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1.
[目的/意义]为推进文献知识发现研究方法体系的形成和应用研究的广泛开展,梳理引文分析法与内容分析法结合的不同模式,可为后续研究提供参考。[方法/过程]在介绍引文分析、内容分析的基础上,提出两者结合的必要性;从引文分析法与内容分析法不同结合方式(组合、聚合与融合)的概念解析、研究结构、相关应用等方面,全面展示两种分析方法结合的基本概貌;并给出未来两种方法实现深度结合的研究趋势。[结果/结论]引文分析法与内容分析法结合实现文献知识发现的有效性已得到国内外学者的认可,目前已形成系统的方法体系,其方法理论可推广应用到多源信息融合实现知识发现的研究中去。 相似文献
2.
<正> 物价是国民经济运行的晴雨表,88年至95年,我国出现了两次通货膨胀,给经济生活的健康运行,人民生活的逐步改善以及对外开放的进一步扩展带来了不利影响,这些现象促使我们对物价增长问题进行深入地探讨和研究。 本文采用时间序列分析方法,结合物价波动理论,对山东省1988—1994年的消费品零售物价进行分析。本文数据是从山东省统计局获得的。得到的样本为从1989年1月到1994年12月的物价指数序列(附表Z_E),样本个数为84。把1993年12月的物价定为100,根据环比指数的定义,换算出7年中各年按月物价,这样得到的数据是以1993年12月物价为100的定基指数序列(附表Z_1),对这一序列(Y_t)进行分析,得出物价波动规律。 影响物价序列(Y_t)的因素为:季节变动(S_t),长期趋势变动(T_t),不规则变动(C_t),随机性变动(E_t)。这四种变动因素之间存在某些相互关系,它们不是独立地影响物价,物价的任何一种变化可能是一种或几种变动因素共同影响的结果,因此采用乘法模型 相似文献
3.
目的：观察表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）在IL-1干预下在牙龈成纤维细胞中的表达。方法：利用免疫组化的方法,先建立了人牙龈成纤维细胞的体外模型,然后将细胞随机分为六组,对照组加入DMEM培养液（无血清）,实验组为IL-1浓度分别为0.1ng/ml、0.5ng/ml、1ng/ml、5ng/ml、10ng/ml的培养基（无血清）,静置培养24h。结果：数据分析结果运用了SPSS统计软件,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05,EGFR胞浆染色强度随IL-1由于升高的干预浓度有增强趋势。结论：牙龈组织炎症的发生发展中EGFR起着重要的作用,为进一步研究EGFR在牙龈组织炎症中的调控作用提供实验基础,对于早期终止和治疗牙周组织炎症进程有很大的意义。 相似文献
4.
层次分析法在SWOT分析中的应用 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
SWOT分析方法是一种常用的竞争情报分析方法,但它缺少定量分析的过程。层次分析法 (AHP)具有定性分析和定量分析相结合的优势,可以弥补SWOT分析这一缺陷。层次分析法与SWOT分析法相结合所产生的方法综合二者的优点,从而可以更加准确地描述企业竞争态势和市场地位,为企业竞争战略的制定提供依据。本文给出这种新方法的应用步骤并运用一个例子进行了说明,得出结论:在进行企业竞争态势分析时,AHP与SWOT结合运用会取得更佳效果。 相似文献
5.
浓缩接种法是传统的种子带菌检测方法,对水稻细菌性条斑病菌的可检测浓度为10~5个/ml左右,检测一批样品的速度为7～10d,但由于受到诸多环境因素和寄主的影响,该方法的稳定性和准确性较差。免疫放射分析法是一种新颖的超微量检测技术,由于它具有放射性同位素的灵敏性和血清学的特异性,用于细菌性条斑病菌的检测与前者相比具有许多优点,灵敏度高,可检测浓度为10~3个/ml;速度快,4h左右可得出结果;稳定性好,抗血清冻干品在4℃和-25℃下分别可保存70d和300d;可靠性强,与浓缩接种法的阴性符合率为100％,阳性符合率为63.04％。特别在低浓度下检测准确性更高。 相似文献
6.
文章从介绍一种新兴技术RIA(Rich Internet Applications)入手,阐述了RIA概况,探讨了RIA在数字图书馆的应用及其对数字图书馆发展的促进作用,为新技术在图书馆领域的运用开启新的思路。 相似文献
7.
