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1.
This study examined associations between bedroom television, media use, and adolescents' health risk behaviors. A sample of 1,017 12- to 14-year-old adolescents completed computer-assisted interviews at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Among White adolescents, having a bedroom television predicted risk-promoting media use practices and significantly greater odds of initiating health risk behaviors—cigarette smoking and sexual intercourse—over 2 years. Although significantly more Black than White adolescents had a bedroom television, bedroom television was unrelated to Black adolescents' media use practices or health risk behaviors. Research is needed to understand ethnic differences in family media use and consequences for adolescent development. 相似文献
2.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):185-211
The current study employed a confirmation perspective to assess individuals’ perceptions of weight management messages. Confirmation was conceptualized as being comprised of two components: acceptance and challenge. Building on the main theoretical premise that messages higher in acceptance and challenge would be perceived as more effective in promoting healthy behaviors than messages lower in these components, we assessed how the relationships between the two components and message effectiveness varied by individuals’ characteristics. Specifically, we examined body self-esteem, readiness to change, weight locus of control, motivations for weight management, and communication satisfaction with weight management conversations as potential moderators. Results indicated that, as hypothesized, messages higher in acceptance and messages higher in challenge were perceived as more effective. In addition, body self-esteem, certain stages of readiness to change, and communication satisfaction interacted with acceptance to predict effectiveness, and internal locus of control and appearance and strength motives interacted with challenge to predict effectiveness. These results, in combination, suggest that although messages high in either component of confirmation were perceived as generally effective in motivating healthy behaviors, optimal levels of acceptance and challenge may vary by certain individual and relational characteristics. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. 相似文献
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Patricia E. Gettings Elizabeth Dorrance Hall Steven R. Wilson Daniel M. Kamal Jill Inderstrodt-Stephens Linda Hughes-Kirchubel 《Communication monographs》2019,86(2):205-228
This online experiment integrates confirmation, politeness, and self-determination theories to examine how Veterans evaluate family members’ messages encouraging them to seek behavioral health care. Veterans (N?=?226) evaluated messages manipulated to express high or low levels of acceptance and autonomy support, completed outcome measures (persuasiveness, relational impact, identity management, emotions), and reported on their own reintegration difficulties. Positive associations were found between perceived message acceptance and three outcomes, and perceived autonomy support and two outcomes. Reintegration difficulties were associated with more negative message perceptions. Perceived acceptance and autonomy support also mediated a number of associations between manipulated message features and outcomes, as well as reintegration difficulties and outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
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This study examined adolescents' and young adults' use of topic avoidance with their mothers, fathers, stepmothers, and stepfathers. The types of topics avoided differed according to the type of parent-child relationship. Specifically, adolescents and young adults engaged in the most topic avoidance with their stepparents (regardless of whether the stepparent was a stepmother or stepfather), followed by their fathers, and then their mothers. Quantitative measures indicated that sex was the most frequently avoided topic across all relationship types. Open-ended responses revealed additional commonly avoided topics, including talking about the other parent/family, deep conversations, and money (e.g., child support payments). The most frequently reported reasons for this avoidance were self protection, relationship protection, and conflict. This research suggests that children in stepfamilies face unique decisions about topic avoidance. Communication Boundary Management Theory (Petronio, 1991) was used to explain how adolescents and young adults might engage in topic avoidance to regulate their personal boundaries, constructing relatively impermeable boundaries with some adults while maintaining looser boundaries with others. Finally, numerous practical suggestions are offered for understanding the balance between openness and closedness in stepfamilies and for promoting healthy stepfamily functioning. 相似文献
6.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):434-458
Using self-report and observational data from parent and mid-adolescent dyads, this study examined the role of confirmation in parent–adolescent relationships regarding adolescents’ openness with their parents. Results from the self-report data suggest a positive link between parental confirmation and adolescent openness. The observational data revealed a more complex picture, particularly highlighting adolescents’ role in parent–adolescent communication as well as in their own openness. Adolescents’ confirmation was positively related to their openness, particularly for females. Sequential analyses further revealed that adolescents reporting less openness exhibited a greater mix of confirming and disconfirming messages towards parents, whereas adolescents reporting more openness exhibited more reciprocation of confirmation. The results suggest theory regarding confirmation in family relationships should incorporate a transactional perspective. 相似文献
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Humor ability,unwillingness to communicate,loneliness, and perceived stress: Testing a security theory 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nathan Miczo 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):209-226
The purpose of this study was to develop and test a theory of the laughter‐humor link in interpersonal communication. The basic premise of the theory is that a sense of security underlies the ability to encode humor in everyday conversation. It was hypothesized that communication‐related security (i.e., willingness to communicate) predicts humor ability, which in turn negatively predicts loneliness and perceived stress. Undergraduates completed a survey including the following scales: Unwillingness‐ to‐Communicate, Humor Orientation, Coping Humor, revised UCLA Loneliness, and Perceived Stress. Regression analyses confirm that willingness to communicate predicted humor orientation, while humor orientation mediated the relationship between willingness to communicate and coping humor. Humor orientation negatively predicted loneliness and perceived stress, although in both cases willingness to communicate mediated the relationships. The discussion highlights methodological limitations (e.g., use of self‐report) and reiterates the need for interaction‐ and context‐based studies of the laughter‐humor relationship. 相似文献
