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中国成年人锻炼行为的影响因素——HAPA与TPB两个理论模型的整合 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
久坐和缺乏体力活动的生活方式已经成为世界公认的公共卫生和社会问题.有规律的积极的体力活动对于人们身心健康的益处已经得到大量实验研究的证实,但是人们却停留在知之不行的行为阶段.采用理论综述的方法对现有的锻炼行为理论模型进行分析.通过对连续模型TPB与阶段模型HAPA理论进行整合,以建立一个既能够包括宏观环境与微观心理因素,且又能够对锻炼行为进行解释、预测及干预的理论模型.理论整合主要体现在两个理论模型对行为意向变量的预测上及纳入影响锻炼行为的社会因素,即将在对TPB及其相关的研究中已经证实对行为意向有价值的预测变量如态度、主观规范与社会支持等变量整合到HAPA理论中去.进一步的研究需要对这个整合模型的结构及阶段划分的假设进行验证,并应用其对成年人群的锻炼行为进行干预. 相似文献
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朱敬熹 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(4):185-188
计划行为理论(TPB)是Ajzen(1991)在合理行为理论(TRA)的基础上提出的,该理论是目前解释和预测体力活动和锻炼行为最成功的理论模型之一。该理论认为锻炼的行为意向将会给个体锻炼行为带来最大程度的干扰,而其自身是态度、主观规范和行为控制感三个要素综合作用的结果。但前人研究表明,该理论对于意向和行为的解释力不高,并且存在"意向-行为鸿沟"(intention-behaviour gap)。本文介绍了计划行为理论(TPB)的形成过程、研究现状,并重点分析了TPB理论模型对意向和行为解释力不高的原因,以及近年来国内外学者对该理论的深化研究。 相似文献
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在改进计划行为理论(TPB)基础上,引入人口特征和雪上运动文化变量,构建了滑雪消费行为意向结构方程模型,以崇礼地区为例检验影响我国大众滑雪消费行为意向的主要因素。结果表明:行为态度、感知行为控制、雪上运动文化会对滑雪消费行为意向产生显著的正向影响,主观规范会通过行为态度间接影响行为意向。行为态度在雪上运动文化与消费行为意向之间起到部分中介作用。因此应发挥冬奥会社会效益,加强滑雪知识普及,积极宣传雪上运动文化,降低滑雪运动门槛,促进需求侧消费升级,从而推动滑雪产业可持续发展。 相似文献
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探讨影响大学生参与休闲体育行为意向的因素,采用问卷调研法对354名大学生进行测量,将影响大学生参与休闲体育的因素,运用计划行为理论与线性结构方程式统计分析,找出影响大学生参与休闲体育行为意向构面的影响力度。实证结果:态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制对行为意向有直接的显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育行为意向的0.37;情感性信念和工具性信念对态度有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育态度的0.22;主体群和次体群对主观规范有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育主观规范的0.35;便利条件和自我能力对知觉行为控制有显著影响,可以解释其参与休闲体育知觉行为控制的0.68。研究提出了提高大学生参与休闲体育的行为意向策略。 相似文献
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本研究基于健康心理学研究领域内的"健康行为过程理论"(Health Action Process Approach;HAPA),针对大学生的体育锻炼意向,进行了纵向准实验的心理学干预研究.研究被试为武汉某高校18名本科二年级学生.研究开始前所有被试均处于体育锻炼的决定前阶段.将被试随机分为两组:干预组和控制组.对干预组进行为期一周的旨在促进体育锻炼意向的心理干预.分别在四个测量时间点测量所有被试的锻炼意向变量和锻炼计划变量,对数据进行重复测量的方差和协方差分析.研究结果表明,干预组与控制组在锻炼意向的变化上没有显著性差异.然而通过比较效果量的大小,干预组表现出在锻炼意向变化上的优势.在锻炼计划的变化上,干预组和控制组没有显著性差异.本研究结果部分支持了针对决定前阶段个体,阶段匹配干预对锻炼意向的促进作用,为今后更加有效地促进个体形成参与体育锻炼的心理和行为作出了有益的探索. 相似文献
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德国学者SCHWAZER于1992年提出了健康行动过程取向理论（HAPA）,该理论同时具有阶段性和连续性的特点,并将锻炼行为分为无意向阶段、意向阶段和行动阶段。在无意向阶段,个体并没有要决定参加体育锻炼;在意向阶段,个体形成了参与身体锻炼的意向,但仍旧处于无运动或运动不足的状态;在行动阶段,个体进行充分的身体锻炼。前人研究已经证实,该模型可以对成年人锻炼行为进行有效预测和干预,但前人研究使用的阶段量表大多直接取材于TTM的5阶段测量方法,并不适合健康行动过程取向理论的3阶段模型。为了准确地测量个体所在的阶段,更好地检验HAPA模型的结构,进一步提高模型的解释力和预测力,促进青少年锻炼行为的提高,以辽宁和湖南部分中学生为被试,编制了青少年锻炼阶段量表。结果表明：（1）青少年锻炼行为可以分为无意向阶段、意向阶段和行动阶段;（2）使用锻炼阶段量表可以进行3个阶段的划分;（3）青少年锻炼阶段量表具有较高的信度和效度,是测量青少年锻炼阶段的有效工具。 相似文献
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全球儿童青少年的肥胖发病率逐年增高,身体活动不足,每天参加足够量的身体活动是促进其身心健康发展的基本保障。我国儿童青少年面对繁重的学业和大量的家庭作业,课外体育活动参与的时间大大减少,体育课成为了唯一能促使学生参与中等到大强度身体活动的场所。通过SOFIT工具对上海市黄浦区5所小学的217节体育课的学生身体活动水平和教师教学行为进行了观测,分析发现:上海市小学生体育课中的身体活动水平偏低,能够达到50%以上时间进行中等到大强度身体活动(MVPA)的课时比率非常少。教师用于课堂管理和知识讲解的时间过多,且对促进学生进行MVPA的语言干预不够,这些均影响了学生的课内身体活动水平。建议除对学生的活动时间高度重视外,还应该重视学生课内身体活动强度;体育教师应做到“精讲多练”,推动学生积极的参与体育活动;注重开发优质的体育课程。 相似文献
