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中长跑后程跑走一个训练焦点,也是一个训练难点,纵观世界大型比赛,耐力速度相当情况下,后程跑速度决定了比赛的最终结果。青少年是我们运动后继者,所以提早发展他们的后程跑速度,迎头赶超世界级运动员是我们广大体育工作者的艰巨任务,本文就后程跑的重要性予以阐述,以达到共鸣和共享。 相似文献
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目前,各中学都普遍开展了田径课余训练,在田径课余训练中,中长跑训练开展得较为普及,进行中长跑训练时,教练员和学生把训练的重点放在运动技术和运动素质的训练上,教练员和学生在完成这两项训练任务中,往往注重途中跑练习,而忽视后程冲刺跑的训练。另外,还因为后程冲刺跑是学生在完成途中跑后进入最后阶段也是最艰苦阶段的跑,多数中学生面对这一阶段跑有畏惧的心理,不 相似文献
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为有效提高400米跑后程能力,通过文献资料法归纳总结不同训练方法手段对400米运动员后程能力的训练效果,在此基础上提出采用跨栏法发展400米跑后程能力的训练设计,并进行了必要的理论分析和实践探索,为基层训练工作提供有益的思路启迪。 相似文献
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1．短距离跑途中跑的技术分析与训练
途中跑技术的动作结构分支撑阶段（前摆、垂直、支撑、后蹬）和摆动阶段（后摆、前摆）。而二者又为互为影响的。然而，自然跑和竞技跑的动作结构最大差别是后蹬离地后的大、小腿折叠和前摆时大腿高抬程度。为此在教学训练最初阶段应重点抓好几个方面的教学训练。 相似文献
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严爱兰 《上海体育学院学报》1999,23(B12):289-291
以往跑的专门性练习包括：小步跑、高抬腿跑和车轮跑等。所谓专门性练习就是为改进跑的技术和提高跑速而采用的练习。跑的专门性练习,是短跑教学和训练的重要手段。它是跑的技术分解．每一种练习都着重于跑的阶段中的某一动作。跑是一项周期性的运动项目,整个过程是有机结合的整体,是一种环形的动作结构,前一动作的质量和正确与否对后 相似文献
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短跑途中跑支撑摆动技术生物力学机制研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
研究目的:深入认识短跑途中跑支撑摆动动作系统中各环节协同的关系,完善短跑技术和专项力量训练理论。研究方法:采用生物力学测试、系统分析和数理统计等方法。结论:优秀运动员支撑摆动技术的主要运动学趋势,是支撑腿和摆动腿的髋角、膝角和踝角在支撑过程中均较小,两大腿的剪绞速度更快、幅度更大;短跑技术的本质特征是两大腿以髋为轴的剪绞—制动;积极着地是合理的短跑技术的基础;途中跑中前支撑段的技术效果是提高和保持最高跑速的主要影响因素;跑的主要动力是体后支撑阶段与人体运动方向相同的支撑反作用力的水平分力;两大腿的剪绞—制动力量和支撑腿膝、踝关节的低位趋等长力量,是短跑专项力量的核心。 相似文献
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800米跑是体育特长生高考必考项目之一。在高考体育特长生进入冬训黄金期后,对800米跑的训练成为了一项非常重要的训练内容。如何在冬训这段重要却有限的时间内快速有效地提高学生800米跑的后程冲刺能力,又是冬训期间高考体育特长生重点训练的内容。 相似文献
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主要对体育学院普修通用教材《田径》一书中的短跑途中跑支撑技术部分内容提出质疑。认为脚着地后,踝、膝、髋关节不应主动弯曲,做退让工作,而应主动支撑。并以这一动作环节为契机,探讨了跑的原理和现代跑的技术特点所形成的原因。认为支撑效果在短跑中仍起决定性作用。缩小腾空移动距离,相对增加支撑距离,是提高速度的根本所在。其中身体中轴肌群发力,摆动腿积极下压,小腿积极后扒一次完成整个支撑动作是跑的动作结构 相似文献
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一、短跑放松跑能力及其作用 1、短跑放松跑的概念 短跑放松跑能力主要是指运动员在专项运动中通过心理、生理和运动负荷等因素的合理调节,以保持神经系统和肌肉系统的协调配合,促进体能的合理消耗,从而优化速度结构以创造最佳成绩的能力,也就是在高速跑动的过程中通过心理和生理等因素的合理调节来发挥运动技术和体能的一种技能。 2、短跑放松跑的作用 从短跑运动技术来看,在大腿后摆(我们可以把后蹬动作认为是支撑腿摆动的延续)过程中,若 相似文献
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Hannelore Boey Jeroen Aeles Kurt Schütte Benedicte Vanwanseele 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(2):166-176
Research has focused on parameters that are associated with injury risk, e.g. vertical acceleration. These parameters can be influenced by running on different surfaces or at different running speeds, but the relationship between them is not completely clear. Understanding the relationship may result in training guidelines to reduce the injury risk. In this study, thirty-five participants with three different levels of running experience were recruited. Participants ran on three different surfaces (concrete, synthetic running track, and woodchip trail) at two different running speeds: a self-selected comfortable speed and a fixed speed of 3.06 m/s. Vertical acceleration of the lower leg was measured with an accelerometer. The vertical acceleration was significantly lower during running on the woodchip trail in comparison with the synthetic running track and the concrete, and significantly lower during running at lower speed in comparison with during running at higher speed on all surfaces. No significant differences in vertical acceleration were found between the three groups of runners at fixed speed. Higher self-selected speed due to higher performance level also did not result in higher vertical acceleration. These results may show that running on a woodchip trail and slowing down could reduce the injury risk at the tibia. 相似文献
