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我国高职教育成本分担现状不容乐观,现行教育成本偏低,不能满足人才培养的基本需要,其教育成本分担比例不尽合理。通过对高职教育经费投入情况、教育经费弹性系数、个人负担率及居民家庭对高职教育的支付能力等多角度的数据分析,表明学生个人及家庭分担比例过高,负担较重,企业及其他社会力量对高职教育成本的分担比例极低,政府的财政投入也有待提高。我国高职在校生主要来自于农村及城市低收入家庭,教育经费的个人负担率较高,支付能力不足。国家应加大财政投入、强化企业的教育成本分担责任、合理确定学费标准及学费资助政策,建立政府主导的以学生个人及家庭、企业等其他社会力量为重要主体的高职教育成本分担机制,以实现公平的高职教育。 相似文献
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论高等教育发展多元化的教育投入体制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
谢彦红 《陕西师范大学继续教育学报》2003,20(4)
随着高等教育的迅速发展,教育经费需求不断增大.本文依照"成本分担"理论,主要从政府、家庭、学校三个成本分担者入手,探讨如何建立多元化的教育投入体制,从而保证高等教育稳步发展. 相似文献
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谢彦红 《陕西师范大学继续教育学报》2003,20(4):47-49
随着高等教育的迅速发展，教育经费需求不断增大。本文依照“成本分担”理论，主要从政府、家庭、学校三个成本分担者入手．探讨如何建立多元化的教育投入体制．从而保证高等教育稳步发展。 相似文献
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杜家龙 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2008,12(6):16-20
高职教育成本就是高职院校、高职学生及其家庭在高职教育过程中所支付的全部费用,是高职院校在校学生学习期间所消耗的活劳动和物化劳动的总和。根据“谁受益,谁分担”原则,该成本的分担对象是国家、地方政府、用人单位、学生及其家庭。各方应分担比率,根据调查资料所反映的实际情况和国际普遍分担水平,建议定为国家40％,地方政府28％,用人单位17％,学生及其家庭15％。具体分担按年度实施,即主管部门按年度确定成本总额,国家和地方政府用财政拨款分担;学生通过学费分担;用人单位则先通过纳税形式归集,再由国家财政向高职院校转移支付。 相似文献
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依据教育成本分担理论,接受高等职业教育者必须支付一定的学习费用。一些原先实行免费高等教育的国家,开始依据教育成本分担理论进行收费制度的改革。在全球职业教育面临经费短缺的背景下,收缴学费成为当今世界一些国家筹措高等职业教育经费的重要手段。一些实行职业教育收缴学费政策的国家对于贫困学生则采取重点资助的特殊措施。 相似文献
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为了解各地学前教育成本分担的情况,国家社科基金“学前教育成本分担研究”课题组对《中国教育经费统计年鉴》的相关数据进行梳理,通过计算得到各省政府与家庭的分担比例.其计算方法为:政府分担比例=幼儿园预算内教育经费/学前教育经费总支出,家长分担比例=实际收取的学杂费/学前教育总支出. 相似文献
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一、教育成本与教育成效的内涵(一)教育成本1.教育成本的概念所谓教育成本,就是教育活动所耗费的资源总和,即指学生在学校接受教育期间,所支付的直接与间接的教育费用,甚至包含精神层面的投入。值得注意的是,教育成本与教育经费并不完全相同。教育经费一般是指国家、政府或社会所支付的教育事业费用和教育基本建设投资。这是教育成本的主要构成部分,但 相似文献
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我国城镇居民家庭义务教育支出差异性研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
本文采用国家统计局“城市住户基本情况的调查”数据对城镇居民家庭义务教育负担状况进行了实证研究，结论表明：有在校生的城镇家庭是一类经济状况处于相对弱势的群体；城镇居民家庭的义务教育负担随着家庭收入的上升而下降，且低收入阶层家庭的教育负担远高于高收入阶层家庭的教育负担；在校生的教育层级越高．家庭教育负担程度越高；在影响我国城镇居民家庭义务教育负担总量和结构的诸多因素中，家庭收入、子女受教育的层级、父母的行业和职业等变量具有显著性影响。为了促进义务教育乃至整个教育的公平，政府应该为义务教育提供更充分的财政支持。并切实完善和实施义务教育资助制度。 相似文献
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农村义务教育经费"挤出效应"研究 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
确保农村义务教育经费需要是农村税费改革的一个主要目标。目前，各地主要通过上级财政转移支付来确保农村义务教育经费。本文对109个农业县(市)农村税费改革前后教育经费和县级财政统计数据进行实证研究发现，县级财政获得上级转移支付大幅增加的同时，教育经费占全县财政支出的比例反而下降了，农村义务教育经费出现“挤出效应”。进一步的研究表明，造成这种“挤出效应”的主要原因就是农村税费改革政策。由于农村税费改革并没有给予地方政府足够的激励，造成了地方政府不完全执行政策，从而出现了“挤出效应”。 相似文献
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In the last two decades, China's education has experienced significant transformations and restructuring on account of privatization and marketization. Unlike the Mao era when the state assumed the major responsibilities in financing and providing education, individuals and families have now to bear increasing financial burdens in paying for education. The marketization and privatization of education has undoubtedly intensified educational inequalities and widened regional disparities between the economically developed areas in the eastern coast and the less economically developed areas in the middle and north-western parts of the country. The growing inequalities in education and the increasing financial burdens presented by education have been a source of social discontentment, which have in turn prompted the central government to revisit its approaches to educational development. This article sets out to examine, how in this wider policy context, China's education has been transformed following the adoption of more pro-competition and market-oriented reform measures. This article is based on intensive secondary data analysis, fieldwork observations, and findings from a household survey conducted in eight different Chinese cities about people's perceived education hardship. The article concludes by considering how the Chinese government has attempted to address the problems of educational inequalities that have intensified on account of two decades of education marketization. 相似文献
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公共教育的个人支出状况及其家庭负担是公共教育发展指标体系中的重要内容。从义务教育阶段看,家庭在教育上的负担存在城市和县乡村间的地区差异,家庭收入／支出状况、就读教育阶段也会影响家庭负担情况。总体上,城市和县乡村家庭在义务教育阶段的负担均主要来自于校外支出部分,就读的教育阶段越高则教育负担越重。教育负担率从整体上呈现随收入增加而下降的趋势,其中城市地区在家庭教育支出负担量及负担率上均普遍高于县乡村地区。 相似文献
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Shifting The Burden: Public and Private Financing of Higher Education in the United States and Implications for Europe 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Over the last two decades, there has been a significant change in the financing of higher education in the United States.
