共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
为探究静水皮艇200nm能量供应特征,文章选取了29名青少年皮艇运动员在测功仪上进行200 m比赛的模拟（40 s）.通过采集受试者气体代谢和血乳酸数据,并按Beneke等人提出的计算方法进行能量代谢的计算.结果表明,静水皮艇200 m三大供能系统的供能比例分别为39.4％（无氧无乳酸）、28.8％（无氧乳酸）和31.8％（有氧）.静水皮艇200 m前10 s能量供应主要来自无氧无乳酸系统,第10～20 s（或30s）能量供应主要来自无氧乳酸系统,有氧供能对于最后10～20 s的运动能力有重要意义.我国目前对静水皮艇200 m的认识低估了有氧供能的重要性.静水皮艇200 m能量代谢的时序特征可以作为制定训练计划和评价运动能力的重要生物学基础. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
以湖北队8名男子皮艇运动员为研究对象，运用皮艇测功仪进行测试，观察运动员在定量负荷下血乳酸值的变化，以评价测功仪训练对运动员耐酸能力的影响。结果：在周期训练过程中，男子皮艇运动员的平均乳酸阈功率显著提高（P〈0.05）；250m测试成绩显著提高（P〈0.05），个别队员极显著（P〈0.01）。结论：乳酸阈功率显著提高，说明周期训练有效提高了运动员的耐酸能力。 相似文献
6.
通过文献资料分析,对皮艇运动所涉及的主要工作肌肉进行了梳理;对专项力量实施过程中应遵循的两个规律进行了总结和分析。希望通过对皮艇专项力量训练相关内容的研究,为训练提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
7.
许志娟 《体育成人教育学刊》2010,26(5)
通过对参加2004年雅典奥运会女子皮艇主力队员心理现象进行研究,探讨心理训练在女子皮艇训练及比赛中不同阶段的运用问题,提出了心理训练的阶段划分、各阶段的主要任务及心理训练全程性多年训练结构模式,为女子皮艇训练及比赛提供理论参考. 相似文献
8.
目的：探讨皮艇运动训练周期内的训练特点与运动员生化指标变化之间的关系和规律。方法：在皮艇运动训练周，对12名某队男子皮艇运动员的常规生化指标：血红蛋白（Hb）、血清肌酸激酶（CK）、血尿素氮（BUN）进行测试。结果：男子皮艇运动员BUN、Hb周期训练前的值处于正常人的范围，但个体差异较大；CK值高于正常人的范围；在整个训练周期，BUN,CK、Hb等指标随着训练周期训练方法的变化有周期性变化。结论与建议：BUN、CK和Hb各指标存在着不同程度的个体差异，纵向和横向综合比较BUN、CK、Hb指标对皮艇训练监控更有意义，不能以单一指标作为增加运动量或增加运动强度的标准；周期性训练模式既可以提高运动负荷能力又可以避免由于运动负荷对机体刺激过深产生过度疲劳。 相似文献
9.
静水皮艇500 m供能特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:研究静水皮艇500 m能量供应特征.方法:选取8名青少年女子皮艇运动员(年龄15士1岁,身高172±4 cm,体重65±5kg,训练年限15±10年)在Dansprint皮艇测功仪上进行多级测试和120 s的最大测试,结合测功仪和气体代谢数据,运用累积氧亏法(AOD)进行能量供应比例的计算.结果:静水皮艇500 m有氧供能的比例为59.6％±11.4％,最大心率为179±8 bpm,最高血乳酸为11.3±1.5 mM/L.全力运动的前5～10 s以磷酸原供能为主,第10～40 s期间糖酵解供能占据重要地位,40 s之后影响运动能力的主要为有氧供能.结论:静水皮艇500 m是一个以有氧供能为主的运动项目,国内对此项目供能特征的认识低估了有氧供能的作用;静水皮艇500 m能量供应的时序特征可以作为安排训练、发展不同供能系统的重要生物学基础. 相似文献
10.
一、散打对抗训练方法
擒散打对抗训练采用的训练方法带有鲜明的指向性特征。对抗每局比赛的时间为2—3分钟，其能量代谢以无氧供能为主、有氧与无氧混合供能。训练实践中，通常采用的训练方法如下： 相似文献
11.
