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目的:探索不同运动方式对生长期大鼠TGFβ/BMP信号通路相关分子表达及骨生长的影响。方法:将生长期大鼠随机分成4组:对照组(C)、游泳组(S)、跑台组(R)和下跳组(D),进行6周的不同方式的运动,利用RT-PCR、west-bloting检测生长板TGFβ/BMP信号通路的m RNA和蛋白表达,利用染色技术对生长板不同层的软骨细胞进行测量和计数。结果:胫骨、股骨长度R组和D组都非常显著性增加(P<0.01);生长板的肥大层宽度只有D组非常显著性增加(P<0.01);静息层占生长板总宽度百分比R组和D组的非常显著性下降(P<0.01);生长板的肥大层占生长板总宽度百分比R组和D组都非常显著性增加(P<0.01);生长板的肥大软骨细胞数量R组的显著性增加(P<0.05),D组的非常显著性增加(P<0.01)。BMP2 mRNA的表达水平R组和D组都非常显著性上调(P<0.01),D组与R组相比,也显著性上调(P<0.05);Smad1 mRNA的表达水平只有D组显著性上调(P<0.05);Smad5 mRNA的表达水平R组和D组都显著性上调(P<0.05);Smad8 m RNA的表达水平R组和D组都非常显著性上调(P<0.01);TGFβ1 mRNA的表达水平R组和D组都非常显著性下降(P<0.01);Smad2 mRNA的表达水平与只有D组显著性下降(P<0.05)。蛋白检测发现,BMP2蛋白的表达水平R组和D组都非常显著性增加(P<0.01);Smad1蛋白的表达水平R组和D组显著性增加(P<0.05),与S组相比,R组和D组非常显著性增加(P<0.01);TGFβ1蛋白的表达水平R组和D组的非常显著性降低(P<0.01)。结论:跑台运动和跳跃运动通过TGFβ/BMP信号通路促进生长期大鼠生长板软骨细胞的增殖和肥大,促进胫骨和股骨的增长,且效果优于游泳运动。 相似文献
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目的：通过比较不同形式的运动训练对生长期大鼠血清及胫骨IGF—Ⅰ水平的影响，进而探讨运动影响骨生长发育的可能机理，同时为青少年选择合理的身高助长运动处方提供一定理论依据。方法：采用4周龄雌性Wistar大鼠，各运动组分别进行9周跑台、跳跃、游泳训练，检测下列指标：1．胫骨、股骨长度；2．血清IGF-Ⅰ水平；3．胫骨TGF—Ⅰ水平。结果：跑组、跳组大鼠下肢骨长度明显大于游泳组和对照组；各训练组血清IGF—Ⅰ水平与对照组相比均无显著性差异；跑组、跳组胫骨IGF-Ⅰ水平明显高于对照组和游泳组。结论：本实验采用的跑台、跳跃训练明显促进下肢骨纵向生长：血清IGF-Ⅰ水平相对稳定，受运动训练影响不明显；骨组织IGF—Ⅰ水平受运动训练影响显著。本研究结果提示运动中下肢骨承重及受力大小与其纵向生长有关，运动可引起骨组织IGF—Ⅰ水平升高，骨中IGF—Ⅰ水平可能是影响骨生长的重要因素。 相似文献
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随着体育全球化的推进,各种体育赛事层出不穷。游泳是奥运会的重要比赛项目,奖牌多,影响力大。新形势下,世界泳坛百花争艳,各国选手都极具竞争力,而我国游冰运动员的运动寿命短暂,平均年龄低于国外选手,忽视了许多大器晚成的优秀运动员。因此,本文通过介绍“运动寿命”的定义,分析我国优秀游泳运动员的培养现状,讨论造成优秀游泳运动员运动寿命短暂的因素,寻找延长优秀游泳运动员运动寿命的策略。 相似文献
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参阅专家的研究成果，分析了如何延长举重运动员的运动寿命。结果表明：运动寿命的长短与运动员早期训练方法手段的科学性，以及教练员的水平等有很大关系。 相似文献
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彭杰 《武汉体育学院学报》2007,41(3):38-41
分析我国最优秀运动员的运动寿命在社会变迁过程中所发生的变化,认为随着社会的科技、经济的发展,训练竞赛的科学化使我国优秀运动员具备了延长运动寿命的物质条件。较计划经济时期而言,运动员更加珍惜自己的运动生涯(更具经济头脑等),运动员的运动寿命得到了有效的延长。 相似文献
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运动和不当运动是两个不同的概念,不当运动的恶果并非运动之过。不科学的运动方式,使运动者身体关键部位损伤,是运动猝死的主要原因。对海曼、朱刚、库珀的一位崇拜者等人的猝死以及北京国际马拉松赛3例猝死的分析表明,这些不幸都是可以避免的。“天年”学说和海弗里克理论未能正确表述人类衰老与寿命极限,“运动使体温升高并缩短寿命”的推测并无事实根据,“人体冷冻延长寿命”只是面临诸多难题的初步设想而不是现实,这些都不能用于科学论证。王嘉鹏、彭水林和北京玉渊潭公园抗癌乐园的动人事迹,展示了康复运动对社会的重要贡献。洪昭光的鹿与狼的故事从生存环境的角度来看是有教育意义的。 相似文献
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刘昕 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(7):51-53
竞技运动训练就是为了让运动员能够取得较高的比赛成绩,最大限度的延长运动员的运动寿命。但在我国优秀体操运动员普遍退役过早,这对国家、对自己都是一种损失。因此,本文对山西省优秀体操运动员运动寿命进行调查研究,在这项研究中采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、统计法等研究方法,对影响体操运动员运动寿命的因素进行分析,希望能为我国其他优秀体操运动员延长运动寿命提供参考的依据。 相似文献
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对“运动寿命”的研究已为世人所关注。但对此问题的研究一直还局限在个别运动项目运动寿命的延长问题上，缺乏对优秀运动员成长过程的全方位研究和对优秀运动员“运动寿命”影响因素的系统分析。本文从影响人的个性形成和发展的各主要因素等角度去分析造成中西方女子运动员运动寿命存有长短差异的原因．最后得出：社会环境的不同是造成中西方女子运动员运动寿命存有长短差异的主要原因所在． 相似文献
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随着时代的发展,休闲体育逐步成为现代生活方式中不可或缺的内容。本文从体育人文精神的视角,探讨了休闲体育的内涵、本质及其体育人文价值。提出休闲体育在文化内涵上与体育人文精神是相契合的,休闲体育的兴起是体育人文精神的1种回归的观点。 相似文献
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Consumer demand for eSport and the growth of organized video game competitions has generated considerable attention from the sport, event, and entertainment industries. eSport therefore represents a novel and popular area for sport management academics to conduct research, educate students, and service industry. However, despite growth and acceptance by consumers and practitioners, academics debate eSport’s position within the domain of sport management, their debates largely concentrated around the question of whether eSport can be classified as sport. In this article, the authors argue for the inclusion of organized eSport events and competitions within sport management vis-à-vis eSport’s meeting