A decrease in student and institutional support in real terms, tuition increases at all types of institutions, along with
the view that students are the primary beneficiaries of higher education has resulted in policies that reduce the proportion
of higher education costs borne by the federal and state governments. This paper will describe this financing shift in the
United States, and analyse its impact on college participation with a particular focus on equity and opportunity. It will
also provide an analysis of some questions that European countries should address as they implement their own policies that
shift the burden of paying for college from the government to individuals, and as they consider various forms of financial
assistance to help students pay for college. 相似文献
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Does policy matter in shadow education spending? Revisiting the effects of the high school equalization policy in South Korea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Soo-yong Byun 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2010,11(1):83-96
In 1972, the South Korean government proposed the high school equalization policy (HSEP) to eliminate high-stakes exams and
introduce random school assignment to high school entrance. This policy was intended to reduce a financial burden imposed
on families due to the costs of children’s shadow education. Since its first implementation in major cities in 1974, the HSEP
has been increasingly expanded to many regions across South Korea. Yet little known is about whether the HSEP has achieved
its policy goal in terms of decreasing the demand for shadow education. Using data from a longitudinal survey of a nationally
representative sample of South Korean seventh graders, this study assesses the extent to which the HSEP makes a difference
in changes in household expenditures on shadow education during the middle school (grades 7–9). Propensity score matching
methods are used to remove selection bias and test the heterogeneity of the effects of the HSEP. Results show small effects
for the HSEP in reducing the financial burden of shadow education spending on families, particularly for lower income families.
The findings suggest that the government intervention by reducing disparities among schools and competition for entering a
particular school makes a difference in shadow education spending. 相似文献
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Burton R. Clark 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(2):91-99
Abstract Over the last two decades, there has been a significant change in the financing of higher education in the United States. A decrease in student and institutional support in real terms, tuition increases at all types of institutions, along with the view that students are the primary beneficiaries of higher education has resulted in policies that reduce the proportion of higher education costs borne by the federal and state governments. This paper will describe this financing shift in the United States, and analyse its impact on college participation with a particular focus on equity and opportunity. It will also provide an analysis of some questions that European countries should address as they implement their own policies that shift the burden of paying for college from the government to individuals, and as they consider various forms of financial assistance to help students pay for college. 相似文献
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栗玉香 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2005,7(3):63-69
政府教育财政资源配置理念是政府在财政资源配置过程中对教育价值取向的反映,同时也是对教育内部不同层次教育价值取向的反映。建国后,我国政府教育财政资源配置理念沿着财政的公共性和教育的公共性的不断实现,政府教育财政资源配置逐步从“缺位”、“错位”到“归位”的内在逻辑,经历了从“先经济后教育”到“像抓经济工作那样抓教育”、从教育“优先发展”到教育“重中之重”的多次变迁。通迁政府教育财政资源配置理念变迁的内在逻辑及历程的分析,基本可以勾画出我国公共教育财政制度形成的轨迹。 相似文献
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在家政专业学历教育中,开展多种形式的跨区域互动合作,与家政行业企业加强合作与交流,实行订单培养,是促进家政专业发展的重要保障;学校在开设家政学历教育专业的基础上,开展以社区为依托的家政教育与职业培训,是推动高职家政专业发展的重要举措。 相似文献
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This paper seeks to draw attention to two important, but less researched, areas regarding low fee private school provision in India. Firstly, the paper evaluates the impact of fees on household debt burden and decision-making, and secondly highlights the dynamic interplay between the private and government sub-sectors and the potential consequences this may have for educational delivery. The paper attempts to provide an overview of the historic growth, extent and performance of low fee private schools and private tutoring. Consistent with others, the paper finds that private provision is not currently accessible to the poorest and thus potentially deleterious to equity both within schools and within families. While drawing on existing research and particularly the longitudinal Young Lives data sets in Andhra Pradesh – findings are largely exploratory. The paper concludes that there is a need for further research on both household and school effects related to increasing privatisation in education. In particular there is a focus on how emerging inequalities emanating from school choice and private tuitions can be addressed. This is urgently needed to inform policy and investment decisions that maximise the contribution of both sectors and mitigate against inequality. 相似文献