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1.
Claire Miles 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(5):723-740
The case study explores the experiences of Muslim women in the area of physical activity participation conducted whilst they were studying at one UK University. Previous research in the field indicated that Muslim women can be denied opportunities to participate in areas of sport-related physical activity through multiple factors such as socio-cultural, familial, religious or sporting structural constraints. Despite increased knowledge about the inclusion of Muslim girls in school-based physical education and sport, there is a dearth of literature on Muslim women's experiences post their school years. Informed by socio-cultural theories of the body, identity and embodied cultures, the study focuses on Muslim women's early physical activity experiences, university-based participation patterns and reflections on the influences that shaped their attitudes and beliefs towards such participation. Open-ended questionnaires, 34/50 returned (68%), and 6 in-depth interviews were conducted with volunteers studying a wide range of programmes. Content analysis revealed that values, attitudes and behaviours were largely influenced by the family; prior to university, the women's physical activity experiences were mixed and dependent on family activity patterns and school-based opportunities; university recreational sport-related provision did not cater for the women's Islamic needs denying them opportunities to participate. Religious belief and cultural expectations made a significant contribution to the women's preferences for participation environments that respected their Islamic beliefs. 相似文献
2.
本文通过文献资料法、专家访谈法,对铜仁市少数民族村落体育发展进行研究,在现状调查中发现,铜仁市少数民族村落体育发展存在以下困境:(1)少数民族村落体育参与主体的缺乏;(2)少数民族村落体育保护的政策制度不健全;(3)少数民族村落体育资源开发不合理。针对存在的现实困境,特制定以下发展措施:(1)因地制宜,政府部门制定保护与发展政策;(2)加深乡村旅游与少数民族村落体育融合发展;(3)加强引导,确立村民的文化自信感;(4)丰富少数民族村落体育锻炼内容,提高村民参与度。 相似文献
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The latest national data shows that ethnic minority women in Australia have the lowest rates of sport and recreational participation, raising doubt about whether everyone has “a fair go” to participate. This article explores the types of barriers perceived or experienced by Indian women in Sydney, compared to a larger group of culturally and linguistically diverse women across Australia. Support was found for socio-cultural, access, resource and interpersonal constraints. Moreover, it appears that Indian and other ethnic minority women generally perceive access to sport as equal, but not necessarily the opportunity to participate, indicating a level of social exclusion. The researchers suggest that promoting an image of cultural diversity in the institution of sport can significantly stimulate the interest and participation of Indian and other migrant women. This may not only benefit their personal health and wellbeing, but it may also increase their sense of social inclusion in sport (and) in Australia. 相似文献
4.
Previous research suggests that Muslim women can experience particular problems when taking physical education (PE) lessons, for example with dress codes, mixed-teaching and exercise during Ramadan; and they can face restrictions in extra-curricular activities for cultural and religious reasons. The area is under-researched and there is little evidence of comparative studies that explore similarities and differences in cross-national experiences, which is the aim of this paper. Two studies conducted in Greece and Britain that explored the views of Muslim women on school experiences of physical education are compared. Both studies focused on diaspora communities, Greek Turkish girls and British Asian women, living in predominantly non-Muslim countries. Growing concerns about global divisions between ‘Muslims and the West’ make this a particularly pertinent study. Qualitative data were collected by interviews with 24 Greek Muslim women, and 20 British Muslim women. Physical education has national curriculum status and a similar rationale in both countries but with different cultures of formality and tradition, which impacted on pupils’ experiences. Data suggested that Greek and British groups held positive views towards physical education but were restricted on their participation in extra-curricular activities. For the British women religious identity and consciousness of Islamic requirements were more evident than for the Greek women. Differences in stages of acculturation, historical and socio-cultural contexts contributed to less problematic encounters with physical education for Greek Muslims who appeared more closely assimilated into the dominant culture. 相似文献
5.
