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体操运动员运动损伤的原因分析与预防对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过分析我国体操运动员运动损伤的部分原因,结合当前体操运动员早期训练中导致运动损伤存在问题的调查和分析,提出了一些预防运动损伤的对策. 相似文献
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武术套路运动员在日常训练和比赛中,由于准备活动不充分、技术动作不正确等各种原因经常导致运动损伤的发生,严重影响运动员的训练效果和比赛成绩.通过访谈法和文献资料调查法对武术套路运动员常见运动损伤进行分析并提出相应预防措施,意在减少运动损伤发生,可为教练员和运动员日常训练提供参考,促进武术套路运动员的技术水平的不断进步与发展. 相似文献
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优秀乒乓球运动员运动损伤的调查分析及对策研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文通过对乒乓球运动员运动损伤的调查,研究了乒乓球运动员的患病率及损伤特点,分析损伤原因,提出了相应的对策,以便在今后的乒乓球训练和比赛中,预防和减少乒乓球运动员运动损伤的发生。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,对新疆射箭队部分运动员进行运动损伤调查,掌握射箭训练中运动损伤发生的一般特点,旨在为射箭运动员能够正常训练及减少运动损伤的发生提供理论依据。 相似文献
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阿力木江·依米提·塔尔肯 《精武》2012,(1):9-10
本文使用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、现场调查法、数理统计法等方法,调查了阿克苏地区青少年排球运动员的运动损伤情况,通过分析回收问卷,研究发现不同等级运动员的损伤发生率具有显著性差异;排球运动员的运动损伤在病程上多属于急性损伤,损伤的轻重程度上多属于轻度损伤和中度损伤;运动员损伤主要发生在比赛和技术训练时期,身体训练时期运动损伤的发生率相对较少;运动损伤以软组织挫裂伤、关节韧带损伤、肌肉损伤为主等特点。分析了排球运动员的致伤因素为潜在因素和直接因素两大部分。探讨了运动员的预防对策。 相似文献
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通过对浙江等5支帆船运动队共112名运动员运动损伤流行病学调查,初步了解了帆船运动损伤规律,调查结果显示:帆船运动损伤发病率列前5位的运动损伤依次为腰肌劳损、膝关节骨关节病、颈椎病、腕部软组织挫伤、踝部皮肤擦伤。损伤原因主要有训练水平不足,训练缺乏科学性,运动员心理、生理状态不良和场地、器材、服装、保护用具及不良气候等。针对目前帆船运动损伤发生的原因和运动员在预防运动损伤方面存在的主要问题,分析了帆船运动员损伤预防中应该注意加强的措施。 相似文献
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对部分青少年运动员运动损伤原因进行调查,总结其共性,提出预防措施,以期为教练员和运动员在今后的训练和比赛中预防和减少运动损伤的发生提供参考。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法以山东省现役400米运动员为调查对象,以山东省现役400米运动员的运动损伤为研究对象,对运动员的运动损伤情况进行了调查和分析。结果表明:山东省现役400米运动员运动损伤率高,受伤部位集中在大腿和腰部,损伤的类型形式大多为急性损伤的肌肉拉伤和慢性损伤的肌肉劳损。促进策略为加强思想教育,提高相关知识储备,合理安排训练,加强监控和及时采取积极措施,预防和避免运动员运动损伤的发生。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。 相似文献