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以计划行为理论为基本框架，采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理分析法等，解释移动干预技术下大学生体育锻炼行为的态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制以及行为意向，研究各变量之间的关系，探析移动干预技术对锻炼行为的影响路径。研究认为：(1)计划行为理论模型对锻炼行为的解释具有局限性。大学生体育锻炼态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制均与行为意向存在明显的同向变动关系，并且态度和行为控制感仍是预测大学生体育锻炼行为的较强因素，但是主观规范不能预测体育锻炼行为。(2)使用移动干预技术干预大学生体育锻炼行为具有积极的实践意义。体育锻炼行为意向作为中介变量，移动干预技术直接影响大学生的锻炼意向，并间接影响学生的锻炼行为。移动干预技术对大学生体育锻炼行为具有正向影响，为了使大学生形成体育锻炼习惯，建议将课外体育锻炼移动干预技术规范化，制定恰当的监督制度，纳入高校学生管理制度体系中。 相似文献
9.
合理行为、计划行为与社会认知理论预测身体锻炼行为的比较研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
李京诚 《天津体育学院学报》1999,14(2):34-36
运用合理行为理论、计划行为理论和社会认知理论,预测北京市两所高校的１９９名大学本科学生４周的身体锻炼行为,通过比较研究,探讨个体锻炼参与行为的内部心理机制。结果表明,合理行为理论的态度维度能够对锻炼行为意向产生显著性的影响;计划行为理论提出的行为控制感显著地提高了对锻炼意向的预测水平;社会认知理论对锻炼行为的预测达到了显著性的水平,其中自我效能感和行为自我评价为预测作出了显著的贡献。 相似文献
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This study aimed to use an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB), which incorporated additional self-efficacy and past behaviour, to predict the intention to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the MVPA level of Chinese adolescents. Questionnaires that focused on MVPA, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control (PBC), self-efficacy and past behaviour related to the MVPA engagement were administered to a sample of 488 young people. Multiple regression analyses provided moderate support for TPB. Three TPB constructs predicted 28.7% of the variance in intentions to engage in MVPA, and that PBC, but not intention, explained 3.4% of the variance in MVPA. Self-efficacy significantly affected intention and behaviour over and above the influence of TPB. Past behaviour had a small but significant improvement in the prediction of intention, but no improvement in the prediction of MVPA. Based on the results, interventions should target adolescent self-efficacy and PBC in physical activity participation. 相似文献
12.
Ethnicity as a Moderator of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Physical Activity in College Students
Chris M. Blanchard Janet Kupperman Phil Sparling Eric Nehl Ryan E. Rhodes Kerry S. Courneya 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(5):531-541
Most college students do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, and ethnic disparities exist. The present study examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining PA intentions and behavior in black and white college students and whether any TPB relationships were moderated by ethnicity. Black (n = 170) and white (n = 180) students completed a baseline TPB questionnaire and PA assessment 2 weeks later. Hierarchical latent variable regression analyses showed that affective attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention for both ethnic groups, whereas the PBC-intention relationship was significantly stronger for white students. Intention significantly predicted PA for both ethnic groups. Furthermore, common and ethnic-specific beliefs were identified. 相似文献
13.
