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本研究以发展性阅读障碍儿童和典型发展儿童各20名为被试，采用发音抑制范式和无关言语范式，探讨语音回路的两个子成分即发音复述装置和语音存储装置对发展性阅读障碍儿童阅读理解的影响。结果发现：(1)发展性阅读障碍儿童组在正常阅读条件下的阅读成绩显著优于发音抑制条件和无关言语条件，发音抑制条件下的阅读成绩显著优于无关言语条件，而典型发展儿童组三种阅读条件下的阅读成绩无显著差异；(2)发展性阅读障碍儿童组在三种阅读条件下的阅读成绩均显著低于典型发展儿童组。这些结果说明语音回路的两个子成分对发展性阅读障碍儿童的阅读理解都有影响，且语音存储装置的影响更大；发展性阅读障碍儿童的语音回路对阅读理解的影响程度比典型发展儿童更大，其语音回路存在缺陷。 相似文献
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近年来,阅读流畅性研究在阅读及阅读障碍研究领域受到广泛关注.文章首先对阅读流畅性的内涵及结构成分进行了梳理,接着探讨了阅读流畅性与阅读理解关系的理论模型.并在此基础上,对阅读障碍领域的阅读流畅性研究进行了分析,探讨了阅读流畅性在阅读障碍的预测、评估及干预中的作用.最后提出汉语阅读障碍中阅读流畅性的研究将有 助于相关研究的深入. 相似文献
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解码困难是阅读障碍的主要特征。时间敏感性缺陷可能是导致解码困难的原因之一。本研究采用视觉、听觉和视听跨模态时间顺序判断任务，比较了3～5年级阅读障碍和典型发展儿童时间敏感性的差异，探索了单模态和跨模态时间敏感性影响阅读流畅性的路径模型。结果发现：(1)阅读障碍儿童的视觉时间敏感性，以及视觉刺激先于听觉刺激呈现(VA顺序)时的视听跨模态时间敏感性显著落后于典型发展儿童；(2)儿童的视觉时间敏感性能直接预测阅读流畅性；并能通过VA顺序下的视听跨模态时间敏感性和颜色命名的多中介作用间接预测阅读流畅性，表明儿童的时间敏感性通过语义路径间接影响阅读流畅性。在开展阅读障碍的筛查和干预时，儿童的时间敏感性缺陷应引起关注。 相似文献
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《兰州教育学院学报》2020,(2):85-87
为考察小学四年级维吾尔文阅读障碍儿童检出率及其阅读发展落后程度,用"智力-成就差异"模式从1223名小学四年级维吾尔族儿童中筛选出156名阅读障碍儿童,从中选取144名阅读障碍儿童并将其阅读成绩与小学二年级儿童进行对比研究。结果发现,阅读成绩低于同年级平均成绩1个和1. 5个标准差在两种不同诊断标准下,阅读障碍检出率为3. 00%和9. 65%;小学四年级阅读障碍儿童的阅读成绩显著低于二年级学生平均阅读水平(P <0.001)。这表明,属于透明文字的维吾尔文小学四年级阅读障碍儿童检出率具有跨文字的一致性,其阅读发展水平停留在学习字词解码阶段。 相似文献
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已有研究发现,如果能在早期对发展性阅读障碍儿童进行恰当干预,就能使70%患病儿童的阅读能力得到改善。如何通过干预帮助发展性阅读障碍儿童更好更高效地进行文本阅读,是目前研究者普遍关注的课题。文章基于阅读发展六阶段模型,遵从儿童阅读能力发展的规律,从语音意识层面、字词层面、句子篇章层面、阅读策略层面四个角度,对目前国内外的发展性阅读障碍干预方案进行了回顾性梳理,为处于不同阅读能力发展阶段的发展性阅读障碍儿童提供合理的干预方案参照。建议今后关于发展性阅读障碍儿童的干预研究主要聚焦以下方面：(1)干预应该根据儿童阅读能力发展规律开展,以弥补发展性阅读障碍儿童当前存在的缺陷为短期目标,帮助他们达到该年龄段正常儿童阅读能力水平为长期目标;(2)加强有关发展性阅读障碍儿童阅读策略的干预研究;(3)干预方案应与语文教学过程相结合,使干预效果可以在日常教学中不断巩固和迁移。 相似文献
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当前汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的干预特征为多感官语言干预、基础认知能力干预和神经调控干预等新技术新思路的综合应用。基于活动和教具的多感官语言干预能够弥补汉语阅读障碍儿童信息获取和编码等缺陷，巩固记忆效果。基础认知能力干预主要针对汉语阅读障碍儿童的工作记忆缺陷和视听知觉缺陷。工作记忆训练有助于提高视空间、语音、中央执行任务以及阅读任务的表现，知觉干预通过训练视听觉综合能力来提高阅读障碍儿童的知觉水平和阅读能力。神经反馈训练和经颅直流电刺激等神经干预方法有望从根本上提升阅读障碍者的阅读能力。未来的干预研究需要进一步依托人工智能技术开发个性化干预平台，同时通过完善神经调控技术挖掘汉语相关的生物标志物。 相似文献