Annette Stride 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(5):677-697
This paper explores the physical education (PE) and physical activity experiences of a group of South Asian, Muslim girls, a group typically marginalised in PE and physical activity research. The study responds to ongoing calls for research to explore across different spaces in young people's lives. Specifically, I draw on a ‘middle-ground’ approach, using Hill Collins' matrix of domination and the notion of intersectionality. These concepts offer the possibility to explore the kinds of settings (physical, social and cultural) in which girls undertake PE and physical activity, how these spaces influence experience and how the girls navigate these spaces. The study is based in a large, urban, co-educational, secondary school in Yorkshire, England (95% of the students are from minority ethnic communities, 91% are Muslim and 63% live in the top 10% most deprived neighbourhoods in the country). Data generation involved three phases: observations, creating research artefacts in focus groups and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal the diverse ways the girls are physically active. They also demonstrate a complexity to their involvement which is contingent upon space, discourses and people. For example, discourses of competition, ability and peers are more significant within PE; whilst family, religion and culture feature beyond this context. The paper concludes by acknowledging the girls' heterogeneity and agency in the ways they strategically navigate spaces in their quest to be physically active on their terms. 相似文献
6.
AbstractThe physical culture of Chinese folk sports is embedded in religions and rituals that have been predominantly ruled by men. However, this situation has been changing as the forms and meanings of folk sports transform in modern China. Based on the literature and interviews, in this research, the Funeral Dance of the Tujia ethnic group was considered as a case to explore how gender roles in Tujia indigenous physical activity changed during the modernizing process. Given the transformation of Funeral Dance from an indigenous funeral ritual to a national fitness programme and public and commercial performances, Tujia women have gained social access, legal status, national identity, and value, allowing them to participate in the dance. Policy interventions, capitalist drive, and social progress constituted an integral force that has systematically challenged the engendered nature of Chinese folk sports. Nevertheless, in Tujia’s conceptual framework, there is an invisible curtain between the stage and backstage of Funeral Dance performances. In the ‘front’, the participation of women is fully encouraged; however, ‘backstage’, the gender taboo remains as a so-called sporting tradition. The inclusion of both genders in folk sports is an unavoidable tendency in China, though the gendered boundaries continue to impact on women’s participation. 相似文献
7.
Dunja Antunovic 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(13):1551-1573
AbstractIn the 1970s, women’s sport underwent significant change in the United States resulting in an increase of participation opportunities and funding at the interscholastic, intercollegiate, professional and international levels. Yet, media outlets continued to ignore women and, at best, portray them in gender stereotypical ways. Considering the lack of progress for women in sports media coverage, this study employs sport historian Jaime Schultz’s ‘points of change’ framework in order to identify those moments that constituted an ideological shift in the process of covering women’s sport. Drawing upon oral history interviews with journalists who wrote about women’s sport in the 1970s and 1980s, this research provides a deeper look into how journalists experienced and addressed the shifting gender ideologies of the time period. Journalists’ memories, accompanied by their articles, reveal how media practitioners negotiated meanings about femininity and athleticism in response to events that challenged deeply embedded assumptions about gender and its intersections with ethnicity, race and sexuality. This exploratory research, thus, identifies several ‘points of change’ – or points of struggle, conflict and resistance – and calls for a re-periodization of the history of women’s sports coverage. 相似文献
8.
文章采用文献资料法和问卷调查法等研究方法,对新疆少数民族的传统体育项目进行分析。研究结果表明：少数民族地区由于受到地理环境和人文环境因素的影响,其传统体育具有地域性、民族性、中庸性、娱乐与竞技性等特征。民族传统体育项目在产生和发展过程中与人们的生产、生活密切相关,传统体育项目仍是少数民族地区人们健身、娱乐和促进生产的有效手段,充分利用这一财富,对全民健身活动的开展具有积极意义。 相似文献
9.