运用网络分析法选择R＆D项目 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
网络分析法(AnalyticNetworkProcess,简称ANP)是层次分析法(AnalyticHierarchyProcess,简称AHP)的一种特殊形式。ANP模型充分考虑各层次之间以及同一层之间各元素的相互作用关系,对各方案进行综合评价并得出最佳决策。文章主要以R&D项目的选择为例,通过ANP模型的应用可看出ANP是一种帮助组织进行决策的高效实用的计算工具。 相似文献
8.
探讨了流动注射一氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定地球化学样品中微痕量砷锑铋的分析方法。方法的检出限为0．2ng／ml、0．2ng／ml、0．3mg/ml，线性范围为0-20ng／ml，RSD％分别为2．6％，1．0％，1．6％（n=10），加标回收率92～100％。 相似文献
9.
10.
分析法和综合法是解答物理习题的两种重要方法。分析法是从含有待求未知量的原始公式出发,按一定的逻辑顺序,逐步求解,最终导致待求量的解决。综合法,则是先从已知量开始,按照物理过程,分成几个简单部分来考虑,而后再按题意,把几个简单部分的结果综合在一起,直到把已知量和待求量的关系完全建立为止。分析法和综合法这两种不同的思维方法,其区别在于思维顺序相反。 相似文献
11.
We present an immunoaggregation assay chip for multiplexed biomarkers detection. This chip is based on immunoaggregation of antibody functionalized microparticles (Ab-MPs) to quantify concentrations of multiple biomarkers simultaneously. A mixture of multiple types of Ab-MPs probes with different sizes and magnetic properties, which were functionalized by different antibodies, was used for the multiplexed assay. The interactions between biomarkers and their specific Ab-MPs probes caused the immunoaggregation of Ab-MPs. A two-stage micro resistive pulse sensor was used to differentiate and count the Ab-MP aggregates triggered by different biomarkers via size and magnetic property for multiplexed detection. The volume fraction of each type of Ab-MP aggregates indicates the concentration of the corresponding target biomarker. In our study, we demonstrated multiplexed detection of two model biomarkers (human ferritin and mouse anti-rabbit IgG) in 10% fetal bovine serum, using anti-ferritin Ab and anti-mouse IgG Ab functionalized MPs. We found that the volume fraction of Ab-MP aggregates increased with the increased biomarker concentrations. The detection ranges from 5.2 ng/ml to 208 ng/ml and 3.1 ng/ml to 5.12 × 104 ng/ml were achieved for human ferritin and mouse anti-rabbit IgG. This bioassay chip is able to quantitatively detect multiple biomarkers in a single test without fluorescence or enzymatic labeling process and hence is promising to serve as a useful tool for rapid detection of multiple biomarkers in biomedical research and clinical applications. 相似文献
12.
Bharti Jain J. Kumarasamy Chandrakala Gholve Savita Kulkarni M. G. R. Rajan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(2):193-199
Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurements have evolved as important analytes for monitoring the prognosis of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, post-thyroidectomy. Individual analyte immunoassay is the current practice in clinical pathology, but the simultaneous assay for all relevant analytes for a given disease, can reduce assay costs, improve patient compliance and give the clinician more information for an unequivocal diagnosis. Microarray immunoassay (MI) can achieve this goal and, hence, we have developed and validated a immuno-radiometric MI for quantitation of serum TSH and Tg by using highly micro-porous polycarbonate (PC) track-etched membranes (TEM) to immobilize the monoclonal anti-TSH and polyclonal anti-Tg antibodies in ~1 mm diameter spots. Non-competitive immunoassays were performed using mixture of 125I labeled monoclonal anti-TSH and anti-Tg antibodies. Phosphorimager was used to quantify the bound radioactivity. TSH and Tg were detected with detection limit of 0.07 µIU/ml and 0.13 ng/ml respectively, which is lower than the clinically required cut-off level. The assay showed: acceptable intra-assay precision within 20 % and recovery in the range of 76–111.2 %. MI compared well with the established immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) with r = 0.98, p < 0.01 (n = 41). No cross-reactivity was seen between the immobilized antibodies. Although two hormones are addressed in this report, MI using PC TEM and isotopic/non-isotopic tracers has the potential for highly automated multiplexed analysis. 相似文献
13.
Sanju Jalla Sunil Sazawal Saikat Deb Robert E. Black Maharaj K. Bhan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):69-74
The development of monoclonal antibodies combined with flow cytometry has revolutionized the analysis of lymphocyte subsets.