certain defining criteria of sport in general. eSport’s connection to traditional sport and defining characteristics are addressed to support eSport’s role as a sport entertainment product recognized by industry as representing a substantial growth opportunity for sport and related organizations. As eSport continues to evolve, practitioners face managerial challenges that are similar to those in traditional sport, particularly in areas of governance and diversity. Sport management academics should embrace the potential of eSport in order to examine this evolution and provide guidance to industry through education and research. 相似文献
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采用文献资料、调查、数理统计等研究方法,通过对北京市城区居民体育休闲活动中的交往方式、参与方式、获取方式以及影响因素的研究分析,旨在为我国城市居民体育休闲生活健康化发展提供借鉴。调查结果表明：中国城区居民在体育休闲活动交往方式的选择上,随着年龄的增长,呈现由注重地缘或业缘的外向型伙伴向着构筑以血缘关系成员为基础的家庭型伙伴;在获取方式的选择上,表现出自给型的体育休闲活动是居民的获取方式主体;随着休闲时间的增多,选择体育休闲参与方式的自由度明显增强等。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2016,19(4):454-465
This case study illustrates the complexity of sport development decision-making and specifically highlights the public health concern of drowning disparities in the United States. Using sport development research to demonstrate the linkage between empirical study and practice, students must consider various factors for the most effective approach to attract and retain participants involved in a local swimming program. The parks and recreation department director, Bob Shell, is tasked with determining the best program structure based on the sets of sport development proposals he received from a member of the management staff. To further ensure students are presented with a realistic scenario, this case offers a combination of fictional and real life events from an innovative swimming program in Memphis, Tennessee. Students must critically evaluate not only sport development practices and the merits of the swimming program, but other organizational partnerships that may be formed in the community. Therefore, students are placed in a decision-making role that is common to managers in many sport contexts beyond swimming. This case study is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate sport management courses, with specific application to sport development, policy and governance, strategic management, and recreation or leisure topics. 相似文献
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文章主要运用运动训练学、运动生理学、运动创伤学、运动心理学等多学科理论,结合网球运动的特点,对我国优秀男子网球运动员运动损伤的现状进行调查研究,着重分析运动损伤发生的原因、规律以及预后效果等,以为实现我国男子网球运动训练的科学化,提高我国男子网球运动员的运动水平,延长运动寿命,提供相应的科学指导。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2017,20(2):170-183
Sport communication research has experienced exponential growth since the 1980s. As one of the four primary sport management functions, sport communication has formed a synergistic relationship with sport management. Researchers have documented this relationship and the continued role of communication within sport. The current study explored the evolution of sport communication research through social network analysis (SNA). This methodological approach offers a visual display of research collaborations and helps identify areas for growth—among researchers, academic institutions, and topics—in an effort to expand research productivity and diffusion. From January 1980 to June 2015, 1255 sport communication researchers shared 2537 collaborations and authored 1283 publications. Their studies most frequently examined topics such as gender, mass media, and sport consumption. The number of researchers, publications, collaborations, and researchers per publication increased over time. A select group of researchers hailed from a smaller number of universities and emerged as key contributors to the field. The findings underscore the importance of prominent researchers, academic institutions, and collaborations in the production of sport communication research. The study also outlines the benefits of using SNA to investigate a field's development and growth opportunities. 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2014,17(4):407-418