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浅析起跑对100m成绩的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
100m短跑中的起跑虽然占成绩的比重不大，但是却对100m跑的成绩影响很大，分析第6届世界田径锦标赛100m跑的数据参数，起跑反应以及100m各分段速度和最终100m成绩，显示起跑在比赛中起很大的作用，是提高比赛成绩的重要因素。 相似文献
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Abstract To develop a track version of the maximal anaerobic running test, 10 sprint runners and 12 distance runners performed the test on a treadmill and on a track. The treadmill test consisted of incremental 20-s runs with a 100-s recovery between the runs. On the track, 20-s runs were replaced by 150-m runs. To determine the blood lactate versus running velocity curve, fingertip blood samples were taken for analysis of blood lactate concentration at rest and after each run. For both the treadmill and track protocols, maximal running velocity (v max), the velocities associated with blood lactate concentrations of 10 mmol · l?1 ( v 10 mM) and 5 mmol · l?1 ( v 5 mM), and the peak blood lactate concentration were determined. The results of both protocols were compared with the seasonal best 400-m runs for the sprint runners and seasonal best 1000-m time-trials for the distance runners. Maximal running velocity was significantly higher on the track (7.57 ± 0.79 m · s?1) than on the treadmill (7.13 ± 0.75 m · s?1), and sprint runners had significantly higher v max, v 10 mM, and peak blood lactate concentration than distance runners (P<0.05). The Pearson product – moment correlation coefficients between the variables for the track and treadmill protocols were 0.96 (v max), 0.82 (v 10 mM), 0.70 (v 5 mM), and 0.78 (peak blood lactate concentration) (P<0.05). In sprint runners, the velocity of the seasonal best 400-m run correlated positively with v max in the treadmill (r = 0.90, P<0.001) and track protocols (r = 0.92, P<0.001). In distance runners, a positive correlation was observed between the velocity of the 1000-m time-trial and v max in the treadmill (r = 0.70, P<0.01) and track protocols (r = 0.63, P<0.05). It is apparent that the results from the track protocol are related to, and in agreement with, the results of the treadmill protocol. In conclusion, the track version of the maximal anaerobic running test is a valid means of measuring different determinants of sprint running performance. 相似文献
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通过现场拍摄后的影片解析,对男子百米途中跑与终点跑技术参数进行定量比较分析。在此基础上,找出终点跑减速的技术原因,为提高终点跑技术,减少终点跑速度损失,提供定量依据。 相似文献
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Mike D. Quinn 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(1):19-25
Abstract This study looked at how the geometry of the running track affects performances in the 200- and 400 m sprint running events. Although an athletics track must be designed with two parallel straights and two curved bends, the lengths of the straights and bends are not fixed and may vary within an approved set of limits. The bend can be semi-circular or a double-curve consisting of arcs of two different radii. A mathematical model was used to calculate the effect of track geometry on race times for six different track designs; three with semi-circular bends (encompassing the extremes of the permitted designs), and the three permitted double-curve designs. The calculations revealed substantial differences among the track designs. The time difference (in the inside lane) between the fastest and slowest tracks is about 0.1 s in the 200-m race and 0.2 s in the 400-m race. The time differential between the outside and inside lanes for a double-curve track can be up to 0.08 s greater than for a standard track with semi-circular bends. 相似文献