开发民族地区传统体育对于丰富民族文化,了解少数民族传统体育项目的起源、兴盛或衰落的历史缘由及规律,促进民族地区经济发展有重要的现实意义。运用文献资料、调查访问等研究方法对土家族传统体育的现状进行调查研究,提出了在＂全球化＂背景下,借鉴中国的龙舟运动等体育项目的成功经验,选择土家族民族传统体育的部分成果,实现土家族民族传统体育的现代体育转化,部分提炼和发展为竞技体育,选择普及性广泛的体育项目,走社区体育之路,实现真正意义上的大众推广。使其在保持民族文化特色的基础上逐步实现现代化。 相似文献
10.
《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2012,83(4):567-577
ABSTRACTPurpose: Despite the well-known health benefits of physical activity (PA), disadvantaged populations usually have lower PA levels than the rest of the population. Some intra- and interpersonal factors such as different types of barriers to PA may influence PA levels, particularly among disadvantaged adult women. The first aim of this qualitative study was to identify the barriers to PA perceived by disadvantaged adult women. The second aim was to analyse the differences in perceived barriers to PA between adult Roma and non-Roma women. Methods: Eleven disadvantaged adult women participated in the current study (M = 37.72; SD = 8.34), seven of whom belonged to the Roma population. Data were obtained from discussion groups as well as from one-to-one interviews, and these were analysed by NVivo Pro 11. Results: Three categories of perceived barriers to PA were identified: personal (i.e., economy, labour, physical limitations, illness, and psychological characteristics) social (i.e., culture, lack of social support, and family), and environmental. Family was identified as the main common and most frequent barrier to PA in disadvantaged adult women. Differences in perceived barriers to PA between adult Roma and non-Roma women were found. While Roma women perceived culture, physical limitations, and lack of social support barriers to PA, non-Roma women mainly perceived labour-related barriers to PA. Conclusions: Multilevel interventions addressing specific barriers to PA for disadvantaged adult women are required to overcome barriers to PA and, consequently, increase PA levels. Particular attention should be paid to specific barriers to PA among adult Roma and non-Roma women, respectively. 相似文献
11.
Kristin Walseth 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(3):304-322
Recent years have seen an increase in scholarly attention to minority pupils and their experience of physical education (PE). UK research identifies specific challenges related to Muslim pupils' participation in PE. In Norway, little research has been undertaken on Muslim pupils' experiences in PE, something this paper hopes to redress in part. In particular, it addresses the role and significance of religiosity to their experience of PE. The work is positioned within third-wave feminism; as such it aims to be sensitive to issues of cultural and religious diversity. The study is based on life-history interviews with 21 Muslim girls aged between 16 and 25. All the girls had attended PE lessons at school, mostly in mixed-gender classes, but with some gender-segregated PE as well. In terms of religious affiliation, the girls describe themselves as Muslim, though their degree of religiosity varies. Five wear the hijab. The general picture drawn by the data shows that the Muslim girls enjoy their PE lessons and the majority preferred gender-mixed PE. Religiosity seems to have little influence on Muslim girls' experience of PE, with the exception of swimming lessons and showering facilities. We can understand the objections of some of the girls to gender-mixed PE by looking at the dominance of the male gender, and, as such, their experiences are similar to those of non-Muslim girls. However, objections to gender-mixed swimming classes are best explained by the girls' gendered religious identities and embodied faith. In term of intersectionality, the study shows that different categories dominate in different PE contexts. As such, what Muslim girls make of PE is not always dictated by religiosity. 相似文献
12.
