共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 797 毫秒
1.
血清EPO指标在耐力运动训练中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
采用文献资料研究方法，从EPO的生物学特性、EPO与耐力运动能力、EPO与低压氧舱等方面分析入手，探讨EPO在高原训练和低压氧舱训练中的变化规律。认为，EPO可作为耐力运动训练的预见及评价指标；间断低压氧舱应用，很可能是今后耐力运动训练的主要手段。 相似文献
2.
茜草提取物对大强度耐力训练大鼠股四头肌ATP 酶活性及运动能力影响的实验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的：探讨茜草提取物对大强度耐力训练大鼠股四头肌ATP酶活性及运动能力的影响，为茜草作为运动补剂提供理论依据。方法：选取24只大鼠，随机分为安静组、训练组和训练加药组。训练组与训练加药组按照训练模型进行为期6周的耐力训练，最后一次训练进行一次力竭性运动，力竭后取股四头肌组织并进行样本处理。内容：通过建立大强度耐力训练大鼠模型，测定运动大鼠力竭运动的时间以及股四头肌ATP酶活性。研究茜草提取物对大强度耐力训练大鼠股四头肌的保护作用。结论：茜草提取物可明显提高大鼠股四头肌在大强度耐力运动中的能量供给，提高了大鼠大强度耐力运动的运动时间。 相似文献
3.
目的:综合评价间歇性低氧训练对运动员有氧耐力的影响。方法:运用RevMan 4.2统计软件对纳入的相关数据进行系统综述(Meta分析),间歇性低氧训练(IHT)组和对照组间指标采用加权均数差(WMD)评价。结果:共纳入原始文献8篇,所有研究均未发现执行分配隐藏。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,IHT的干预对运动员EPO、HB和3 000 m跑成绩均无显著性影响。结论:IHT作为一个短期(4周内)训练方式,对提高运动员有氧耐力的作用尚值得质疑,在运动训练中需谨慎应用。 相似文献
4.
目的旨在探讨耐力运动预激活增强效应的研究进展,从生理学表现和研究方法方面为耐力项目运动训练方案设计提供理论依据。方法检索、整理和分析耐力运动预激活增强效应相关的文献。结果和结论预激活增强效应的生理机制为肌球蛋白调节轻链磷的酸化及神经肌肉特征的变化;预激活增强效应可用于优化耐力运动热身方案,提升运动成绩;耐力运动引发的神经肌肉特征变化可用于调节耐力运动中外周疲劳所带来的负面影响。未来的研究应进一步明确各专项的热身方案,在耐力训练或竞赛中的作用,最大限度地发挥预激活增强效应在各专项运动中的用作,热身活动中最佳的负荷强度也需进一步地研究,便于研究者们更好地探究用以提升运动成绩的训练方案。 相似文献
5.
红细胞作为机体运氧的载体，本文从不同的运动负荷对红细胞及其调节因子EPO进行了阐述和分析，以此帮助运动者建立合理的训练模式，为运动训练向着科学的方向发展提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
运动耐力与运动力量训练是当前高中学生体能训练的主要内容。通过运动耐力与运动力量训练,能够有效地改善与提高高中学生的身体素质和体育运动成绩。运动耐力与运动力量训练越好,学生的身体素质就越好,因此运动耐力与运动力量直接关系到身体素质。教师需要运用持续跑步训练、重复跑步训练、间歇跑步训练、健身器械训练、肌肉训练等方法,来加强对高中学生的运动耐力与力量训练,以实现耐力提升和力量提升的训练效果。 相似文献
7.
耐力素质在当代运动训练及竞赛中的作用西安体育学院许玉如，冯常迎运动训练的基本任务是发展身体素质、掌握先进技术、提高运动成绩。运动员的身体素质对掌握和提高运动技术及竞技能力发挥的作用是众所周知的。关于身体素质，人们虽将力量、速度、耐力、灵敏、柔韧等作为... 相似文献
8.
介绍了耐力训练在赛艇运动中的作用，根据多年的运动实践及文献分析得出结论：赛艇训练中在坚持有氧训练为主的前提下，必须兼顾无氧及混氧能力训练；训练要遵循个体化原则；应用先进的科学手段监控与指导训练对促进赛艇运动的发展有着重要作用。 相似文献
9.
本文在简要介绍计算训练法的基础上,以足球间歇训练为基点,从计算训练法的运动训练原则与足球耐力训练的关系以及计算训练法在足球耐力训练中运用的特点两个方面进行对足球运动员耐力训练运用计算训练法的可行性分析。 相似文献
10.