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提高女生耐力跑的趣味性 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
耐力跑是田径教学中的难点项目 ,大多数女生心理上都畏惧耐力练习 ;就如何增加耐力跑的趣味性、提高耐力跑教学的效果进行了探讨。并采用了趣味跳绳、跳台阶、登山、游戏等一系列活动形式来提高耐力水平 ,并把欢快激昂的音乐引入到耐力跑教学中 ,取得了较好效果。 相似文献
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论述了“双组两线跑”的方法及其意义;实行“双组两线跑”与《田径竞赛规则》对于场地使用的规定精神以及实行“双组两线跑”的场地布置和裁判组织工作。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and running economy. Twenty‐two female novice runners were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The experimental subjects received verbal and visual feedback concerning their running technique prior to and during each training run. Training involved 15 20‐min treadmill running sessions over a 5‐week period. The control group adhered to the same training routine but did not receive feedback concerning their running technique. High‐speed (100 Hz) photography was used to collect biomechanical data. A submaximal oxygen consumption test and Borg's RPE scale were used to collect data concerning running economy and perceived exertion, respectively. Statistical analysis using ANCOVA revealed that the proposed feedback system had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on the experimental group's running technique by affecting the following desired changes relative to the control group: greater relative stride lengths, shorter support time, greater ankle dorsiflexion during support and greater knee flexion during support and non‐support. There were no significant differences between the groups in submaximal VO2 or RPE. The results of this study suggest that verbal and visual feedback are effective means of eliciting modifications in running style in female novice runners. The link between modifications in running style and improvements in running economy and perceived exertion remains unclear. 相似文献
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As a wide range of values has been reported for the relative energetics of 400-m and 800-m track running events, this study aimed to quantify the respective aerobic and anaerobic energy contributions to these events during track running. Sixteen trained 400-m (11 males, 5 females) and 11 trained 800-m (9 males, 2 females) athletes participated in this study. The participants performed (on separate days) a laboratory graded exercsie test and multiple race time-trials. The relative energy system contribution was calculated by multiple methods based upon measures of race [Vdot]O2, accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD), blood lactate and estimated phosphocreatine degradation (lactate/PCr). The aerobic/anaerobic energy system contribution (AOD method) to the 400-m event was calculated as 41/59% (male) and 45/55% (female). For the 800-m event, an increased aerobic involvement was noted with a 60/40% (male) and 70/30% (female) respective contribution. Significant (P <?0.05) negative correlations were noted between race performance and anaerobic energy system involvement (lactate/PCr) for the male 800-m and female 400-m events (r = ? 0.77 and ??0.87 respectively). These track running data compare well with previous estimates of the relative energy system contributions to the 400-m and 800-m events. Additionally, the relative importance and speed of interaction of the respective metabolic pathways has implications to training for these events. 相似文献
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使用专用的技、战术录像分析系统(SIM I°Scout),对2008东亚足球锦标赛中国运动员的跑动能力进行定量测量分析.结果显示,中国队的总跑动距离明显低于东亚三国的队员,其中高速跑和有氧中等强度跑差距比较显著;与亚洲杯相比较,总跑动距离略有提高,但总体上提高不大. 相似文献