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1.
School quality, child wellbeing and parents’ satisfaction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Child wellbeing at school and enjoyment of the learning environment are important economic outcomes, in particular because a growing body of research shows they are strongly linked to later educational attainments and labour market success. However, the standard working assumption in the economics of education is that parents choose schools on the basis of test-score performance, and concerns about child happiness are largely ignored. In this paper, we address this omission and investigate to what extent parents’ and children's views of their school are linked to test-score based performance, and to what extent parents’ judgements of school quality are linked to their child's happiness. To do so, we use information on stated attitudes from the Longitudinal Survey of Young People in England (LSYPE) matched to administrative records on pupil achievements in England. Our results suggest that test-score based measures of school quality tend to dominate parental satisfaction with the learning environment. However, school quality along this dimension is not strongly associated with pupil happiness and wellbeing at school. 相似文献
2.
Päivi Tynjälä 《Educational Research Review》2008,3(2):130-154
The article presents a thematic review of the recent research on workplace learning. It is divided into two main sections. The first section asks what we know about learning at work, and states four propositions: (1) the nature of workplace learning is both different from and similar to school learning; (2) learning in the workplace can be described at different levels, ranging from the individual to the network and region; (3) workplace learning is both informal and formal; and (4) workplaces differ a lot in how they support learning. The second section focuses on workplace learning that is related to formal education. Different models of organising work experience for students and the challenges of creating partnerships between education and working life are described. It is concluded that the worlds of education and work are moving closer each other and that the integration of formal and informal learning is an essential prerequisite for developing the kinds of expertise needed in response to the changes taking place in working life. 相似文献
3.
Early years practitioners acknowledge that much learning takes place in a family context. Science educators, in particular, recognise the importance of children's prior knowledge, both as a foundation on which to build and as a possible source of misconceptions. However, little work has been done to discover what young children learn outside school. This study utilised parent diaries and questionnaires to elucidate the experiences of children aged four to seven which might contribute to their knowledge about the origin of food and its destiny after being eaten. The findings indicate that children learn more scientifically correct information with friends and family than teachers might realise. Awareness of children's informal knowledge can assist teachers when planning activities. As well as this, children's prior knowledge can be utilised in classroom discourse to promote understanding. 相似文献
4.
场馆学习是一种以实物为学习内容、以体验为学习方式、学习者掌握学习主动权的非正式学习,它可以为中小学生提供互动生成的学习环境、参与真实实践的学习机会以及创造多样化的学习体验,对优化和改革学校教育教学具有积极的作用。将场馆学习纳入中小学教育实践,采用以项目驱动学习、以主题统整学习和以博物馆流程引导学习的实践策略,可以优化传统的育人方式和学校教育教学。 相似文献
5.
Fostering Parental Support for Children's Mathematical Development: An Intervention with Head Start Families 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The first national education goal, school readiness, recognizes a need for young children to be better prepared for entry into elementary school. Many low-income children exhibit a pattern of underachievement in school mathematics. Research has revealed a developmental gap between low-income preschool children and their middle-class peers with respect to the extent of their numerical knowledge. Research has also found that many low-income children do not receive a broad base of support for mathematical development at home or in preschool. In each of two studies, we conducted a bi-generation (parent and child) mathematics intervention with Head Start families. The intervention was designed to enhance parental support for pre-kindergarten children's mathematical development. It was found that low-income parents were willing and able to support this area of their children's development once they were provided with the training to do so. The support that parents provided to their children through the intervention was clearly effective in enhancing the development of children's informal mathematical knowledge. Intervention children developed more extensive mathematical knowledge than a comparison group of low-income children. Thus, an important step toward achieving the school readiness goal can be taken by fostering low- income parents' support for young children's mathematical development. 相似文献
6.
论城市非正式教育制度对流动儿童教育发展的负面影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在我国当前的城市化过程中,城市的非正式教育制度对流动儿童的教育发展产生了广泛的负面影响。其一,流动儿童的教育利益受到损害;其二,学校教育中出现了以“身份”为标尺的“第二种评价标准”,这严重妨碍了流动儿童的教育发展。对此,人们应高度关注城市非正式教育制度在教育发展中的影响。 相似文献
7.
Based on principles of constructivism, an analysis is made of how practice in mathematical education might be reformed towards a professional practice. In addition to the widespread recommendations that mathematical teaching be based on interactive communication and that mathematical learning be active, we argue that conventional school mathematics be replaced by a constructivist school mathematics. A constructivist school mathematics is based on children's use of their schemes of action and operation in learning situations, and whatever accommodation the children make in these schemes as they use them. Through examples of our learning of the numerical schemes of five year old children we illustrate what we mean by a constructivist school mathematics. In our examples, we characterize the schemes of action and operation that we attribute to children as our interpretations of the children's activities. For this reason, we define a constructivist school mathematics to be the results of the observer's experiential abstractions in the context of interacting with children mathematically. A professional teacher is cast as one with the intellectual autonomy and power to produce a constructivist school mathematics, including the involved situations of learning and interactive mathematical communication. 相似文献
8.