This qualitative case study provides a sport-oriented perspective of sport tourism. It examines a strategic alliance between an Australian national sport organisation (NSO), the Australian Rugby Union (ARU), and a sport tour operator (STO), FanFirm. The study contributes insights into how NSOs can facilitate and develop sport tourism for major events through alliances with STOs. Findings indicate that by collaborating with the STO, the ARU accrued a range of intangible and financial benefits, which in turn provided an impetus for ongoing maintenance of the strategic alliance. In addition, the alliance was perceived to deliver advantages beyond the NSO–STO nexus, with rugby fans and host governments of rugby events also benefiting. The study demonstrates that sport organisations can play a role in maximising the tourism outcomes of major events and also suggests that smaller-scale, ‘bottom-up’ cross-sector alliances can contribute to maximising tourism outcomes of major sport events. 相似文献
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论体育资源配置模式——社会经济条件变革下的中国体育改革（一） 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
一国体育资源的配置涉及到资源的种类、来源、影响因素和资源投入后的最终产品等诸多因素及这些因素的互动。该研究的逻辑起点是体育产品(产出)，体育产出可简化为：(1)国民健康水平的提高；(2)国家竞技实力的增强。体育产出具有鲜明的社会公益性和巨大的市场开发性。体育产品的这种社会价值与商业价值共存，社会福利性与商业开发性共存的双重特性，是体育资源合理配王的难点之所在。影响体育资源配置的基本因素主要是环境因素、思想认识、组织形式、法律平台。 相似文献
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Shane Pill 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(6):799-818
This paper reports on a project framed as a strengths-based case study in the field of sport coaching. The aim of this research was twofold. First, the project trialled. Appreciate Inquiry (AI) for sport pedagogy research and explain how AI can be used in sport coaching research. Second, using an appreciative perspective, the aim of the research was to find greater meaning in the two coaches' practice to explain the forces driving the shaping and the implementation of Game Sense (GS) coaching. This is particularly pertinent given strong advocacy for GS as a preferred sport pedagogy but a slow deployment in the field of sport coaching in Australia. Through the story of experience that emerged a reculturing of coaching practice was revealed and the elements that sustained GS coaching highlighted. This research improves understanding of decisions made by coaches to change practice and which are sustained because they bring ‘life’ to the coach. AI has not been used previously to case study coaching practice generally and GS coaching in Australian football specifically. Further research examining the long-term and accumulated benefits of AI for qualitative sport coaching research is proposed, as is further investigation of coaches' experience with GS coaching across a broad range of sports from entry and grassroots through to elite level sport. 相似文献
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AbstractThis paper selected two townships in China’s Lüliang, a city in the west of Shanxi province, as examples to examine sport participation during the urbanization process. The data were collected through 50 in-depth interviews during the summer of 2010. This research applied Elias’s figurational theory to discuss the findings. This research found that sport participation, as a way of life, was not a planned development. Rather it was interdependent, a consequence of other societal factors. 相似文献