村落女性是当代湘西地区民族传统体育复兴的主要力量,女性的体育参与行为来自于主体意识的觉醒或短视性的工具理性行为。通过长期的田野调查、地方文献比对,并反思前人研究成果,认为:少数民族村落女性积极参与的传统体育项目均为自古以来其所拥有参与权的项目;当下她们参与集体性传统体育活动主观上有社交的需求,客观上得到村级行政机构的支持;她们热衷于参与公共空间的展演活动,并试图在文化融合中通过传统体育行为完成身份认同,其中,以女性精英分子的文化自觉为引领的代表性项目的复兴起到举足轻重的作用;男权社会的性别结构制约女性参与者的主体能动性,政府主导的传统体育复兴为女性提供更多参与机会,但过度的主导又极易伤害其自觉性。 相似文献
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More than 1 million Canadian adults play recreational ice hockey. Compared to elite players, very little is known about the physical and health characteristics of people who play the game for fun. Analyzing data from Statistics Canada’s 2011/12 Canadian Community Health Survey, the paper found that there is an association between physically active males age 35 or over who play ice hockey regularly (at least once a week) and enhanced health more so than other physically active males. While these players are larger in body size, they have significantly lower rates of diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease and report significantly higher rates of self-assessed health. Given the potential health benefits associated with this high intensity sport, the paper discusses ways in which participation can be promoted among less physically active adults and people who are new to the game or who have historically lower levels of participation including women and recent immigrants. Finally, the paper argues that compared to the very high costs associated with child and youth hockey, participation in adult recreational ice hockey is quite affordable. 相似文献
15.
季浏 《天津体育学院学报》1993,8(1):58-63
这篇论文由4个部分组成。第1部分说明了在运动心理学领域中缺乏跨文化的研究;第2部分回顾了在动作技能形成和运动活动、参与竞技运动、娱乐活动等方面人种或种族差异的现代研究工作;第3部分讨论了在运动心理学领域中进行跨文化分析的重要性;第4部分叙述了在该领域中跨文化研究的方法问题。 相似文献
16.
Vicente J. Beltrán-Carrillo José Devís-Devís Carmen Peiró-Velert 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(3):257-269
Drawing on semi-structured interviews with older adolescents, this article examines how healthism, ideal body discourses and performative body discourses influence their (non)participation in physical activity (PA) and their identity construction concerning exercise, sport and physical education. We illustrate that body transformation through PA, and related slim body desire and the fear of masculinised female bodies, affect adolescents’ decisions to engage in or drop out of sport. Also, a non-hegemonic body shape combined with a display of low physical competence triggers classmate and teachers’ rejection and marginalisation, affecting adolescents’ construction of embodied identities and preventing them from being active. Finally, adolescents who are competent in sport are less influenced by ideal body discourses than by performative body discourses. We highlight the health promotion effects of these hegemonic discourses and suggest strategies to challenge them. 相似文献
17.
陈建峰 《体育成人教育学刊》2012,28(3):39-42
目的:探讨大学生休闲体育动机与行为的关系。方法:采用改编的《休闲动机量表》和《体育活动等级量表》进行休闲体育动机和行为的测量,并建立休闲体育动机的验证性因子分析模型和休闲体育动机与行为的关系模型。结论:投入规范是影响大学生参加休闲体育活动的主要动机。投入规范与休闲体育行为呈显著正相关关系,而无动机和外在规范则与休闲体育行为呈显著负相关。 相似文献
18.
采用问卷调查法等方法对昔阳县居民参与休闲体育活动人群中不同社会群体的休闲体育行为进行研究,发现文化程度、经济收入、兴趣爱好、参与目的和参与方式是影响昔阳县居民参与休闲体育活动人群差异的主要变量因素。另外,发现昔阳县的休闲体育活动存在安全性、缺乏专业人员的指导、高级服务场所消费太贵等问题。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2019,22(5):736-747
Given the growth in the female sport fan base of North American major league sports and the development and expansion of women’s team-related apparel, the purpose of this study was to examine women sport fans’ perceptions of team apparel. The authors collected data through in-depth interviews with 16 Canadian women who self-identified as fans of professional sport teams. They perceived a lack of options in team apparel, despite the development of women’s clothing lines. Analysis of the aesthetics, symbolism, and instrumentality of team apparel using a third-wave feminist approach provides socio-cultural explanations for women fans’ dissatisfaction with existing offerings. This approach advances understandings of the social circumstances shaping women’s sport experiences as fans and the impact of gender on consumer engagement. Results suggest that sport teams need to recognize the diversity of women’s gender identities and expressions and provide a wider range of clothing that demonstrate their status as authentic fans. 相似文献