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David M. Keating Jessica C. Russell Jennifer Cornacchione Sandi W. Smith 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(2):160-180
Difficult conversations among family members can impact the health and structure of familial relationships. The reported study investigated potential antecedents and outcomes of difficult family conversations. Perceived consequences of, reasons behind, responses to, and results of difficult conversations were considered, and the family communication patterns (FCP) framework guided the examination. Although the majority of respondents feared negative consequences prior to conversations, most reported positive results. The type of response received from conversational partners was associated with the eventual result. Counter to predictions, data analysis found no relationships among the family communication styles proposed by FCP and the antecedents and outcomes of difficult family conversations. These results suggest that the need for engaging in difficult conversations may outweigh family communicative norms and potential family consequences. Practical implications of the findings, including how therapists or counselors might communicate the benefits of discussing difficult topics generally and of avoiding negative reactions during such conversations, are considered. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):24-45
More and more families include a member who is trans-identified, and therefore, may be called to consider how sex and gender matter to identity and relationships. Previous research shows that for some family members this is not a simple matter. Often, family members experience transition as a living death, wherein the trans-identified person is perceived as somehow present and absent, the same and different, at once. The purposes of this study were to understand what it is about the transition of sex/gender that incites this meaning struggle and how meaning-making is connected to ambiguous loss. Relational Dialectics Theory was used to analyze how family members construct meanings for transition through competing discourses related to sex, gender, and personal identity. Findings suggest that family members' meaning making processes position them to endure, overcome, or avoid the feelings of grief related to transition. 相似文献
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Carolyn M. Anderson Paul R. Raptis Yang Lin Fendrich R. Clark 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(2):115-126
Motives of inclusion, affection, control, pleasure, escape, and relaxation (Rubin, Perse & Barbato, 1988) were investigated as predictors of adolescents' argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness. White and black girls and boys (N = 198) completed the Adolescent Argumentativeness Scale and Adolescent Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (Roberto & Finucane, 1997). One Multiple Regression (stepwise) analysis found that control, inclusion, and affection predicted argumentativeness. A second analysis found that control predicted verbal aggressiveness. Race and sex were not significant in either model. Significantly, a positive relationship was found for argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness for whites and blacks, girls and boys. Suggestions for future research include re‐examination of the verbal aggression scale for adolescent samples. 相似文献
11.
《Library & information science research》1996,18(3):207-223
This article examines how young adolescent girls manage their information seeking when dealing with concerns related to future jobs and future education. The study found that information seeking is influenced by the fact that girls think they are “too young” or it is “too early” for them to get answers to their questions. They are also constrained by their perceptions that adults, such as parents, teachers, and librarians, think it is “not the right time” for information seeking. The findings are compared with those which investigate adolescents' perspectives of the future and the article addresses implications for professional practice. 相似文献
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By high school, many students have dropped out of the pipeline that will lead to science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) occupations. We examine the role of vocational anticipatory socialization (VAS)—the types of messages adolescents receive, message sources, and adolescents' frameworks—on youth's educational and vocational interests. Adolescents (37 focus groups, N = 229) reported that they received two types of VAS messages: personal fulfillment (advising students to prioritize their well-being) and career detail (advising students about specific aspects of an occupation). Adolescents used three career frameworks (enjoyment, ability, and goal) that filtered and often magnified VAS messages and experiences. We extend VAS research by identifying two primary purposes of the career advice embedded in VAS messages and three career frameworks. Practical implication are that parents can affect adolescents' beliefs about their abilities and potential enjoyment of STEM careers by supplementing personal fulfillment messages with career detail messages. Individuals in STEM occupations are in the best position to encourage adolescents by offering career detail, discussing how their career can be rewarding and how math and science classes can influence their career attainment. 相似文献
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《Communication methods and measures》2013,7(2):126-145
Narrative media health messages have proven effective in preventing adolescents' substance use, but few measures exist to assess perceptions of them. Without such a measure it is difficult to evaluate the role these messages play in health promotion or to differentiate them from other message forms. In response to this need, a study was conducted to evaluate the Perception of Narrative Performance Scale that assesses perceptions of narrative health messages. A sample of 1,185 fifth graders in public schools at Phoenix, Arizona, completed a questionnaire rating of two videos presenting narrative substance use prevention messages. Confirmatory factor analyses were computed to identify the factor structure of the scale. Consistent with prior studies, results suggest a three-factor structure for the Perception of Narrative Performance Scale: interest, realism, and identification (with characters). In addition, a path analysis was performed to test the predictive power of the scale. The analysis shows that the scale proves useful in predicting intent to use substances. Finally, practical implications and limitations are discussed. 相似文献
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This report investigated relationships among group members’ personalities, confirming interaction, and democratic decision making. Using the Big Five personality measure and a self‐report measure of confirming interaction, it was hypothesized that confirming interaction would be reported more often in groups whose members are relatively extraverted, agreeable, conscientious, non‐neurotic, and open to experience. Of these personality factors, one had a clear association: Groups with higher mean levels of agreeableness reported higher levels of confirming interaction. In addition, perceived confirming interaction was hypothesized to be positively correlated with members’ perceptions of democratic decision making. This hypothesis was also supported. 相似文献
15.