These newer methods using the Q-prep leucocyte preparation system require only 1–2 ml of blood as compared to 10 ml required
traditionally. One of the main impediments in the use of this superior technology in Indian laboratories has been the high
cost of reagents. This study evaluated methods to reduce the cost of assays. In the first experiment from 26 healthy subjects,
2ml venous blood samples in EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra-acetate) were obtained. Each sample was divided into two equal portions,
one portion was stained using diluted monoclonal antibody, whereas the other portion was stained using standard concentrations
of antibodies. In the second experiment, blood samples from 12 subjects were again divided into 2 portions; one portion of
each pair was processed using commercial Q-prep reagents while the other portion was processed using our own reagents. In
the first experiment, which evaluated use of a diluted antibody against the standard recommended concentrations, a 5-tube
panel that estimated CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 was used. In the second experiment CD3, CD4 and CD8 were estimated. The total cost
per sample for a 5-panel estimation was however reduced from $39.11 to $1.10.
Given the proven advantages of using a whole blood stain-lyse method for T cell subset estimations, its use should be encouraged
in developing country settings. With the suggested methods the whole blood Q-prep could be performed at appreciably reduced
costs, without loss in precision. 相似文献
14.
Immunoassay is one of the important applications of microfluidic chips and many methodologies were reported for decreasing sample∕reagent volume, shortening assay time, and so on. Micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (micro-ELISA) is our method that utilizes packed microbeads in the microfluidic channel and the immunoreactions are induced on the beads surface. Due to the large surface-to-volume ratio and small analytical volume, excellent performances have been verified in assay time and sample∕reagent volume. In order to realize the micro-ELISA, one of the important processes is the immobilization of antibody on the beads surface. Previously, the immobilization process was performed in a macroscale tube by physisorption of antibody, and long time (2 h) and large amount of antibody (or high concentration) were required for the immobilization. In addition, the processes including the reaction and washing were laborious, and changing the analyte was not easy. In this research, we integrated the immobilization process into a microfluidic chip by applying the avidin-biotin surface chemistry. The integration enabled very fast (1 min) immobilization with very small amount of precious antibody consumption (100 ng) for one assay. Because the laborious immobilization process can be automatically performed on the microfluidic chip, ELISA method became very easy. On-demand immunoassay was also possible just by changing the antibodies without using large amount of precious antibodies. Finally, the analytical performance was investigated by measuring C-reactive protein and good performance (limit of detection <20 ng∕ml) was verified. 相似文献
15.
M. Banerjee S. Bhattacharyya C. Das 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1999,14(1):19-25
A simple, highly sensitive, direct, competitive ELISA for human serum testosterone has been indigenously developed. Specific
antisera against testosterone were raised in rabbits using testosterone—3carboxymethyl oxime (CMO)—bovine serum albumin (BSA)
as the antigen. For the enzyme conjugate, testoterone—3CMO was coupled with horse raddish peroxidase by the active ester method.
The standard curve covered a wide range from 3.9 pg/ml to 500 pg/ml. The inter and intra-assay variation were found to be
low and within the acceptable limits. Specificity and accuracy for the assay was established by having negligible crossreactivity
with the related steroids and an excellent parallelism between the sample and standard dilution curve. Samples measured by
RIA and ELISA showed very high degree of correlation (r=0.991). 相似文献
16.
T. Malati G. Rajani Kumari I. Dinakar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1995,10(2):72-76
Humoral immune response against PPD derived A60 antigen was evaluated by quantification of serum A60 antibodies in thrity healthy adults not exposed to tuberculosis (Group 1), in twenty seven healthy adults exposed to tuberculosis patients i.e. staff working in wards of tuberculosis hospital for one to thirty years (group 2), in twenty five pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Institute for Chest Diseases, Hyderabad (Group 3) and in sixty neurotuberculosis patients admitted to Neurosurgery department of our institute (Group 4). Highly significant elevation of A60 antibodies was observed in pulmonary tuberculosis patients (p<0.01) compared to healthy adult groups. A significant elevation in serum was also observed in case of neurotuberculosis group compared to both healthy groups (p<0.01). A test on A60 antibodies in serum gavv a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.6%, positive predictive value of 81% and negative predictive value of 100% for pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas a sensitivity of 58%, positive predictive value of 79% and negative predictive value of 75% were noted for neurotuberculosis patients. Results of A60 antibodies in ten cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) obtained from non tuberculosis patients and thirty two CSF from patients of neurotuberculosis did not show significant elevation of antibodies. However the ninetyfive percentile value of CSF A60 antibodies was higher in neurotuberculosis (7.4 U/ml) group compared to nontuberculous group (3.8 U/ml) and the test showed a good positive predictive value (83%), very low negative predictive value (25%) and low sensitivity (63%). Serum A60 antibody assay appears to be a good serological marker available today for pulmonary tuberculosis and a supportive marker for neurotuberculosis. 相似文献
17.
