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1.
研究型大学对于提高国家的综合国力具有重要的作用。建设研究型大学关键是要有一支高水平的教师队伍。目前,我国研究型大学对教师的评价基本上采用的都是奖惩性的教师评价制度,在实践中,这种制度暴露出了很大的弊端。本文比较了奖惩性教师评价制度和发展性教师评价制度的不同之处;探讨了研究型大学实施发展性教师评价制度的理论基础;提出了我国研究型大学实施发展性教师评价制度的策略。 相似文献
2.
This article describes the results of a second school improvement study directed at schools with mixed‐age classes, and compares the results of this second study with the first study. The second improvement study examines the effects of a staff development programme which introduced selected findings from teaching effectiveness research into ongoing school settings with mixed‐age classes. In addition to the staff development programme the effects of coaching are also evaluated. In contrast to the first improvement study the staff development programme was implemented by teacher educators and school counsellors in the regular educational support context (in‐service teacher education). A quasi‐experimental, treatment‐control group investigation was designed to test the effects of the staff development programme ‘Dealing with mixed‐age classes’, and the effects of coaching. Based on pre‐ and post‐training classroom observations, the second improvement study‐‐like the first one‐‐revealed a significant treatment effect for pupils’ time‐on‐task levels in mixed‐age classrooms, and for teachers’ instructional and classroom management skills. Only two coaching effects were found: for organising effective instruction and for dealing with disturbances. Time‐on‐task levels improved more strongly in classes of coached teachers. In the second improvement study the effects on teacher instructional and classroom management skills, and pupil behaviour are smaller than in the first study. The staff development programme as conducted in regular in‐service settings by teacher educators and school counsellors was less effective than the staff development programme as conducted in an evaluation setting by the designers of the programme. 相似文献
3.
Jon Nixon Peter Cope James McNally Susan Rodrigues Christine Stephen 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(3):243-261
The emphasis on 'partnership' in initial teacher education is a matter not just of organisational structure but of professional practices and purposes. If universities are to remain key players in initial teacher education, they must support the occupational group that represents the sector's interests and values: university-based initial teacher educators. Currently, however, this occupational group is awkwardly positioned between competing sets of accountability demands and institutional requirements. This article argues that only by encouraging and sustaining the professional renewal of university-based initial teacher educators will the university earn itself a continuing place in the evolving story of initial teacher education. That renewal is dependent, in other words, not only on the institutional re-positioning of the university but also on its re-commitment to initial teacher education as a core activity; a re-commitment which, it is argued, must recognise professional learning as a major 'field' of study across professional domains. 相似文献
4.
Orlanda Tavares Cristina Sin Alberto Amaral 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2016,41(7):1049-1064
In Portugal, the agency for assessment and accreditation of higher education has recently included in its remit, beyond programme accreditation, the certification of internal quality assurance systems. This implies lighter touch accreditation and aims to direct institutions towards improvement, in addition to accountability. Twelve institutions have already undertaken the certification, and both self-assessment and external assessment reports are available. Based on the qualitative analysis of the nature of institutional strengths and weaknesses highlighted in these evaluation reports, the paper aims to understand whether the identified strengths and weaknesses are related to procedural and organisational matters or to cultural change (values and beliefs), in turn offering an insight into the quality culture(s) which characterise higher education institutions in Portugal. Findings suggest that the quality culture of the analysed institutions is somewhere between responsive and reactive. Overall, all reports dwell more on the prioritisation of formal and structural procedures, both regarding strengths and weaknesses. External reports point towards more weaknesses related to stakeholders’ participation. Both aspects are more frequent in polytechnics than in universities. These findings suggest that polytechnics are more reactive, whereas universities are more responsive. Therefore, accountability apparently continues to be, for the time being, a more pressing concern than improvement. 相似文献
5.
Fried Keesen Theo Wubbels Jan van Tartwijk 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(2):8-16
Abstract During the last ten years universities in The Netherlands have become less dependent on national policies regarding salary structures, promotion criteria and reward systems. At the same time the government has put increased pressure on universities to take a serious look at the quality of education in general, and at the teaching qualities of the staff in particular. The effects of these policies on staff development at Dutch universities is described. The main focus is on recent initiatives by two universities, Utrecht and Maastricht, to improve the preparation of university teachers. For Utrecht a closer look is taken at the career system, in which the importance of teaching competence is upgraded; at the teacher training programme; and at the role of portfolios and assessment in the programme. The implications are discussed. 相似文献
6.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》2006,22(4):395-407
This conceptual paper examines a tug-of-war between state and national authorities in the United States for control of teacher recruitment, preparation, licensing, and professional development policy-making. A discussion of policy problems and instruments grounds analysis of each governing body's policy-activity since 1980. The analysis reveals how policy instrument changes have sidelined teacher education professionals and shifted programme accountability from the state to national level. Conclusions and recommendations challenge teacher education researchers to alter the current accountability trajectory by becoming active participants in the United States policy-making arena. 相似文献
7.