12.
采用测试方法，对少儿体操运动员专项训练中的生理负荷和能量消耗特点进行分析。结果表明，少儿体操运动员运动时的生理负荷和能量消耗，与训练水平、动作难度、机能状态等因素相关；认为，训练中应控制训练次数、间隙时间，同时应采用合理的膳食结构，保证运动员机体的热量供给。 相似文献
13.
本文对800米跑的特点及其训练手段进行了生理学剖析,提出充分挖掘磷酸原供能潜力,延长糖酵解供能时间,提高有氧代谢供能质量,重视提高产生乳酸的能力、耐受乳酸的能力和消除乳酸的能力,可在短期内突破800米跑成绩的障碍。 相似文献
14.
文章采用文献资料法、录像统计法、数理统计法等科研方法,通过记录2008年上海大师杯网球单打比赛每分球和每场比赛用时,了解高水平网球比赛中运动员机体供能特点,研究表明,运动员的体能在比赛中的作用越来越重要。经过对高水平网球比赛中运动员体能特征的分析,并寻找有针对性的训练方法,对提高运动员的竞技能力有很重要的意义。 相似文献
15.
Despite its long history and global appeal, relatively little is known about the physiological and other requirements of cricket. It has been suggested that the physiological demands of cricket are relatively mild, except in fast bowlers during prolonged bowling spells in warm conditions. However, the physiological demands of cricket may be underestimated because of the intermittent nature of the activity and the generally inadequate understanding of the physiological demands of intermittent activity. Here, we review published studies of the physiology of cricket. We propose that no current model used to analyse the nature of exercise fatigue (i.e. the cardiovascular–anaerobic model, the energy supply–energy depletion model, the muscle power–muscle recruitment model) can adequately explain the fatigue experienced during cricket. A study of players in the South African national cricket team competing in the 1999 Cricket World Cup revealed that, in a variety of measures of explosive ('anaerobic') power and aerobic endurance capacity, they were as 'fit' as South African national rugby players competing in the 1999 Rugby World Cup. Yet, outwardly, the physiological demands of rugby would seem to be far greater than those of cricket. This poses the question: 'Why are these international cricketers so fit if the physiological demands of cricket are apparently so mild?' One possibility is that this specific group of athletes are unusually proficient in a variety of sports; many achieved high standards of performance in other sports, including rugby, before choosing to specialize in cricket. Hence their apparently high fitness may simply reflect a superior genetic physical endowment, necessary to achieve success in modern international sports, including cricket. Alternatively, it could be hypothesized that superior power and endurance fitness may be required to cope with the repeated eccentric muscle contractions required in turning and in bowling and which may account for fatigue and risk of injury in cricket. If this is the case, the fitness of cricketers may be increased and their risk of injury reduced by more specific eccentric exercise training programmes. 相似文献
16.
太极拳和瑜伽健身价值研究比较分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
瑜伽作为一种新的健身方式已被越来越多的人所接受。它主要是通过呼吸和体位相结合,围绕人体脊柱做各种运动,活动全身各个部位,以调理身心、净化生存的内环境,使身体更加充满活力。太极拳是我国古老的一项体育项目。它有完整的套路,动作之间衔接非常紧密,可有效地活动全身各个部位,从而达到锻炼的效果。二者都是通过缓慢的动作结合均匀的呼吸来完成。文章就太极拳和瑜伽对身体各个系统的影响作比较,从而得出二者的相同和不同之处,并对不同的锻炼人群提出相应的建议。 相似文献
17.
在讨论足球运动负荷特点的基础上,着重分析足球运动能量代谢特征研究中存在的一些观点上的分歧。结合运动生理学关于间歇性冲刺跑的研究成果,经理论分析后认为:足球比赛的供能问题,高强度跑之间的间歇时间是一个很重要的指标。在足球比赛中,由于高强度跑间的间歇时间一般足够长,出现不完全恢复的几率比较低,大多数情况下ATP-CP能够在有限的间歇时间内得到充分的恢复。因此足球运动的供能特点应为有氧氧化系统供能和高能磷酸系统供能为主。无氧糖酵解供能的比例相对很小,该系统只是在比赛的个别时间段动员较多。 相似文献
18.
