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文章论述了高校特殊学生群体体育健身基础的薄弱:即社会认识存在偏差、相关政策的不完善、特殊体育教育匮乏、健身服务不到位以及家庭社区支持不足等;提出了高校特殊学生群体科学健身应以特殊体育教育生态化理论为指导,建立学校体育行政支持、特殊体育教育支持、健身志愿者服务支持和家庭社区协助支持等体育健身保障体系网络,最终实现自我支持.保证特殊学生群体最大限度地获得体育健身的权利. 相似文献
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石家庄市社区居民体育现状的调查研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
从石家庄市社区居民中随机调查10000人，主要从健身意识、健身项目、健身的时间，以及体育消费、家庭拥有健身器材的数量等方面进行调查。调查结果显示，石家庄市社区居民的健身意识水平较高，家庭拥有健身器材的数量较多，但是有近6成的人没有进行体育健身或不能常年坚持体育健身，在社区参加体育健身的人群主要是老年人和病弱，其次是少年儿童。 相似文献
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我国现代家庭体育的发展趋势 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
随着社会进步，现代家庭结构发生变化，体育在家庭中的作用越来越重要。家庭体育的开展是推动全民健身实施的重要途径。对现代家庭结构变化特点进行了阐述，并分析了这些变化特点对家庭体育的影响。在此基础上，预测了现代家庭体育的发展趋势，为全民健身的深入开展提供一些借鉴。 相似文献
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随着我国家庭结构的变化,人们生活方式的改变以及家庭观念的转变,＂学校、家庭、社会＂体育一体化的发展趋势,以及后奥运时期全民健身热潮的到来,构建和谐社会新目标的确立,家庭体育的功能也随之出现了新的变化,更加显示出它的重要性。论文从素质教育、＂学校、家庭、社会＂体育一体化、全民健身、构建和谐社会等方面分析新时期家庭体育的功能,以提高对家庭体育功能的认识,为推动家庭体育的开展提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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我国的体育事业在改革开放后取得了巨大的发展，群众性体育活动生机盎然，参与体育活动的人数不断增加，人民体质和健康状况有了很大的改善。特别是我国政府1995年6月颁布《全民健身计划纲要》后，全民健身工作日益受到社会各界的关注和支持。群众性体育活动的内容和形式更加丰富多彩，群众体育健身的物质条件逐步得到改善。体育在提高人民整体素质、促进社会主义精神文明和物质文明的建设方面，发挥着越来越显著的作用。一、家庭体育的兴起与发展家庭是社会的细胞和基本单位，家庭体育是全民健身的重要构成因素。家庭体育出现于20世纪70年… 相似文献
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家庭体育与全民健身体系的构建 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
构建全民健身体系是全面建设小康社会的一个基本目标。在社区体育的资金、场地、器材、社会体育指导员缺乏的情况下,以家庭体育作为一种新的大众体育组织形式来构建具有中国特色的全民健身体系具有其优越性,可以通过设立家庭体育奖章与学区体育节,完善服务体系,吸引社会赞助等形式来构建我国新时期的全民健身体系。 相似文献
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以丽水市农民工参与体育健身的现状调研为切入点,分析当前影响城市农民工体育健身开展的主要因素,旨在通过研究进一步明确农民工参与体育健身对于丰富其精神文化生活,促进家庭与社会和谐的重要意义,寻找能有效解决农民工参与体育健身问题的相应对策。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、访谈法和数理统计等方法,对泰安市居民参与家庭体育活动的动机、消费形式、健身内容和活动场所等方面进行调查研究。结果表明:泰安市家庭居民的健身动机明确;体育消费结构趋向于物质性;家庭体育活动场地以开放性和公益性的为主;组织形式的随意性强等。对此现状的提出了合理化的对策,以期为泰安市家庭体育发展提供可参考的建议。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献