根据我国高校师资建设典型范式,在对其结构框架进行分析的基础上,通过改革师资管理机构设置、拓宽教师的进修渠道和建立健全教师流动的科学机制等三个方面,探讨高校师资建设典型范式发展的科学机制。期望在教育改革逐步深入的时代背景下,对我国高校师资队伍建设的发展提供有益参考和借鉴。 相似文献
8.
Change,Changing, and Being Changed: A study of self in the throes of multiple accountability demands
《Studying Teacher Education》2013,9(1):63-73
Using the narrative inquiry research method, this self-study of my teacher education practices examines the influence of four simultaneous accountability reviews – a national accreditation review, a regional accreditation review, a university system review, and local campus review – on my personal experiences and identity within academia. The inquiry offers a public view of private practice, explores the hidden curriculum of the accountability phenomenon, reveals cover stories individually and collectively lived, and illuminates how my knowledge of accountability increased. Drawing on evidence excerpted from journal entries, work samples, historical documents and meeting notes, I reconstruct a series of changes concerning human subjects reviews, course syllabi requirements, student assignments, grading procedures and personal productivity. The self inquiry reveals individual and institutional compromises that were made to achieve acceptable measures of success as determined by external agencies. Most of all, hard lessons learned amid multiple accountability agendas are brought to the forefront for discussion and analysis. The accumulation of self-studies such as this helps to show the nature of the accountability phenomenon and its pernicious impact on teacher educators' work and personal images of teaching. Such studies demonstrate how desperately productive change is needed in the fields of teaching and teacher education. 相似文献
9.
中小学教育科研是学校教育教学改革的有效支撑。基础教育改革进行到目前阶段已处于深水区．教育科研与教学实践、教育质量、教师队伍提升等诸方面问题呈胶着复杂状态。解放教师的头、手、脚、嘴、时空,鼓励锐意进取、大胆创新是教育科研突围的必由之道。 相似文献
10.
To support prospective teachers’ professional development, teacher education should be characterised by conditions that help to prevent burnout and facilitate satisfaction. This study investigates predictors of burnout and satisfaction in teacher education by drawing on universities with different teacher education programme structures and assumed different learning conditions. Programme structure and student characteristics were conceived as antecedents of perceived learning conditions; burnout dimensions and student satisfaction were hypothesised to be consequences of both the distal and more proximal variables. Data were collected at four time points from N = 3,892 students enrolled in teacher education at 13 universities. Structural equation modelling revealed favourable effects of autonomy support, competence support, and social relatedness on the core burnout dimensions and satisfaction. Effects of programme structure on these outcomes were small and mediated by autonomy support and difficulty of demands. Study self-efficacy emerged as a broad personal resource. Implications for teacher education are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Burnout and teacher self-efficacy among teachers working in special education institutions in Turkey
The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between teacher self-efficacy and burnout among special education school teachers in Turkey. One hundred and eighteen teachers completed the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Teachers belonged to the psychological counselling and guidance programme, primary education, special education programme, programme in education of students with mental impairment, programme in education of students with hearing impairment, programme in education of students with visual impairment, music education and art education. Findings showed that there were significant relationships between teacher self-efficacy and burnout. Also, significant differences were found between genders and branches in terms of burnout and teacher self-efficacy. Indices of structural equation modelling indicated that domains of burnout were strongly predicted by self-efficacy. Findings highlight the importance of self-efficacy beliefs in special education staff’s level of emotional involvement, sense of accomplishment and engagement. 相似文献
12.
This paper analyses accountability and partnership in Initial Teacher Education for the primary school sector in Northern Ireland. In considering teacher education, the paper focuses on three higher education institutions: Stranmillis University College, St Mary's University College and the University of Ulster. Of the three institutions, the Roman Catholic Church maintains St Mary's University College while the other institutions have no religious affiliations. The paper focuses on the reform of teacher education within the British Isles and sets Northern Ireland into a context of a system of teacher education which has developed new patterns of accountability. Three sources of evidence are used to analyse accountability; firstly the perception of schools that are partners in Initial Teacher Education; secondly, the views of the Education and Training Inspectorate who are responsible for accrediting teacher education in Northern Ireland; and thirdly, the views of the three university schools of education. The paper will demonstrate how teacher education in Northern Ireland is simultaneously similar to, and different from, teacher education in the rest of the developed world. It will illuminate the dimensions of accountability in the primary school sector and show how in Northern Ireland this is heavily segregated by religious denomination. 相似文献
13.
