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1.
Increasing sport participation has been identified as a key vehicle for achieving World Health Organisation guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). A policy challenge is to promote this changed behaviour. Making use of the Active People Survey, a zero-inflated ordered probit model is used to identify the covariates of sport participation for males and females with respect to the related decisions to either participate in sport or not, and to participate at either lower or higher than desired intensity. To inform current policy emphases, the Active Places Survey is also used to examine the causal impact of facility provision on these behaviours. Results indicate that females are more likely to adopt less intensive activity even with time available. Families could place most constraints on females, but also reduce the intensity of male participation. Education has a greater association with higher intensity female activity. The largest effects are identified for sport club membership and facility satisfaction. Both of these affect male intensity of activity most. The main policy challenges facing sport in contributing to HEPA are shown to involve retaining male intensity of participation when ageing and encouraging greater female intensity of participation, with more appropriate matching of facilities. 相似文献
2.
采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对福建省漳州市“城中村”妇女体育参与现状进行调查研究.结果显示：“城中村”妇女的工作时间长、体育意识淡薄,体育参与率和体育消费较低,对体育活动的组织和体育设施的投入要求不高.影响“城中村”妇女参与体育锻炼的因素有年龄、工作时间、受教育程度、职业、家庭月收入.建议政府管理部门加强对“城中村”妇女进行体育卫生健康教育的宣传,适当增加“城中村”体育活动和体育设施的投入,并协调相关劳动部门调整中低阶层群体的收入分配,缩短女工的工作时间等. 相似文献
3.
Samantha Nanayakkara 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(13):1885-1906
The participation of women in sport is significant to socio-economic empowerment in any country. Evidence reveal that although South Asian female athletes are capable of winning medals in the Olympics, a very low percentage of the South Asian female population ever participate actively in sport. The status and circumstances to participate in sport are restricted for many female athletes in South Asia. This paper examined the main factors that influence women's sporting participation in South Asian countries. Data were analysed by using documentary analysis method. This paper analysed a combination of concepts addressing women and sport in South Asia in two ways. Firstly, it emphasises the issues and patterns of women's participation in sport in South Asian countries after the independence from the British Empire. Secondly, it highlights the benefits to South Asian societies of women's participation in sport, but argues why South Asian women are trivialised in sports participation. Results revealed the inequalities and discrimination that constrain women from participating in the South Asian sports sector as personal, social and cultural barriers. Possible solutions are provided to reduce these factors to encourage South Asian women's participation in sport. Success and the implications of South Asian governments’ interventions on women and sport are also discussed. Results of this study revealed the inequalities and discrimination that constrain women from participating in the South Asian sports sector is continuing. 相似文献
4.
Ruth Jeanes Ramón Spaaij Jonathan Magee Karen Farquharson Sean Gorman Dean Lusher 《Sport in Society》2019,22(6):986-1004
AbstractInterventions aimed at increasing the participation of young people with disabilities in recreational sport have had mixed success. The authors draw on in-depth interviews with representatives from State Sporting Associations, local government officers and volunteers within community sports clubs in Victoria, Australia, to examine why some sports clubs are unable or unwilling to translate policy ambitions into practice. The findings indicate how by framing disability provision as ‘too difficult’, ‘not core business’ and antithetical to competitive success, community sports clubs are able to resist policy ambitions to modify existing structures and develop more inclusive practice. Greater priority needs to be given to transformational inclusion objectives and challenging ableism if clubs are to structurally progress the development of participation opportunities for young people with disabilities. 相似文献
5.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):484-491
AbstractIt seems common knowledge that school sport participation leads to all kinds of social, educational and health outcomes. However, it may also be that students with a certain predisposition, sometimes referred to as sporting habitus, are more inclined to participate in school sports and that the ‘outcomes’ were already present before participation. Several studies indicated that identity formation mediates between sport participation and the outcomes described. Therefore, a longitudinal survey study was used to investigate whether participation in an elementary school sport competition brought about changes in the formation of sport identity and student identity of students. The results of the study showed that participation in the competition was not related to changes in the sport identity and student identity of the children. In contrast to commonplace assumptions about the socialising effects of school sport participation, the results indicate that participating in this school sport competition did not influence the student identity and sport identity of children. It may be that a selected, predisposed group of children with a strong sport identity participates in school sports, although future research is necessary to test this hypothesis. 相似文献
6.
