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目的:分析低氧环境下的训练对肌肉爆发力参数的影响。方法:随机选取某市某高校志愿者30名,将其随机分为低氧运动组和常氧运动组,低氧训练组的15位受试者在模拟青海地区海拔环境下进行训练。常氧训练组受试者进行常氧测试。两组受试者均进行相同强度的训练,对最大摄氧量、低氧通气速率、肌肉收缩产生某个运动关节屈伸扭转力矩、对抗肌比、相对平均功率等指标进行测试。结果:低氧训练组受试者最大摄氧量显著低于常氧训练组(P0.05),同时随着运动负荷的逐渐增加,最大摄氧量逐渐降低;两组受试者通气反应速率均随运动负荷的增大而显著增加。低氧训练组和常氧训练组相比,具有非常显著性差异(P0.01)。两组膝关节屈伸肌快速相对峰值力矩实验后均有非常显著性提高;伸肌快速相对峰值力矩增长量低氧训练组非常显著性高于常氧训练组,P0.01;屈肌组间相比,无显著性差异。结论:低氧环境下训练能够有效增强肌肉爆发力,对肌肉爆发力参数有积极的影响。 相似文献
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目的:研究氧气稀缺区的运动强度同内脏损伤关系。方法:选择某大学竞技体育学院运动员30名,受试者分别在常氧、模拟海拔1500、2500、3500 m低氧环境中,完成传递负荷功率自行车测试,探讨运动员最大摄氧量以及运动强度同内脏损伤的关系。结果:随着海拔高度的增加,运动心率呈现下降趋势;低氧环境下运动出现单峰值时,发生概率为50%的内脏轻度、中度和重度损伤的运动峰值,分别是66 N/次、116 N/次和180 N/次;随着运动强度的增加,引起同样程度运动强度所需的超强峰值逐渐降低。结论:低氧环境下,运动强度对人员内脏损伤的程度,主要同运动员最大摄氧量比例值,运动强度的峰值,运动持续时间有关,运动员最大摄氧量比例值越高,内脏损伤程度越低,运动强度峰值越高,内脏损伤的程度越高,运动持续时间越长,内脏损伤所需的运动强度值越低。 相似文献
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本文通过对影响足球运动员有氧耐力的分析．指出影响足球运动员有氧耐力的生理因素主要有：①肺泡通气量及呼吸肌抗疫劳的能力;②红细胞的数量及机能稳定性;③心肌射血砭抗疲劳的能力;④运动肌肉的氧弥散和氧利用能力.在此基础上根据高原训练对足球运动员生理机能的影响,分析了高原训练对提高足球专项有氧耐力的利弊. 相似文献
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最大摄氧量和心率在训练中已经被广泛采用,而运动员最大吸氧量时的心率或相应的心率所对应的心率研究较少,本文通过查阅资料对两者之间做相关性研究,使心率控制VO2max来提高训练水平的方法应用于运动员训练。 相似文献
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《科技通报》2015,(12)
目的:研究运动焦虑对运动员的相关生理指标影响分析,并进行数学模型构建,实现定量分析,准确分析运动焦虑对运动员身体健康指标的制约因素,并进行科学指导。方法:采用流式细胞方式对抗原体表面的CXCR3进行受体分析,得到不同组中的纤维细胞表面的RNA浓度为10 mol/L,取0.4 m L金磁微粒于离心管中磁性分离,弃上清,用0.5 m L的偶联缓冲液(20 mmol/L,p H7.4)清洗,引入运动焦虑的蛋白脂质体的自我磷酸化活性检测,评价蛋白脂质体的功能稳定性,实现运动焦虑对运动员相关生理指标影响建模分析。结果:训练中最大摄氧量VO2max的值都要大于台阶实验数值,达到最大摄氧量VO2max,DP,PP,MAP的显著性差异P0.05,运动状态下,使得人体血动脉的血红蛋白和脂质体共存于组分,促进人体耐运动焦虑的末端苏氨酸物体的生成。血蛋白和脂质体在组分3内的最大回收率分别为80%和90%。结论:运动焦虑对运动员的生理指标有较大影响,采用本文方法进行焦虑调节,促进运动员的耐力水平和身体机能,缓解运动焦虑症状,提高运动锻炼的积极性和有效性。 相似文献
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目的:研究磷酸化活对高原缺氧负重训练动脉供血调控促进模型,促进运动员的心肺功能,提高运动员的供血调控水平。方法:通过高原缺氧负重训练,产生大量的磷酸化活物,人体中的磷酸化活物重组质粒p ET-28a-Agr C在C43(DE3)中表达为末端苏氨酸物体,通过提取人体内的血液标本,进行样本测试,对采集的运动员血液样本进行蛋白脂质体先用膜不可渗透硫醇-非荧光试剂(4-acetamido-4'-maleidylstibene-2,2'-disulphonic acid,Amdi S)标记,得到采用磷酸化活测定分析高原缺氧负重训练下的动脉供血调控促进模型结构。结果:运动员心率HR和肺活量VC显著性差异P0.01,缺氧负重训练中最大摄氧量VO2max的值都要大于台阶实验数值,达到最大摄氧量VO2max,心率HR的显著性差异P0.01。得到的测试组TG的心肺功能由于对比组CG1和CG2的显著差异性,进而促进动脉供血调控。结论:采用磷酸化活测定方法对高原缺氧负重训练动脉供血调控促进模型进行分析建模,对促进运动员的心肺功能,提高运动员的供血调控水平具有帮助。 相似文献
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最大摄氧量速度是近几年来国外研究和训练中频繁使用的指标,可以用于中长跑运动员训练监测、训练强度和训练时间的制定、比赛成绩预测等方面。本文主要结合国外对最大摄氧量速度指标最新研究进展情况,阐述了最大摄氧量速度在间歇训练中的运用现状,并对其进行分析,以此为国内的训练者提供新的负荷指标使用依据。 相似文献
10.
目的:研究通过高原耐力训练,生成体内血胰岛素,并建立起与抗高原反应能力关系模型,评估人体在高原等恶劣环境下训练的生理机能。方法:研究对象为本校篮球队在青藏高原驻训的23名篮球队员,采用SPSS 13.0统计软件,测得运动员体内产生的血胰岛素聚合物Pluronic-b-PCL(Entry 0)和Pluronic-b-P(CL-co-BCL)的显著差异性,从而分析与抗高原反应能力的关系。引入有助于提高抗高原反应的半乳糖分子,通过DLS测试粒子表面的zeta电位值,分析受测运动员的调节纤维激酶值。结果:在阳离子型嵌段共聚物P(PEGMEMA16-co-PEGMA7)-b-PDMAEMA53中N/P比分别为0.3,0.6,0.8,1.5,2.5,3.0,8.0,受测运动员的生成的P(PEGMEMA-co-PEGMA)-b-PDMAEMA为2.155 g,0.1 mmol,PMDETA(104μL,0.5 mmol),Cu Cl(0.0258 g,0.25 mmol),在运动后24 h,血胰岛素与抗高原反应能力相关系数有所增大,运动后48 h,血胰岛素生成与抗高原反应能力相关系数有所较小,同时BP与调节纤维激酶相关系数增大,抗高原反应能力显著提高(P0.05)。结论:通过高原耐力训练,逐步增加红细胞和血红蛋白的生成,促进血胰岛素生成,改善血液输送氧的能力,使新进入高原的人发挥他正常的生理效能,指导高原训练和高原反应病症的治疗和预防。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
15.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献