《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2012,48(4-5):535-553
Since the very earliest times, schools have provided a place (the playground) and a time (playtimes) in which children can have time away from the direct involvement of adults and formal learning. Although the basic design of school grounds has changed in a number of ways over the years, from the subtle to the more direct, what effect these changes have had on the overall education of the child is less clear. Research has identified a number of positive effects on leaning that playtimes and the informal use of school grounds provides, yet it is also clear that schools themselves often greatly under‐use this potential, or even actively restrict access to it, as a counter to what is often seen as the ‘problem’ of playtime. This paper will draw on recent research into ‘what’ happens on school playgrounds and ‘where’ it happens, using visual examples from the UK. The findings from this research will explore the direct links that have been found between school building design and children’s use of the outdoor environment for play. 相似文献
9.
Roseanna Bourke Mandia Mentis 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2014,21(4):384-397
Teachers committed to inclusive education have the potential to revolutionise pedagogical and assessment practices within regular classrooms simply because students with high needs challenge traditional assumptions about what it means ‘to learn’ and ‘to assess’. This creates opportunities for teachers to find creative ways to ascertain what and how a child learns, and how these assessment results can be communicated to the child, parents, the school and funding bodies to enable further learning. This paper explores diverse assessment practices including criterion-based, normative, ipsative and self-assessment, with both formative and summative functions, reported as being used by teachers in New Zealand who teach students with high needs. These multiple approaches can be integrated into learning stories to ‘narrate’ student learning. An assessment framework is introduced to support teachers to appreciate the functionality of an integrated assessment approach to document student learning and outcomes, arguably a framework applicable for all learners. 相似文献
10.
Mother–child planning was examined in relation to child emotional functioning and first-grade school performance. Ninety dyads were randomly assigned to the explicit-goal condition (emphasized accuracy and preparation for a child-only posttest) or the no-explicit-goal condition (dyads just asked to work together). In the no-explicit-goal condition only, children higher in negative emotionality and lower in regulation skills were less engaged in the task and planned less effectively. Both mother–child planning and adaptive child emotional functioning were positively associated with school performance. Results suggest that child emotional functioning mediated associations between planning and school performance. Implications of these findings for the development of planning and children's transition to school are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Fostering Intrinsic Motivation in Early Childhood Classrooms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Young children are born with an innate curiosity to learn about their world. This intrinsically instigated learning is often called mastery motivation. Patterns of motivation are established at an early age. The early childhood years are crucial for establishing robust intrinsic motivational orientations which will last a lifetime. By the time many children reach school, much of their motivation has been lost or replaced with extrinsically motivated learning strategies. Preschools and elementary schools have been criticized for contributing to such negative motivational patterns in children. This can be changed. Early child care situations and preschools can instead be instrumental in the strengthening of children's motivation. The goal of this paper is to show that through an understanding of the beginnings of motivation, we can begin to find ways to build strong motivational patterns in children that can carry on to later years of learning. 相似文献
12.
Angela Anning 《Education 3-13》2013,41(2):32-38
The focus of this article is the role of drawings in the journeys of young children towards literacy. The argument is that young children learn from home contexts a wide range of approaches towards literacy. At school their flexibility in using these approaches is reshaped into narrow versions of literacy based on learning to read, write and become numerate. Children continue to explore alternative modes of representation at home and amongst their peer group in informal learning contexts outside school. The argument is illustrated with examples from a project, which followed the changes in seven young children's drawing behaviours as they made the transition from home to school. It is suggested that we need a radical reappraisal of what it means to be a literate child in 2004; and that the literacy curriculum in early childhood settings needs to be reframed to reflect this reappraisal. 相似文献
13.
Perspectives on the transition from preschool to kindergarten for children with disabilities and their families. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
This article addresses the transition of young children from preschool programs that provide special education services to kindergarten or alternative elementary school placements. The roles of the child, family, and service providers in transition preparation, planning, implementation, and evaluation are described. Successful transitions include assessments of children's skills in meeting the demands of kindergarten programs, teaching these skills to children, and actively encouraging parent participation in plans and programs. Barriers to successful transitions include lack of time and funding to coordinate both parent activities and between-school arrangements. A critical area for future research is the long-term evaluation of the procedures described as "best practice," as well as the definition of what constitutes a successful transition. 相似文献
14.
Venues for informal science education are usually those sought out by people who are specifically looking for an educational
experience. Whether planning a trip to a museum or choosing a television program, these individuals are actively seeking an
informal educational experience; they are a self-selected group. This paper investigates whether members of the public will
respond to an informal science activity that is placed in a location where learning about science would be unexpected. This
project developed and used an activity about the cardiovascular system in which participants were able to walk the path of
blood flow through the heart, body, and lungs. This activity was tested in two types of settings: where science was either
expected or unexpected. A non-traditional assessment method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the activity in the
unexpected versus the expected settings. Ultimately, the activity was found to be equally effective in both settings, providing
evidence for success in bringing informal science education to the general population in non-traditional venues. 相似文献
15.