Luis Gracia-Marco Concepción Tomàs Germán Vicente-Rodríguez David Jiménez-Pavón Juan P. Rey-López Francisco B. Ortega 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1383-1389
Abstract The aims of this study were to identify differences between the sexes in extra-curricular participation in sports and to determine its association with body fat and socio-demographic factors in Spanish adolescents. A total of 2165 adolescents (1124 males and 1041 females) aged 13.0–18.5 years from the AVENA Study participated. Participants filled in an ad hoc questionnaire for extra-curricular participation in sports, which was the dependent variable. Independent variables were: age, percent body fat, and father's and mother's educational level and occupation. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were applied. Bivariate analysis showed for male adolescents that age and father's occupation were related to extra-curricular participation in sports. In addition, body fat and mother's education and occupation (all P < 0.05) were related to extra-curricular participation of in sports for female adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of involvement in extra-curricular participation in sports was 5.3-fold (3.86–7.38) higher for males than females. Age and father's education in both males and females were independently associated with extra-curricular participation in sports. In summary, Spanish male adolescents were shown to engage in more extra-curricular sports than females. In addition, age and father's education (in both sexes) were associated with the participation of their offspring in extra-curricular sports during adolescence. 相似文献
7.
为了深化特殊教育学校体育课程改革,运用文献资料调研法、调查法等研究方法对特殊学校学生体育需求现状及制约因素进行研究。结果显示,福建省以综合性特殊学校数量居多,不同类型的特殊教育学生参与体育活动的目的、喜欢的体育项目不尽相同,绝大多数特殊教育学生喜欢参与体育活动,但是特殊体育师资匮乏,学校场地器材设施不足影响学生健身需求实现,现有的体育课程基本满足不了学生的体育需求;在此基础上提出了加强残疾学生对体育需求的正确引导、设计符合特殊教育学生需求的适应体育课程、加大体育经费的投入、加强特殊体育教师队伍建设等建议。 相似文献
8.
AbstractGlobalization spearheaded professionalization and commercialization of sports, which has contributed and elevated sport labour migration out of Africa. People move far from their home base to improve their standards of living, form new identities, and to enhance national pride, which enabled many African men and women involved in elite sports to become an integral part of global sport competitions. This paper investigates factors that influenced the migration of athletes/players out of Eastern Africa and to understand their transnational experiences in a global context. The World System Theory, transnationalism and neoclassical theoretical perspectives guided this research in broad and specific contexts. Data sources included research journal articles, public government documents, theoretical and philosophical papers, newspapers, and internet documentaries that provide stories about sport migrants individually and as a collective group. Themes emerging from this study focus on the following: (a) patterns of migration, (b) factors that spearhead movement of sport migrants out of Eastern Africa and (c) transnational experiences with exemplifications. 相似文献
9.
AbstractEven though the right to participate in sport, recreation and play is stipulated in the United Nations’ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as a stand-alone provision, it is often treated as a ‘second class right’. This paper critically investigates challenges of realizing this right in the context of Ethiopia. Findings are based on wheelchair basketball trainings held in Ethiopia for persons with physical disabilities in 2015 as a case study and from follow-up data to assess the impact of the trainings. Firstly, inequalities in structures related to disability sports between the Global North and South are described. Secondly, examples of discrimination between groups within disability communities are shown. Lastly, the complex nature of realizing the rights of persons with disabilities is examined in the context of accessibility and sports. In conclusion, we summarize the key components for genuine implementation of ‘Sports for all’. 相似文献
10.
11.