教育部出台的师范专业认证实施办法引起高校的普遍关注,然而师范专业认证在具体实施方法、标准、程序中还存在许多问题。我国工程教育专业认证经过数十年发展,已形成具有中国特色专业认证体系,实现专业人才培养质量的国际实质等效性。文章通过比较分析师范专业与工程教育专业在认证主体、政策、程序、指标与标准方面的异同点,结合师范专业认证的不足,从认证主体机构性质、三级认证体系完善、认证工作基础强化、认证标准多方覆盖等方面,为我国师范专业认证体系发展完善提出建议。 相似文献
14.
职业自我管理、国家控制抑或其它--试论英国教师教育的改革措施 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在英国,自上个世纪中后期以来,教师教育渐趋成为“官方规定设计领域”,教师教育界日渐丧失职业自主性。本文通过深入论述英国教师教育政策发展,得出结论:专业自我管理和国家控制两种模式都存在着不足。并基于此提出建议:停止有关教师职业专业化的讨论,着手联合所有合法社会力量构建“民主化的教师职业”。而在这一社会性变革过程中,教师以及教师教育者需要成为“变化的推动力”,高校、特别是跨学科的综合性大学更适合探索并传播一个新型的、符合公正社会要求的教师职业基本能力体系。 相似文献
15.
美国大学与中小学基于合作伙伴的教师教育改革 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
谌启标 《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2009,(3)
美国大学与中小学合作具有悠久的历史.美国大学与中小学基于合作伙伴的教师教育强调职前教师培养和在职教师的专业发展.合作伙伴的教师教育实践模式包括:西维吉尼亚大学的专业发展学校、南缅因州大学的学区合作伙伴、加利福尼亚大学的农村区域伙伴、马里兰州大学的教学合作伙伴.为了达成高水平的教师质量,美国不断探讨大学与中小学合作伙伴的影响因素,确保合作的有效性. 相似文献
16.
调查显示,我国现阶段教师教育专业的招生和就业出现了一系列新的情况和问题:教师教育专业对高中毕业生有较大的吸引力,但优秀学生报考的积极性不高;有志于教育事业的师范毕业生较多,但愿意去农村中小学的很少;与此相关的是,中小学教师队伍建设成绩显著,但问题依然突出。要加强我国的教师教育,国家有必要强化激励机制、加强政策引导,设立国家教师教育专业奖学金,实行师范毕业生农村就业优惠政策,确保教师基本待遇、努力提高教师质量。 相似文献
17.
地方高师院校服务新农村基础教育师资建设探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
十七大报告强调要“加强教师队伍建设,重点提高农村教师素质”,这一点抓住了制约当前农村基础教育发展最薄弱的环节,提高农村教师素质,比以往任何时候都重要。农村教师是农村教育改革与发展的基本力量．建设好一支高素质的农村教师队伍。直接关系到农村教育质量和水平的提高。加强农村教师队伍建设．需要地方高师院校的积极参与与配合。地方高师院校应当认清形势,更新教育观念,牢固树立为农村教育服务的思想,抓住机遇、深化改革,为农村教育事业的发展、为社会主义新农村建设和社会主义和谐社会的构建承担起更多的责任,做出更大的贡献。 相似文献
18.
师资队伍是高校办学的重要基础,也是核心竞争力的重要体现。通过分析美国高校在师资队伍建设中非常重视教师选聘程序化、薪酬体系完整化、考核方式多样化及青年教师培养等,指出这些经验对我国有着启示作用。阐述了我国高校师资队伍建设应遵循高等教育和教师成长发展规律,坚持目标导向,借鉴国际先进经验,在教师选聘标准和程序、构建科学合理的薪酬分配体系、建立激励与约束相结合的考核评价机制、建立完善的教师培养体系、营造良好的教师发展氛围等方面应深化改革。 相似文献
19.
近十多年来,我国特殊教育师资培养取得了一定进步,体现为相关政策法规的逐步完善,开设特殊教育专业的高校逐年增多,社会各界日益重视等方面。但高层次、高素质的特殊教育师资仍然紧缺。需要相关高校从理念渗透、完善人才培养方案、构建实践创新平台、出台激励措施等方面加以改革。以提升特殊教育的区域影响力。 相似文献
20.
Marilyn Cochran-Smith Megina Baker Stephani Burton Wen-Chia Chang Molly Cummings Carney M. Beatriz Fernández 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2017,40(5):572-588
AbstractIn keeping with the theme of the 40th anniversary issue of EJTE, this article looks back and forward at US teacher education accountability. It argues that “holding teacher education accountable” has been the major approach to reforming teacher education in the US for the last two decades, assuming that enhanced teacher education quality depends on vigilant public evaluation and monitoring of outcomes related to teacher education institutions, programs, and teacher candidates. This article looks back at the “era of accountability” by examining five policy, political, and professional developments that contributed to its emergence and strong hold on US teacher education. Looking forward to the future of teacher education accountability in the US, the article argues that we need a new approach – democratic accountability in teacher education – which is based on intelligent professional responsibility for students’ learning including democratic knowledge and skills, strong equity, and genuine collaboration with multiple stakeholders. 相似文献