张学东 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2009,42(1):23-29
外来工子女城市就学体现教育机会均等化,也是融入城市社会的表现。基于社会支持视角,外来工子女城市就学具有非正式支持的单一性与正式支持的筛选性特征,存在无形资源支持与有形资源支持的差异,困境的解救更多依赖于非正式支持。在社会支持来源方面,外来工子女城市就学是一种结构性制约下的无奈选择;在社会支持的资源方面,就学离不开有形资源支持,但看护、认知、情感等无形资源支持甚至更为重要;在社会支持的情景方面,体制设置的障碍与正式救助的不足并存,增加了就学的成本,社会公平面临挑战。 相似文献
16.
Nunes T Bryant P Burman D Bell D Evans D Hallett D 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2009,14(2):260-277
Multiplicative reasoning is required in different contexts in mathematics: it is necessary to understand the concept of multipart units, involved in learning place value and measurement, and also to solve multiplication and division problems. Measures of hearing children's multiplicative reasoning at school entry are reliable and specific predictors of their mathematics achievement in school. An analysis of deaf children's informal multiplicative reasoning showed that deaf children under-perform in comparison to the hearing cohorts in their first two years of school. However, a brief training study, which significantly improved their success on these problems, suggested that this may be a performance, rather than a competence difference. Thus, it is possible and desirable to promote deaf children's multiplicative reasoning when they start school so that they are provided with a more solid basis for learning mathematics. 相似文献
17.
CAO JIE 《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(4):97-100
Virtually every adult we met in China was a parent with a child in school. Thus, while the number of households we visited was small, we had many conversations centering on parenthood, the role of elders, and the problems associated with raising children. Although our discussions revealed that parents, grandparents, and members of the community all play a large part in the overall education of China's children, we were interested in the fact that these same individuals do not have a significant influence on the formal education their children receive inside the classroom. That is to say that members of families and communities govern students' informal, social education as it occurs whenever children are away from school; but their influence on such matters as curriculum, textbook and material selections, and teaching methodology is minimal. Our observations in the areas we toured and of the people we met led us to conclude that parental and community involvement is enlisted by the school system only to the extent this involvement supports the political and moral objectives of the system and that it is not allowed to present suggestions that contradict or attempt to modify what actually goes on in the classroom. 相似文献
18.
《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(2):294-314
If I lose my key in Canada, for instance, and I search for it in the United Kingdom, how long will I take to find it? This paper argues that problems in education are caused by non‐professional teachers who are employed when trained teachers move in search of promotion friendly activities or financially rewarding duties. This shift of focus means that policy makers in education act without adequate professional guidance. The problems in education, therefore, result from demands made on mainstream education based on misconceptions about what education can offer. It is argued that the implementation of e‐learning in education faces the risk of developing on the basis of unproven theories. This scenario increasingly sees the replacement of formal education activities in institutions of learning with non‐formal and informal education practices. Given that the contents and influences of non‐formal and informal education are not under the control of the teacher, the experiences that learners bring to education settings are increasingly difficult to manage. The paper proposes that by integrating e‐learning in teacher education and rewarding ‘good teaching’, there is a potential for a successful e‐learning revolution in education. 相似文献
19.
This study explores how activities developed by science experts in partnership with middle school teachers were employed and
interpreted. The goals of this partnership were to (a) help the science teacher meet earth science content standards in new
ways, (b) expose students to ‘real world’ experiences outside their school setting, and (c) positively impact teacher practice
by providing a program to be used as a catalyst for future learning. Over 300 sixth graders mostly underrepresented science
students attended activities at an aquarium serving an urban West Coast urban context. Science teachers, non-science teachers,
scientists, and volunteers were all engaged in pre-trip instruction, professional development opportunities, and follow-up
activities as this partnership effort explored ways to enhance local literacy initiatives across the curriculum. Results suggest
that teacher beliefs about informal education impacted their view and participation in the program and the level of submersion
of teachers in collaboration strongly affects the ability to serve underrepresented students on informal excursions. Implications
for teacher education and outreach are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Revital Tali Tal 《Environmental Education Research》2004,10(4):523-543
A case study of school–community collaboration in an elementary community school in Israel follows up an environmental education (EE) school‐based curriculum that involves the parents and community members in various indoors and outdoors activities. The collaboration was established in the framework of the Community School Approach. In these schools, parents are encouraged to be involved in planning school‐based curriculum and participating in school's formal and informal activities. The aim of the study was to describe environmental education‐based school–community partnerships and to examine the advantages and limitations for such collaboration. Parents, teachers and community members were interviewed for a period of three years. Most of the participants acknowledged the unique nature of EE that allows such a partnership, emphasizing local ideas of project‐based learning in environmental education. The study describes an exemplary collaboration and the development of local school–community partnerships, which could be adapted by other communities within elementary or middle schools. 相似文献