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很多家长反映。孩子在入学前一切正常。有些甚至可以自己动手制作一些小东西，可没想到上学后却出现了严重的学习困难。产生阅读与记字困难，不仅拼音学不好，而且学过的字很快就忘记：阅读时读不成句子，增字减字，读文章时给人的感觉是在读字．读后不知意思；做数学应用题时，由于不认得的字太多不理解题意，而不能解题，必须要家长给读题。经研究者测试发现，这一类儿童的阅读能力和识字量水平落后于正常儿童1-2个年级水平．也就是说．一个三年级儿童的阅读水平只相当于一年级儿童的阅读水平。一心理学上把这种儿童称作阅读障碍儿童。患有阅读障碍的儿童在5％-10％左右。有阅读障碍的儿童得不到人们的理解，往往还受到不公正的批评。久而久之．这些孩子变得自卑和自弃，产生严重的身心健康问题。 相似文献
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阅读能力是社会生活中所必须的一项能力,对阅读能力的训练也是学校学习的重要组成部分。本研究对影响小学生阅读能力的因素进行了考察。研究根据梁子勤教授[1]的建议,对影响小学生阅读能力的因素进行了测量,共包括:正字法判断任务、识字量测试、快速命名任务、阅读理解任务、拼音测试任务五个部分,探讨了五个因素之间的相关关系,结果表明:(1)识字量能显著地预测阅读理解的成绩,说明识字量水平对阅读理解水平的高低起到主要影响,由此推断发展性阅读障碍儿童在识字量方面可能存在不足,对于一般小学生而言,增加和巩固识字量可以帮助其提高阅读理解成绩。(2)阅读理解与正字法、识字量、语音呈显著正相关,进一步回归分析发现,识字量在小学生阅读理解能力中起着非常重要的作用。 相似文献
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The present study aimed to investigate the double-deficit hypothesis (DDH) in an orthography of intermediate depth. Eighty-five European Portuguese-speaking children with developmental dyslexia, aged 7 to 12, were tested on measures of phonological awareness (PA), naming speed (NS), reading, and spelling. The results indicated that PA and NS were not significantly correlated, and that NS predicts reading fluency (but not reading accuracy and spelling) beyond what is accounted for by PA. Although the majority of the children with developmental dyslexia have double deficit (62.4%), some children have a single phonological deficit (24.7%) or a single NS deficit (8.2%). Children with a double deficit were not more impaired in reading fluency, reading accuracy, and spelling than both single-deficit subtypes. In conclusion, the findings of the present study are partially consistent with the DDH and provide evidence for the multifactorial model of developmental dyslexia. Implications of the DDH for an orthography of intermediate depth are emphasized.
相似文献12.