Kenneth Roberts 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(1):47-57
Abstract This paper compares the policies and assumptions in Sport: Raising the Game, with the findings of three recent national surveys. These show, contrary to the assumptions in the government policy statement, that England's schools have been increasing, not cutting back on their sports teaching and facilities, and that young people are now playing more sport in and out of school than in earlier decades. Also, the drop‐out rate in late‐adolescence has declined substantially over the last generation which seems to be due mainly to the spread of community provisions rather than the school‐club links whose importance is emphasised in the policy statement. This statement makes no reference to equal opportunities, which may be considered justified by the research findings that social class differences have become blurred, that girls now receive equal treatment in school sport, and the persistence of sex differences in out of school participation is caused by the sexes’ prior orientations rather than their different experiences in school. However, the recent evidence also shows that there are still pronounced social class and gender differences in sport participation, and that equal opportunities issues remain unresolved. 相似文献
12.
湖北省新农村建设中农民参与体育活动的意愿与态度调查 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
摘要：采用问卷调查、实地访谈等研究方法,从性别、婚姻状况、年龄结构、经济收入、文化程度、职业身份等6个人口学变量考察了湖北省农民参与体育活动的意愿与态度。结果表明：湖北省农民参与体育活动的主体意识日益增强;农民对发展新农村体育的意愿主要受文化程度、家庭年收入、婚姻状况3个因素的影响,其中文化程度对其影响最大;从农民参与体育活动的意愿与态度来看,男性较女性强,未婚者强于已婚者,离婚或丧偶者最弱,在年龄结构上彰显出“中间小、两头大”的特征,文化程度和家庭年收入状况与之正相关,职业身份则与其存在一定的相关性。提出了加大“农民体育健身工程”的宣传力度、注重培养“消极群体”的积极的体育活动意愿与态度等建议。 相似文献
13.
The world is becoming a global village and within many professions, including physical education and sport, individuals have multiple opportunities to work and socialize with people from different ethnic backgrounds, cultures, lifestyles, religions, etc. Due to the increasing cultural diversity, it is important for physical education and sport professionals to understand how cultural and social factors of different ethnic groups and countries may influence a person from participating in physical activity. The aim of this paper was to examine some of the traditional and recent cultural and social factors that have an impact on women's participation in physical activities in Taiwan. Factors such as changes within the family structure, equal education opportunities, and the growing attention from the government toward physical activity for all have motivated and encouraged women in Taiwan to participate in physical activity. The other aim of this paper was to emphasize the importance of Taiwanese women's physical activity participation and to encourage continued involvement in physical activities. 相似文献
14.
This study evaluates how domains of physical activity (PA) in youth predict later PA and assesses factors influencing changes in sports participation. Young people from the Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity study (n = 873; baseline age 10–18 years; 30.4% male) completed self-report surveys in 2009 and 2014. In a multiple linear regression analysis, participation frequency in club sport (β = 0.18) and extracurricular sport (β = 0.13) significantly predicted PA 5 years later, adjusted for age, sex and urban/rural classification (P < 0.01). Overall, rates of regular (at least once per week) youth sports participation were high (males 79.3–85.5%; females 74.8–83.2%). Uptake and dropout of specific sports varied widely. Despite high levels of migration into and out of Gaelic games, they remained popular at follow-up. Weight training was the only sport that increased in both sexes (P < 0.05). Fitness, friends and enjoyment were top motivations for taking up a new sport. Other commitments, a lack of interest and time were important factors leading to sports dropout. PA promotion strategies should include youth sport, take into consideration what sports are attractive to young people and address reasons for uptake and dropout. 相似文献
15.
Harish Kumar Argyro Elisavet Manoli Ian R. Hodgkinson Paul Downward 《Sport Management Review》2018,21(5):549-562
Sport delivery systems, aimed at facilitating sports participation, represent an inter-institutional, cross-sector collaboration. Researchers focusing on the impact of different levels of sport provision from policy, through facilities, to end users remains limited. The authors address this gap in knowledge through a mixed- methods approach to examine sport participation from the perspective of the whole delivery system. Specifically, focusing on a County Sport Partnership region in the UK, the authors examine sport participation from the policy (macro), facility (meso), and end user (micro) levels. Regional heads responsible for sport development and delivery participated in semi-structured interviews, facility-level managers completed a survey, and end-users across public, private, and outsourced facilities participated in focus groups. Results show a clear divergence between the sport policy goals across the private and public sectors, with significant differences observed between facility types on their social and commercial objectives and their prioritized stakeholder groups. The divergence has little impact on user participation or expression of health, wellbeing, and social capital, offering new evidence on the role of neoliberalism in sport delivery systems. 相似文献
16.