The aim of this study was to devise a laboratory-based protocol for a motorized treadmill that was representative of work rates observed during soccer match-play. Selected physiological responses to this soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol were then compared with steady-rate exercise performed at the same average speed. Seven male university soccer players (mean - s : age 24 - 2 years, height 1.78 - 0.1 m, mass 72.2 - 5.0 kg, VO 2max 57.8 - 4 ml·kg -1 ·min -1 ) completed a 45-min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol on a motorized treadmill. They also completed a continuous steady-rate exercise session for an identical period at the same average speed. The physiological responses to the laboratory-based soccer-specific protocol were similar to values previously observed for soccer match-play (oxygen consumption approximately 68% of maximum, heart rate 168 - 10 beats·min -1 ). No significant differences were observed in oxygen consumption, heart rate, rectal temperature or sweat production rate between the two conditions. Average minute ventilation was greater ( P ? 0.05) in intermittent exercise (81.3 - 0.2l·min -1 ) than steady-rate exercise (72.4 - 11.4l·min -1 ). The rating of perceived exertion for the session as a whole was 15 - 2 during soccer-specific intermittent exercise and 12 - 1 for continuous exercise ( P ? 0.05). The physiological strain associated with the laboratory-based soccer-specific intermittent protocol was similar to that associated with 45 min of soccer match-play, based on the variables measured, indicating the relevance of the simulation as a model of match-play work rates. Soccer-specific intermittent exercise did not increase the demands placed on the aerobic energy systems compared to continuous exercise performed at the same average speed, although the results indicate that anaerobic energy provision is more important during intermittent than during continuous exercise at the same average speed. 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study was to devise a laboratory-based protocol for a motorized treadmill that was representative of work rates observed during soccer match-play. Selected physiological responses to this soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol were then compared with steady-rate exercise performed at the same average speed. Seven male university soccer players (mean +/- s: age 24 +/- 2 years, height 1.78 +/- 0.1 m, mass 72.2 +/- 5.0 kg, VO2max 57.8 +/- 4 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed a 45-min soccer-specific intermittent exercise protocol on a motorized treadmill. They also completed a continuous steady-rate exercise session for an identical period at the same average speed. The physiological responses to the laboratory-based soccer-specific protocol were similar to values previously observed for soccer match-play (oxygen consumption approximately 68% of maximum, heart rate 168 +/- 10 beats x min(-1)). No significant differences were observed in oxygen consumption, heart rate, rectal temperature or sweat production rate between the two conditions. Average minute ventilation was greater (P < 0.05) in intermittent exercise (81.3 +/- 0.2 l x min(-1)) than steady-rate exercise (72.4 +/- 11.4 l x min(-1)). The rating of perceived exertion for the session as a whole was 15 +/- 2 during soccer-specific intermittent exercise and 12 +/- 1 for continuous exercise (P < 0.05). The physiological strain associated with the laboratory-based soccer-specific intermittent protocol was similar to that associated with 45 min of soccer match-play, based on the variables measured, indicating the relevance of the simulation as a model of match-play work rates. Soccer-specific intermittent exercise did not increase the demands placed on the aerobic energy systems compared to continuous exercise performed at the same average speed, although the results indicate that anaerobic energy provision is more important during intermittent than during continuous exercise at the same average speed. 相似文献
20.
The physiological demands of cross-country skiing require competitive skiers to have high maximal oxygen uptakes and anaerobic thresholds. Anaerobic capacity has a relatively less important role, but may be of greater importance today with the faster race velocities resulting from the new skiing techniques of ski skating. Although use of the ski skating techniques results in faster race velocities than the classical techniques, it has been found that under some conditions the double-pole technique is more economical than other skiing techniques. It is suggested that this results from a more effective storage and recovery of elastic energy, a greater proportion of the forces being directed along the line of travel, and a lower air resistance due to greater trunk and hip flexion with the double-pole technique. The greater economy of the double-pole technique suggests that this may be advantageous in certain race conditions if the upper body is adequately prepared. The greater propulsive forces generated with the upper body with ski skating also suggest that training of the upper body should receive more emphasis. The potential cardiovascular adaptations from cross-country ski training appear to be similar for the classical and skating techniques, yet training specificity is important for optimal performance. 相似文献