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大规模科学技术工程管理模式架构分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
我国先后组织实施了"两弹一星"、载人航天等一系列举世瞩目的大规模科学技术工程,形成了非常成功的管理模式,并且这种模式不断适应新形势而发展演进。为了在理论上深入探讨这种模式并加以推广应用,本文基于系统工程和项目管理理论和方法,运用文献理论研究、专家咨询和案例分析法,在界定大规模科学技术工程概念和分类的基础上,分析了大规模科学技术工程的典型特征和管理特殊性,构建了大规模科学技术工程管理模式理论分析框架体系,并尝试提出大规模科学技术工程组织协同网络的组织管理模式研究范畴。 相似文献
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由于系统集成项目越来越复杂,规模越来越庞大,传统的管理已经越来越不适应系统集成项目发展的需要,系统集成行业更加需要科学规范的项目管理,因此引入项目管理成为系统集成公司的当务之急。文章结合系统集成项目管理的相关理论,按照项目管理的基本过程（启动、计划、执行、控制和收尾）来展开论述了一个具体的系统集成项目实例,具体涵盖了项目的范围管理、人力资源管理、风险管理等项目管理知识领域。 相似文献
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矩阵型组织结构在信息系统集成项目中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着项目管理在信息系统集成领域应用的不断深入,项目管理的组织结构已引起相关企业越来越多的关注.从矩阵型组织结构角度,对信息系统集成项目的特点及项目管理过程中存在问题进行了分析,指出矩阵型组织结构在信息系统集成项目管理中的必要性和可行性,并结合成功案例提出矩阵型组织结构在信息系统集成项目管理中的实施方法. 相似文献
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随着我国科技水平的进步,市场经济的不断发展,大规模建造项目呈逐渐上升趋势,因此在建筑工程中所涉及的管理对象、管理目标、组织结构都愈加复杂.继续使用原有的建造工程管理模式,就会显得捉襟见肘.建筑工程施工项目的管理决策以及管理制度都是不断变化的,所以就要求项目的决策和管理具备与时俱进的特点,对建筑项目采用科学的模式进行管理,就会在最大程度上取得较好的经济效益和社会效益,使建筑工程的施工管理水平得到不断的提升 相似文献
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中国科学院综合计划局项目管理处 《中国科学院院刊》2001,16(6):474-476
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目是指以解决我国经济发展、国家安全和社会可持续发展的重大战略性科技问题为主要目标 ,能充分发挥我院综合优势、广泛吸纳社会资源、跨所跨学科系统集成的大型项目。重大项目采取顶层设计、统一规划、自上而下的组织方式 ,成熟一项 ,启动一项。重大项目的组织在总结以往经验的基础上 ,对项目的管理和运行机制进行了进一步改革 ,加强了项目的过程监督管理和经费核定的合理性 ,同时重视与产业部门结合 ,以加快科技转化为生产力的进程。在组织机制上 ,设立项目领导小组 ,由副院长任组长 ,实行项目领导小组领导下… 相似文献
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HT-7将是我国第一个具有超导能力的大型托卡马克装置,它的改造意义重大。由于HT-7的主机改造是一项大型的科研工程,其组织管理复杂,为使这项工程得以顺利进行,建立了一个相互配套的、完整的科研及管理体系,采取系统目标的管理方法,对该项目科研工程实行全面的组织、协调与管理。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献