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of emotional support discrepancy (ESD), or the degree to which people feel their standards for emotional support are met, immediately after a supportive interaction and in the days following the interaction. One hundred thirteen dating couples discussed in the laboratory a topic that was stressful for one of the partners and then completed daily diary logs for seven days. Immediately following the laboratory interaction, a smaller ESD was indirectly associated with more positive affect, less negative affect, and greater relationship satisfaction through cognitive reappraisal. In the days following the laboratory interaction, ESD was not associated with future conversations about either the laboratory stressor or stressors that emerged during the week, but was marginally and positively associated with brooding rumination about the laboratory stressor and positively associated with brooding rumination about the partner's support in general. In addition, both types of rumination were associated with less positive affect, more negative affect, and less relationship satisfaction over the course of the week. 相似文献
16.
Keren Eyal Ph.D. Dale Kunkel Ph.D. Erica N. Biely M.A. Keli L. Finnerty M.A. 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):316-336
This paper examines the portrayal of sexual messages in the top 20 most popular television programs among teenagers in the United States. It compares findings from the 2001–2002 and 2004–2005 seasons. Results show that these programs contained a large number of sexual messages, though their frequency decreased over time. Most messages about sex were in the form of conversations. About 1 in 2 shows included portrayals of sexual behaviors, mostly precursory behaviors. Sexual risk and responsibility concerns were rarely addressed. Most consequences for sexual intercourse portrayed in 2004–2005 were negative, a significant change from 2001–2002. The findings' implications for adolescents' sexual socialization are discussed. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):1-27
This study explores how differences in three communication‐related structures central to organizational work—coordination methods, workplace technologies, and feedback cycles—influence organizational members' experience of eleven dimensions of time—flexibility, linearity, pace, punctuality, delay, scheduling, separation, scarcity, urgency, and present and future time perspectives. Analyses of data from five residential services departments in a West Coast University revealed that differences in coordination method, technology type, and feedback cycle characteristics helped to shape members' experience of ten dimensions of time—flexibility, linearity, pace, punctuality, delay, separation, urgency, scarcity, and future and present time perspectives. As hypothesized, members of work groups whose feedback cycles included an extended task completion interval and high task variability exhibited a greater future‐time perspective than group members whose feedback cycles were characterized by brief intervals and low task variability. 相似文献
18.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):173-250
Two studies tested the assumption that relational contexts affect the way people react to messages that hurt their feelings. In the first, the range of responses people have to hurtful messages was explored, and underlying dimensions reflecting the responses were identified. Participants’ reactions were characterized by three broad dimensions: active verbal responses (e.g., attacking the other, defending the self, asking for an explanation), acquiescent responses (e.g., crying, apologizing), and invulnerable responses (e.g., ignoring the message, laughing). Analyses indicated that people who felt extremely hurt tended to react more often by acquiescing than those who were less hurt. Abo, those who felt the impact of hurt on their relationship was relatively low responded more often with invulnerability than those who felt the impact was high. In the second study, the association between people's reactions to hurt and the quality of their relationship with the person who hurt them was examined, as was the influence of particular types of relationships (e.g., those between family members or romantic partners) on individuab’ responses to hurt. Among other findings, the results suggested that relational satisfaction was positively associated with active verbal responses and negatively correlated both with the degree of experienced hurt and the perceived impact of the hurtful message on the relationship. Further, hurtful messages from family members tended to elicit greater feelings of hurt than those from other people—regardless of the closeness, similarity, amount of contact, or level of satisfaction reported by respondents. By comparison, messages from romantic partners had a greater effect on participants’ relationships than did those from individuab involved in family or non‐family/non‐romantic relationships. 相似文献
19.
This study examines the job satisfaction of library information technology (IT) workers in relation to demographic, socioeconomic, and work-related variables, such as a sense of belonging, faith in wanting to belong, a feeling of acceptance, paying dues, job autonomy, the broker's role, and promotion opportunities. A total of 443 mail surveys were sent to a sample of IT workers at 30 university member libraries of Association of Research Libraries in the United States. A total of 202 surveys were returned, resulting in a 45.6% response rate. This study found that salary, an MLS degree, a sense of belonging, faith in wanting to belong, a feeling of acceptance, job autonomy, and promotion opportunities were related to job satisfaction of the library IT workers. This study provides some explanations as to why some IT workers are more satisfied with their jobs than others, thereby contributing to improving the quality of their work lives. 相似文献
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This article explores the idea that the media encourage audience members to see issues as affecting both themselves and other members of the community—a perception termed second-person effects. The authors argue that second-person perceptions are an integral step toward the formation of active issue publics and significant predictors of a person's willingness to engage in behaviors necessary to resolve an issue. Results also show that second-person effects predominate when predicting intentions to take actions to address an issue. Thus, this supports the proposition that second-person effects are a key component in understanding the formation of active issue publics. 相似文献