采用专家访谈和实地调研等方法就民营机构参与体育场馆市场化运营问题进行分析。认为我国民营机构参与市场化运营的基本情况主要表现在民营机构较少整体参与,以承包租赁等部分参与为主,服务外包逐步普及等方面,尚存在体育场馆经营权尚未放开、运营投资收益率不高、专业民营运营机构较为缺乏、运营政策不确定和政府干预较多等制约因素,提出政府应保持体育场馆原有运营政策不变、建立体育公共服务考核与评价标准,推行政府购买体育公共服务机制、体育场馆经营权应进行公开招标、明确监管范围,转变监管方式、加快民营体育场馆专业管理机构的培育与人才培养等建议,以促进民营机构参与体育场馆的市场化运营。 相似文献
17.
文章通过对200名苏州地区2型糖尿病患者体育活动现状进行调查与分析,旨在找出其规律和特点,提出合理的建议和对策。研究结果表明：体育活动已成为预防和治疗2型糖尿病的一种重要方式;2型糖尿病患者参与体育活动的意识较强,但对体育活动的目的和意义还缺乏全面理解;参与体育活动的项目因自身需要、喜爱不同而异,参与的形式主要是自发性的,但参与活动的时间没有规律,频率太低,同时受时间、场所和器材设施等因素的制约,对体育的基本常识和科学的锻炼方法缺乏了解,从而影响了锻炼的效果。 相似文献
18.
我国冀东地区小城镇体育活动现状及发展模式 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
采用文献资料、问卷调查等研究方法,分析我国冀东地区小城镇体育基本特征,如居民健身项目、场所、动机、消费等;开展难点问题,如健身活动地点、群体年龄及知识结构特征、健身时间等;影响体育发展的主要因素,如体育场馆设施建设落后、政府重视程度低、公民的体育参与意识不强、体育社会化程度低、体育经费落实不到位等;提出了适合冀东小城镇特色的“旅游型”、“企业型”、“园区型”、“家庭型”发展模式。 相似文献
19.
The action sport industry is a high growth sector that attracts the lucrative Generation Y market. Although there is a growing body of literature that examines the characteristics and traits of the Generation Y market as consumers of action sports, little is known about the supply side of the action sports industry. This paper illustrates through the example of the skateboarding sport cluster, that this sector has evolved in an organic, almost chaotic manner very different to that of the mainstream sports industry. Entrepreneurs have taken advantage of the open system, the lack of formal boundaries and the risk loving nature of the market to grow the sector into a very profitable industry. The paper specifically illustrates the differences to mainstream sports in relation to provision of facilities, program development and pathways and the roles of suppliers, councils and program developers. 相似文献
20.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):315-329
In many countries, voluntary sports clubs are the main recipients of public subsidies regarding the provision of recreational sport, and the economically most important level of government is usually the local government (i.e. the municipalities). The purpose of this article is to examine whether and how municipal framework conditions matter for sports clubs. Inspired by previous studies, we examine the role of direct and indirect public subsidies as well as facility coverage. The authors conduct analyses on a general level (for all sports) and specifically for five sports (badminton, football, gymnastics, handball and swimming). The differentiation between sports allows us to examine how municipal framework conditions might be associated differently with density and participation across sports. In the statistical analyses, the authors apply data collected among all 98 Danish municipalities. The results show that the municipal levels of direct and indirect subsidies are weakly correlated with both the density of and participation in sports clubs, while stronger correlations can be identified with regard to facility coverage. The analyses for the five sports reveal that the supply of relevant facility types is – with few exceptions – positively correlated with sports club density and participation levels within each sport. Thus, facility coverage seems to play a more important role for sports clubs than the levels of indirect and particularly direct subsidies. 相似文献