AbstractThis study aims to identify the predictors of Chinese reading and literacy skills among Chinese school children in Taiwan. Participants recruited in the study were 182 Grade 1 elementary school students. First, data were collected on these students’ literacy skills, which comprised morphological awareness, orthography processing, visual perception skills, phonological awareness, and rapid automatised naming. In Grade 2, data were collected from these students on their word decoding skills, which comprised character recognition and reading fluency. Finally, in Grade 3, data were collected on the Chinese comprehension skills of the same students. A structural equation model examined the direct and indirect effects of students’ literacy skills at Grade 1 on their reading comprehension at Grade 3, with students’ word decoding at Grade 2 acting as a mediator. Results showed that reading comprehension of students at Grade 3 was predicted by their literacy skills at Grade 1. 相似文献
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This study compared the effects of three different read-aloud methods on text reading fluency and reading comprehension. The sample included a total of 152 first-grade and third-grade students. The data were collected by evaluating students' text reading fluency and reading comprehension levels. The analyses showed that while the first graders’ text reading fluency scores did not vary by the read-aloud methods, the first graders’ reading comprehension varied by the read-aloud methods in favor of the group practicing just reading. This result would be important for first-grade students’ teachers. However, the findings from the third graders indicated that neither their text reading fluency nor their reading comprehension levels varied by the read-aloud method. The results of this study provide evidence on the effectiveness of three different read-aloud methods on reading fluency and reading comprehension in the Turkish language context, which is more orthographically transparent than the English language. 相似文献
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Eve Kikas Eija Pakarinen Piret Soodla Kätlin Peets Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2018,62(6):832-849
This study examined associations between classroom-level reading fluency, comprehension, interest in reading, and teaching practices. Participants were 466 children from 21 classrooms. Reading fluency and interest were assessed at the beginning and end of Grade 1, reading comprehension at the end of Grade 1. Teaching practices were observed with the Early Childhood Classroom Observation Measure (ECCOM). Teachers were more likely to use teacher-directed methods in classrooms where children had poorer initial reading fluency. In classrooms with mostly child-centered methods, children showed better reading fluency, comprehension, and higher interest, whereas in classrooms with predominately teacher-directed practices, children had lower reading comprehension at the end of Grade 1. Findings highlight the need for teacher education programs to incorporate discussions about the benefits and disadvantages of different teaching methods. 相似文献
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The majority of work on the double-deficit hypothesis (DDH) of dyslexia has been done at the letter and word levels of reading. Key research questions addressed in this study are (a) do readers with different subtypes of dyslexia display differences in fluency at particular reading levels (e.g., letter, word, and connected text)? and (b) do children with dyslexia identified by either low-achievement or ability-achievement discrepancy criteria show similar differences when classified by the DDH? To address these questions, the authors assessed a sample of 158 children with severe reading impairments in second and third grades on an extensive battery and classified them into three reader subtypes using the DDH. The results demonstrated that the three DDH subtypes exhibited differences in fluency at different levels of reading (letter, word, and connected text), underscoring the separate reading profiles of these subtypes and the different possible routes to dysfluency in reading disabilities. Furthermore, the results suggest that the different patterns among DDH subtypes are primarily driven by the ability-achievement discrepancy group. The implications of these findings are discussed for intervention, reading theory, and a more refined understanding of heterogeneity. 相似文献
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Irene Cadime Bruna Rodrigues Sandra Santos Fernanda Leopoldina Viana Séli Chaves-Sousa Maria do Céu Cosme Iolanda Ribeiro 《Reading and writing》2017,30(3):591-611