有氧能力的高低是马拉松跑者能否取得优异成绩的关键。最大摄氧量、乳酸阈和跑步经济性是衡量运动员有氧能力和耐力运动表现的关键指标，也是长跑训练效果的核心考量。由于力量和耐力训练对机体产生不同的训练刺激，教练员和运动员很少将力量训练作为提升耐力运动表现的手段，以防止有氧能力受到负面影响。通过对大量文献梳理发现，力量训练可以在不影响机体最大摄氧量和乳酸阈值的前提下，通过改善神经肌肉功能、转换肌纤维类型以及增强肌肉肌腱刚度和利用弹性势能的能力，提高跑步经济性和无氧能力，改善运动员耐力运动表现。本文基于对力量、耐力训练的生理学适应的探讨，总结不同形式力量训练对耐力运动表现的影响与作用机制，并为马拉松选手科学安排力量训练提出建议，从而优化其耐力运动表现。 相似文献
11.
低氧诱导因子-1在高原低氧训练中的研究现状与进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献资料法，介绍了HIF-1的概念及主要功能，HIF-1在高原训练中的主要影响因素，分析总结了国内外有关HIF-1在高原低氧训练中的研究现状及存在的问题。并指出了HIF-1在高原低氧训练中研究的意义和将来值得研究的方向。总结后认为：机体在低氧下运动时。HIF-1增加了VEGF、EPO基因的表达以及促进糖酵解的进行。可提高运动员的运动能力。 相似文献
12.
Michael Stone Steven Plisk David Collins 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):79-103
Current information and evidence indicate that for most activities free weight training can produce superior results compared to training with machines, particularly when the free weight training involves complex, multi‐joint exercises. A number of reasons can account for the superiority of free weights; the major factor deals with mechanical specificity. Mechanical specificity is concerned with appropriate movement patterns, force application and velocity of movement. Considering the available evidence that adherence to the concept of specificity of exercise and training can result in a greater transfer of training effect then free weights should produce a more effective training transfer. Therefore, the majority of resistance exercises making up a training programme should include of free weight exercises with emphasis on mechanical specificity (i.e. large muscle mass exercises, appropriate velocity, contraction type etc.). Generally, machines should be used as an adjunct to free weight training and, depending upon the sport, can be used to a greater or lesser extent during various phases of the training period (preparation, pre‐competition, competition). 相似文献
13.
本文运用文献资料法比较不同方式运动对生长期骨量的作用,发现力量训练促进骨量累积的作用大于耐力训练,负重运动大于非负重运动。 相似文献
14.
Training principles: evaluation of modes and methods of resistance training--a coaching perspective 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stone M Plisk S Collins D 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2002,1(1):79-103
Current information and evidence indicate that for most activities free weight training can produce superior results compared to training with machines, particularly when the free weight training involves complex, multi-joint exercises. A number of reasons can account for the superiority of free weights; the major factor deals with mechanical specificity. Mechanical specificity is concerned with appropriate movement patterns, force application and velocity of movement. Considering the available evidence that adherence to the concept of specificity of exercise and training can result in a greater transfer of training effect then free weights should produce a more effective training transfer. Therefore, the majority of resistance exercises making up a training programme should include of free weight exercises with emphasis on mechanical specificity (i.e. large muscle mass exercises, appropriate velocity, contraction type etc.). Generally, machines should be used as an adjunct to free weight training and, depending upon the sport, can be used to a greater or lesser extent during various phases of the training period (preparation, pre-competition, competition). 相似文献
15.
This study aimed to compare the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training or combined resistance training and change of direction exercises on physical performance and motor skills in futsal players. Thirty-four futsal players were divided into full squat group (SG, n = 12), combined full squat and change of direction exercises group (S+CDG, n = 12) and control group (CG, n = 10). The resistance training for SG consisted of full squat with low load (~45–58% 1RM) and low volume (4–6 repetitions), whereas the S+CDG performed the same resistance training program combined with loaded change of direction. Sprint time in 10 and 20 m, change of direction test, countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) height, maximal strength and force–velocity relationship in full squat exercise, kicking speed ball (BSmean) and repeated sprint ability (RSAmean) were selected as testing variables. Both experimental groups showed significant improvements for CMJ, BSmean and all strength parameters. Only SG resulted in significant sprint gains, whereas S+CDG also achieved significant improvements in RSAmean. The CG remained unchanged after training period. No significant differences were found between both experimental groups. These findings suggest that only 12 sessions of either lightweight resistance training alone, lifting the load at maximal intended velocity or combined with change of direction exercises is enough to improve several physical and skills capacities critical to futsal performance in adult players. 相似文献
16.