Lakshmi Lavanya Reddy Swarup A. V. Shah Alpa J. Dherai Chandrashekhar K. Ponde Tester F. Ashavaid 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):87-92
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term for a range of clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia. It results in functional and structural changes and ultimately releasing protein from injured cardiomyocytes. These cardiac markers play a major role in diagnosis and prognosis of ACS. This study aims to assess the efficacy of heart type fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) as a marker for ACS along with the routinely used hs-TropT. In our observational study, plasma h-FABP (cut-off 6.32 ng/ml) and routinely done hs-Trop T (cutoff 0.1 and 0.014 ng/ml) were estimated by immunometric laboratory assays in 88 patients with acute chest pain. Based on the clinical and laboratory test findings the patients were grouped into ACS (n = 41) and non-ACS (n = 47). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV and ROC curve at 95 % CI were determined. Sensitivity of hs-TropT (0.1 ng/ml), hs-TropT (0.014 ng/ml) and h-FABP were 53, 86 and 78 % respectively and specificity for the same were 98, 73 and 70 % respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and NPV calculated for a cut-off combination of hs-TropT 0.014 ng/ml and h-FABP was 100, 51 and 100 % respectively. These results were substantiated by ROC analysis. Measurement of plasma h-FABP and hs-TropT together on admission appears to be more precise predictor of ACS rather than either hs-Trop T or h-FABP. 相似文献
18.
Meena Desai U. M. Donde M. Ikram Khatkhatay 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):127-131
Baseline data available on the excretory profiles of estrone giucuronide (E1G), pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) and luteinising hormone (LH) on human menstrual cycles (n=104) was retrospectively analysed
for identifying the limits of fertile period (FP) to be used as natural method of family planning. The limits of fertile period
are suggested based on centile distribution of E1G and PdG levels during defined phase of menstrual cycle. Two approaches, which do not involve any mathematical calculation
are suggested. In approach A, fertile period is said to have started when E1G value of 35 ng/ml is reached and is said to have ended when the PdG value of 2 μg/ml on two consecutive days is obtained.
The criteria were applied to 30 test cycles in whom authentic fertile period was identified based on excretory profiles of
E1G, PdG and LH throughout the menstrual cycles. When approach A was followed the authentic fertile period was covered in 27
cycles giving an accuracy of 90% with a mean fertile period length of 9.11+1.9 days. In approach B, the cut off limit of E1G value was increased to 55 ng/ml in order to reduce the days of abstinence. Though the length of the fertile period was reduced
to 7.2+1.5 days the accuracy of the approach was 66.6%. Thus the approach A which has accuracy of 90% may appeal to determined
couples who wish to practice family planning by periodic abstinence or restrict the use of barrier methods. 相似文献
19.
Ritesh Gupta H. Krishna Prasad Kalpana M. Nagarkar A. B. Dey 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(1):40-43
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several non-infectious and infectious diseases
including tuberculosis. In a prospective longitudinal study, TNF-α level in blood was estimated by sandwich ELISA using anti
human TNF-α antibody, in 22 patients with active pleuro-pulmonary and lymphnode tuberculosis before and after chemotherapy
and 8 healthy controls. Six patients and six controls had detectable levels (> 5 pg/ml) of TNF-α in blood. The mean TNF-α
levels in controls and cases before and after treatment were 182.4pg/ml, 896.7 pg/ml and 678.7pg/ml pg/ml respectively. Though
not statistically significant, there was a trend towards younger age, shorter duration of symptoms, presence of fever and
anorexia, and high ESR, in patient with high serum TNF-α levels. 相似文献
20.
Moushumi Lodh Binita Goswami Nikhil Gupta Surajeet K. Patra Alpana Saxena 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(4):410-413
Multiple myeloma is a disseminated malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells that accounts for 15 % of all hematological cancers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of inflammation and oxidant-antioxidant dynamics in the etiology of this disease. The study population comprised of 20 cases of multiple myeloma and 20 healthy controls. The parameters evaluated were serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ferritin levels. The serum MDA levels were 1.9 ± 0.96 nmol/ml in cases as compared to 0.98 ± 0.55 nmol/ml in the controls. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was noted in the SOD and ferritin levels between the cases and controls (93.2 ± 23.8 vs. 210.1 ± 190.5 U/ml and 285.8 ± 216.4 vs. 131.8 ± 30.1 ng/ml respectively). Our study highlights the imbalance in the oxidant-anti oxidant mechanism and the role of smoldering inflammation in the etiology of multiple myeloma. 相似文献