Empirical research has provided evidence for the simple view of reading across a variety of orthographies, but the role of oral reading fluency in the model is unclear. Moreover, the relative weight of listening comprehension, oral reading fluency and word recognition in reading comprehension seems to vary across orthographies and schooling years. This study aims to examine the direct effects of these three variables on reading comprehension and to test for the existence of indirect effects of word recognition and listening comprehension on reading comprehension via oral reading fluency in European Portuguese, an orthography of intermediate depth. A sample of 264 students was assessed at the end of grades 2 and 4. Structural equation modeling analyses indicated that listening comprehension, word recognition and oral reading fluency predicted reading comprehension in both grade 2 and grade 4. Moreover, the three variables measured in grade 2 predicted later reading comprehension in grade 4. Listening comprehension was always the strongest predictor. Oral reading fluency mediated the relationship between word recognition and reading comprehension, but it was not a mediator variable in the relationship between listening comprehension and reading comprehension. These findings indicate that, similarly to what has been found for other orthographies, the simple view of reading is a valid framework to account for reading comprehension variability in European Portuguese and that interventions to increase reading comprehension levels should focus on word recognition, fluency, and, especially, listening comprehension. 相似文献
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Ellie R. H. van Setten Britt E. Hakvoort Aryan van der Leij Natasha M. Maurits Ben A. M. Maassen 《Annals of dyslexia》2018,68(3):181-202
The present study investigates whether grade 6 reading outcomes, reading fluency, and reading comprehension can be predicted by grade 3 reading fluency, familial risk of dyslexia (FR), and grade 3 reading related skills: rapid automatized naming (RAN), phonological awareness (PA), and vocabulary. In a sample of 150 children, of whom 83 had a parent with dyslexia, correlation and regression analyses were performed. FR, measured on a continuous scale, was by itself related to all outcomes. However, FR did not explain any variance on top of grade 3 reading fluency. Grade 3 reading fluency strongly predicted grade 6 reading fluency and was also related to reading comprehension. RAN improved the prediction of grade 6 reading fluency, though the additional explained variance was small. Vocabulary and PA fully explained the variance that grade 3 reading fluency explained in grade 6 reading comprehension. Vocabulary explained a substantial amount of variance in grade 6 reading comprehension making it an interesting clinical target. As we used continuous measures of reading fluency and FR, our findings are not biased by distinct diagnostic criteria. 相似文献
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Sandra Fernandes Luís Querido Arlette Verhaeghe Catarina Marques Luísa Araújo 《Reading and writing》2017,30(9):1987-2007
This study investigated direct and indirect effects between oral reading fluency, vocabulary and reading comprehension across reading development in European Portuguese. Participants were 329 children attending basic education, from grade 1 to grade 6. The results of path analyses showed that text reading fluency is much more dependent on the foundational skills of word recognition than reading comprehension, and the later, in turn, depends crucially on the specific constituent skill of text reading fluency. Text reading fluency has a significant influence on vocabulary from the beginning, but vocabulary contributed to reading comprehension only in more advanced grades. These results, obtained with an orthography of intermediate depth, are in line with the Simple View of Reading (SVR). However, they also highlight the importance of textual cues—besides the pivotal role of decoding—from the beginning of learning to read, which must be taken into account in the SVR. 相似文献
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Chiara Valeria Marinelli Daniela Traficante Pierluigi Zoccolotti Cristina Burani 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(5):333-349
This study examines the effects of orthographic neighborhood size (N-size) in relationship with word frequency on the reading aloud of children with and without dyslexia whose language has a consistent orthography. Participants included 22 Italian fourth-grade children with dyslexia and 44 age-matched typically developing readers. Children with dyslexia read low-frequency words with high N-size faster than words that had no neighbors; by contrast, typically developing readers showed no N-size effects, irrespective of word frequency. The facilitating effect of N-size on low-frequency word reading in children with dyslexia indicates that they benefit from lexical activation spreading from dense neighborhoods. 相似文献
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《Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties》2013,18(2):181-185
This study facilitates the use of Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) to investigate the effect of short vowels on oral reading fluency (ORF) and silent reading comprehension in Arabic orthography. A total sample of 131 fifth-grade students (89 skilled readers and 42 poor readers) participated in the study. Two kinds of CBM probes were administered: CBM ORF and CBM Maze. Nine texts of each kind were presented in three reading conditions: fully vowelized, partially vowelized and unvowelized. Results indicated that CBM ORF and CBM Maze tests distinguished between skilled and poor readers in all vowelization conditions. In addition, vowels were a good facilitator of oral reading fluency and silent reading comprehension for both types of readers. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed in this study as well. 相似文献