patients were studied. Maximum antibody titre was seen at Day 40 and decreased relatively to Day 180 in antibody positive samples when compared with controls. Overall, more IgG antibody expression is observed in patients who suffered from loss of smell and taste at Day 40. 71% of the positive subjects in this study showed high SARS CoV-2 IgG antibody concentration of above 10 ng/mL and 37% showed strong antibody concentration above 20 ng/mL at the peak of seroconversion.  相似文献   

17.
This work was undertaken to investigate correlation between oxidative stress and initiation of pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Fifty primigravidae in age group of 20–35 years and gestational age 28–42 weeks with PIH were taken as cases. Twenty healthy primigravidae with no medical and surgical complications of pregnancy and with blood pressure ≤140/90 mm Hg served as controls. The cases were again subgrouped as severe preeclampsia (12 in number) and mild pre-eclampsia (38 in number). All of them were evaluated for serum malondialdehyde (MDA), Serum vitamin E and plasma vitamin C levels. The serum MDA levels were raised significantly in women with mild preeclampsia (P<0.01) and in women with severe preeclampsia (P<0.01) in comparison to normal primi gravida. The serum vitamin E levels were decreased in primi gravida with mild preeclampsia (p<0.1) and in primi with severe pre eclampsia (P<0.1) in comparison to normal primi gravida but the fall was not statistically significant. There was a significant fall (P<0.05) in the vitamin C levels in primi with mild preeclampsia than in the normal primi. The vitamin C levels in severe preeclamptic patients were lower than the normal primi but the fall was not statistically significant (P=0.10). The serum MDA and vitamin E showed a negative correlation in all the cases. The serum MDA and plasma vitamin C also showed a negative correlation in the control and study group. This observation suggests that in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy there is an imbalance between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamin status because of oxidative stress. The decreased serum concentrations of the antioxidant vitamins supports the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation is an important causative factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The rise in antioxidants is probably to compensate the increased peroxide load in severe preeclampsia.  相似文献   

18.
彭红华 《大众科技》2013,(6):189-190
目的:观察针灸疗法对乳房发育不良患者的血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)水平的影响。方法:将乳房扁平或偏小病例80例,随机分为针灸丰乳治疗组40例和电子吸啜健胸仪丰乳对照组40例,治疗前后分别测量每例的血清雌、孕激素水平。结果:治疗组中血清E2、P水平较对照组血清E2、P水平明显升高。结论:针灸治疗能明显升高乳房发育不良患者的血清E2、P水平,从而达到丰乳的效果。  相似文献   

19.
This study was conducted to find out the level of oxidative stress and effect of supplementation of vitamin C, D and Calcium on levels of SOD, serum and urinary fluoride in children residing in endemic fluorosis area. For this the fluoride belt of Jaipur district was selected. The parameters selected were Super oxide dismutase, serum fluoride and urinary fluoride. The study was conducted on one hundred children, selected from four areas (25 from each area) consuming water containing 1.2, 2.4, 5.6 and 13.6 mg/l of fluoride. Drinking water fluoride, serum and urinary fluoride were measured by Ion selective electrode method. Serum SOD by Xanthine oxidase method using kit of Ransod (kit cat. No. SD125). The post treatment values showed a significant reduction in serum fluoride and SOD. Urinary fluoride levels increased significantly in post treatment stage. The results revealed a normal SOD levels in all groups but an increasing trend was observed with increasing fluoride concentration. Treatment with Calcium, Vitamin D and Vitamin C showed a significant reduction in serum fluoride and SOD and increase in urinary fluoride. A high positive correlation between pretreatment and post treatment group was observed in serum fluoride, SOD and urinary fluoride (P < 0.05). The study indicated an increasing oxidative stress in cases of fluorosis with increasing drinking water fluoride concentration. Treatment with Calcium, Vitamin D and Vitamin C resulted a significant reduction in serum fluoride and SOD and increase in urinary fluoride.  相似文献   

20.
Present study, involved two groups of chronic stress disorders, e.g. bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical investigations were launched on the blood samples of human subjects in which the levels of plasma cortisol, blood glucose, total plasma protein and serum cholesterol were assayed in diseased and normal control subjects. Observations in-vitro exhibited a notable change in the levels of all the biochemical parameters in patients of chronic disorders with respect to those of normal controls. The biochemical changes in asthmatics were comparatively more pronounced than those of rheumatoid arthritis patients. It reveals that bronchial asthma is an acute and early onset disorder because with chronicity of stressful events, there is a decline in stress response since hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is not so competent to undergo major remodelling of its circuitry necessary for homeostatic maintanence.  相似文献   

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