方敏 《武汉体育学院学报》2011,45(4):52-56
683名中学生完成了行动计划问卷、计划行为理论问卷和自编锻炼行为问卷的测试。分析发现:行动计划在锻炼意图和锻炼行为之间起完全中介作用;行为控制感直接影响行动计划,且影响意图对行动计划和锻炼行为的预测力;整合的TPB模型可显著提高锻炼行为的解释力。该研究表明,行动计划是衔接TPB构念与锻炼行为的重要后动机变量,建议未来应以整合模型进行实验干预研究。 相似文献
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Ethnicity as a moderator of the theory of planned behavior and physical activity in college students
Blanchard CM Kupperman J Sparling P Nehl E Rhodes RE Courneya KS Baker F Hunt T 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2007,78(5):531-541
Most college students do not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, and ethnic disparities exist. The present study examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining PA intentions and behavior in black and white college students and whether any TPB relationships were moderated by ethnicity. Black (n=170) and white (n=180) students completed a baseline TPB questionnaire and PA assessment 2 weeks later Hierarchical latent variable regression analyses showed that affective attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention for both ethnic groups, whereas the PBC-intention relationship was significantly stronger for white students. Intention significantly predicted PA for both ethnic groups. Furthermore, common and ethnic-specific beliefs were identified. 相似文献
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以毛荣建（2003）所提出假设（在TPB理论基础上做出改进,将行为习惯、目标态度、情感体验3个变量融入了计划行为理论模型中,用来测量青少年体育锻炼态度。）为研究理论依托,进一步验证体育锻炼态度及其影响因素与体育锻炼行为之间的关系,通过《锻炼态度》与《体育锻炼行为》问卷对在校大学生分层随机调查,运用方差分析、相关分析、回归分析与路径分析等方法分析数据,结果表明：锻炼者与非锻炼者在体育锻炼态度各维度上呈现显著性差异;性别因素不能影响锻炼人群在体育锻炼态度的各项维度得分的差异性的结果,非锻炼人群也是如此;体育锻炼活动中,决定行为意向的关键变量因素是态度;具有高情感体验、或高认知的大学生,并不一定是锻炼者。路径分析说明,行为习惯、情感体验、行为认知、目标态度、主观标准一方面通过行为态度间接作用体育行为,另一方面,行为习惯、目标态度、主观标准对体育行为还具有直接的预测作用。 相似文献
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Richard W. Christiana Marsha Davis Mark G. Wilson Frances A. McCarty Gary T. Green 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):509-518
Purpose: Young adolescents who have little interest in participating in competitive team sports are at an increased risk for physical inactivity. Noncompetitive outdoor physical activity can provide young adolescents with increased opportunities to participate in physical activities that appeal to them and have positive health effects. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to rural young adolescents' participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity to inform intervention design. Method: Young adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old (N = 1,032) from 1 rural county completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing constructs from self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) related to noncompetitive outdoor physical activity. Structural equation modeling was used to examine an integrated conceptual model of hypothesized relationships among constructs. Results: The hypothesized conceptual model provided a good fit to the data with greater perceptions of autonomy support and self-determined motivation having statistically significant positive indirect effects on participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity mediated by the constructs of the TPB. All direct paths in the model were statistically significant; however, the direct effect of attitudes on intention was weak (.08) and self-determined motivation had no indirect effect on intention through attitudes (.03). Conclusions: Constructs of SDT and TPB should be accounted for by interventions targeting noncompetitive outdoor physical activity among young adolescents. More research is needed to determine young adolescents' preferences for noncompetitive and competitive physical activity and the potential influence that noncompetitive outdoor physical activity may have on total daily physical activity. 相似文献
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The study's purpose was to identify the mediating role of intention and the stages of change (SOC) in physical activity (PA) over a 6-month period using two models (theory of planned behavior [TPB] and TPB/SOC). Participants were 143 adults with physical disabilities (70.68% response rate; M age = 46.03). The TPB constructs, SOC (time 1), and PA (time 2) were assessed using standardized self-report questionnaires. Based on path analyses, attitude had the highest effect on intention and SOC followed by perceived behavioral control within both well-fit models. The variance in PA explained by the first (TPB) and second (TPB/SOC) models was 16% and 28% respectively. In the just identified model of TPB/SOC, the direct effect of SOC on physical activity remained strong (gamma(soc.pa) = .45) and SOC approached full mediation through attitude. Health promotion interventions need to include both intention and behavior elements (SOC) reinforcing increased PA value and barrier elimination. 相似文献
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文章运用文献资料研究法,通过分析研究得出,行为意向和知觉行为控制直接影响球场观众暴力,行为态度、主体规范和知觉行为控制间接影响球场观众暴力。 相似文献
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Rebecca Bassett-Gunter Ryan Rhodes Shane Sweet Lauren Tristani Yasaman Soltani 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(3):282-292
Purpose: Parents play an important role in supporting children’s physical activity (PA) behavior. Parent PA support is a behavior unto itself that has been examined within the framework of an adapted theory of planned behavior (TPB). The primary purpose of this research was to identify key barriers to parent PA support to understand perceptions of control in relation to parent PA support. The second purpose of this research was to identify potential strategies to enhance parent PA support via enhanced perceived behavioral control. Method: Focus groups were conducted with parents (N = 21) of children aged 5 to 11 years old. A deductive content analysis was employed to analyze the data guided by an adapted TPB. Results: Themes related to barriers included parents’ motivation, affective experiences in providing PA support, and control factors (e.g., cost, time, safety concerns, screen). Themes related to potential strategies included opportunities for participation and improved affective experiences for parents, community parenting, and self-regulatory strategies. Conclusion: The identification of specific barriers to parent PA support can guide the development of interventions to facilitate parent PA support. Informational, programming, and self-regulatory training interventions may be useful in enhancing parent support. 相似文献