Ricardo Berton Manoel E. Lixandrão Claudio M. Pinto e Silva 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(18):2038-2044
Jump performance is considered an important factor in many sports. Thus, strategies such as weightlifting (WL) exercises, traditional resistance training (TRT) and plyometric training (PT) are effective at improving jump performance. However, it is not entirely clear which of these strategies can enable greater improvements on jump height. Thus, the purpose of the meta-analysis was to compare the improvements on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance between training methods which focus on WL exercises, TRT, and PT. Seven studies were included, of which one study performed both comparison. Therefore, four studies comparing WL exercises vs. TRT (total n = 78) and four studies comparing WL exercises vs. PT (total n = 76). The results showed greater improvements on CMJ performance for WL exercises compared to TRT (ESdiff: 0.72 ± 0.23; 95%CI: 0.26, 1.19; P = 0.002; Δ % = 7.5 and 2.1, respectively). The comparison between WL exercises vs. PT revealed no significant difference between protocols (ESdiff: 0.15 ± 0.23; 95%CI: ?0.30, 0.60; P = 0.518; Δ % = 8.8 and 8.1, respectively). In conclusion, WL exercises are superior to promote positive changes on CMJ performance compared to TRT; however, WL exercises and PT are equally effective at improving CMJ performance. 相似文献
17.
Effects of concurrent training on interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein in middle-aged men 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Libardi CA Souza GV Gáspari AF Dos Santos CF Leite ST Dias R Frollini AB Brunelli DT Cavaglieri CR Madruga VA Chacon-Mikahil MP 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(14):1573-1581
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of moderate- to high-intensity resistance and concurrent training on inflammatory biomarkers and functional capacity in sedentary middle-aged healthy men. Participants were selected on a random basis for resistance training (n = 12), concurrent training (n = 11) and a control group (n = 13). They performed three weekly sessions for 16 weeks (resistance training: 10 exercises with 3 × 8-10 repetition maximum; concurrent training: 6 exercises with 3 × 8-10 repetition maximum, followed by 30 minutes of walking or running at 55-85% [Vdot]O(2peak)). Maximal strength was tested in bench press and leg press. The peak oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O(2peak)) was measured by an incremental exercise test. Tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein were determined. The upper- and lower-body maximal strength increase for both resistance (+42.52%; +20.9%, respectively) and concurrent training (+28.35%; +21.5%, respectively) groups (P = 0.0001).[Vdot]O(2peak) increased in concurrent training when comparing pre- and post-training (P = 0.0001; +15.6%). No differences were found in tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 for both groups after the exercise. C-reactive protein increased in resistance training (P = 0.004). These findings demonstrated that 16 weeks of moderate- to high-intensity training could improve functional capacity, but did not decrease inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged men. 相似文献
18.
高原和低氧训练已成为运动员训练的主要方式和手段，其训练目的主要是提高氧运输和摄取能力。目前对促红细胞生成素在训练中变化的报道较多，但在高原训练时间长短以及高原和低氧训练对促红细胞生成素影响异同等方面还没有报道。笔者通过查阅大量文献和对专家进行访谈，对高原训练和低氧训练促红细胞生成素研完进展加以综述，以便对高原和低氧训练过程中促红细胞生成素的影响规律有更加深刻和系统的了解。 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 7 weeks of high- and low-velocity resistance training on strength and sprint running performance in nine male elite junior sprint runners (age 19.0 - 1.4 years, best 100 m times 10.89 - 0.21 s; mean - s ). The athletes continued their sprint training throughout the study, but their resistance training programme was replaced by one in which the movement velocities of hip extension and flexion, knee extension and flexion and squat exercises varied according to the loads lifted (i.e. 30-50% and 70-90% of 1-RM in the high- and low-velocity training groups, respectively). There were no between-group differences in hip flexion or extension torque produced at 1.05, 4.74 or 8.42 rad·s -1 , 20 m acceleration or 20 m 'flying' running times, or 1-RM squat lift strength either before or after training. This was despite significant improvements in 20 m acceleration time ( P ? 0.01), squat strength ( P ? 0.05), isokinetic hip flexion torque at 4.74 rad·s -1 and hip extension torque at 1.05 and 4.74 rad·s -1 for the athletes as a whole over the training period. Although velocity-specific strength adaptations have been shown to occur rapidly in untrained and non-concurrently training individuals, the present results suggest a lack of velocity-specific performance changes in elite concurrently training sprint runners performing a combination of traditional and semi-specific resistance training exercises. 相似文献