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水氮互作对水稻茎叶中氮形态及部分无机元素含量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟水稻干旱胁迫方法，研究了水氮逆境下不同品种水稻茎叶氮素形态及部分无机离子含量的变化．研究结果表明，干旱胁迫使水稻茎叶中可溶性蛋白(SP)、全P、Na^ 含量降低，而对水稻体内全氮(TN)、蛋白态氮(prN)、非蛋白态氮(NprN)及K^ 、Ca^2 、Mg^2 含量的影响因品种而异，且与供氮水平有关．干旱胁迫下，氮素营养可明显增加水稻茎叶可溶性蛋白(SP)、全氮(TN)、蛋白氮(prN)及非蛋白氮(NprN)、全P、K^ 、Na^ 含量，但对Ca2^2 及Mg^2 含量的影响具有品种间差异性。 相似文献
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干旱逆境对不同品种水稻生长、渗透调节物质含量及保护酶活性的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
采用PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫研究表明,干旱胁迫后不同水、陆稻品种茎叶所受生长抑制强于根系所受抑制,但是旱稻品种巴西陆稻对干旱逆境具有较强的生长适应能力,与常规稻品种相比,旱稻品种巴西陆稻所受的生长抑制相对较小。干旱胁迫条件下,不同水陆稻品种叶片中可溶性糖(SS)含量、游离氨基酸总量(TFA)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、POD活性、CAT活性均呈一致的上升趋势,且旱稻品种巴西陆稻具有较强的有机渗透调节能力和酶促抗氧化能力,干旱胁迫后其叶片中各相应指标的变化幅度均显著高于常规稻品种。 相似文献
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采用盆栽试验,以两种基因型水稻作为研究对象,研究在低镉浓度污染下,适当提高土壤磷肥浓度含量水稻产量的影响情况。结果表明,在两种供磷水平下,水稻的产量存在较大的基因型差异,优质品种在镉耐受性是优于高产品种。低镉污染对水稻产量影响有限,提高磷肥浓度能够改善低镉污染对水稻产量的影响。 相似文献
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不同钾营养水平的水稻冠层和叶片光谱特征研究初报 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
水稻水培盆栽试验结果表明，不同钾营养水平水稻的冠层光谱和叶片光谱反射率，从可见光至中红外均存在着有规律和显著的差异，这就使利用冠层和叶片光谱分析来诊断水稻钾营养水平及估测含量有了可能，从已有的结果来看，与冠层光谱相比，叶片光谱分析在建立专一性较高的钾诊断模式上有其优势．本文还就提高光谱分析诊断水稻钾营养水平的正确性及精度的途径作了讨论 相似文献
5.
不同品种黄瓜幼苗光合机构对盐胁迫的响应 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
研究了盐胁迫(0、25、50mmol／L)对不同品种黄瓜幼苗生长、光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响．结果表明，盐胁迫，尤其是高浓度NaCl(50mmol／L)的胁迫，显著降低黄瓜幼苗生长量、叶绿素含量、光系统Ⅱ光合电子传递量子效率(φPSⅡ)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)以及气孔限制值(Ls)，同时显著提高叶片相对电导率、丙二醛、脯氨酸含量和细胞间CO2浓度(Ci)，光系统Ⅱ的光化学效率(Fv／Fm)变化不大．盐胁迫对耐盐黄瓜‘津研4号’幼苗生长的影响小于盐敏感黄瓜‘津绿4号’，这可能与耐盐黄瓜在盐胁迫下较高的净光合速率、光系统Ⅱ光合电子传递量子效率和较低的丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率有关。 相似文献
6.
杂交水稻伤流液游离氨基酸的变化及其与地上部关系初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根系在植物整体中的作用,日益受到人们的重视。为探明杂交水稻根系生理优势的内在物质基础,我们于1983—84年,分析测定了大田杂交水稻和在不同育秧方式下的伤流液游离氨基酸含量变化、籽粒蛋白质氨基酸组分及伤流液游离氨基酸的昼夜变化。根据试验要求,选用我省广泛推广的杂交水稻汕优6号(珍汕97A×IR 26)为材料, 相似文献
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海藻糖是一种由两个葡萄糖分子通过,α-α1,1糖苷键连接的非还原性双糖,广泛存在于微生物、动物和植物体内,对生物大分子的活性具有良好的保护效果,对生物体抗逆性起着重要作用。铝是地壳中含量最为丰富的金属元素,是一种严重的环境毒剂,在酸性环境中,对生物生长有重要影响。本文采用酿酒酵母菌株LK及其耐铝突变株LKt,分析它们胞内海藻糖含量的差异,研究铝胁迫下胞内海藻糖的变化。研究结果表明海藻糖含量的提高可明显增加酵母细胞在铝胁迫时的存活率。耐铝突变株LKt在铝胁迫下诱导产生海藻糖的能力显著高于原始菌株LK;酿酒酵母菌株中海藻糖诱导合成积累含量与其耐铝性存在密切正关系,是酵母主要耐铝机制之一。 相似文献
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通过对伊犁河谷地区四种典型土地利用类型（耕地,草地,园地和林地）0~60cm土层深度土壤有机碳含量与理化性质（速效氮、磷、钾,蔗糖酶活性,脲酶活性,过氧化氢酶活性）进行测定并分析土壤有机碳与理化性质的剖面分布特征及内在联系。结果表明：有机碳含量、速效氮、磷、钾、蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶的含量都随着土壤深度增加而降低。其中草地的有机碳含量、耕地的速效氮含量、园地的速效钾、速效磷含量、林地的蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性都高于其余三种土地利用方式。耕地的有机碳含量与速效氮、速效钾、速效磷和蔗糖酶活性在0.01水平上显著相关,园地的有机碳含量与速效氮、钾,脲酶和过氧化氢酶在0.01水平上显著相关,草地的有机碳含量与速效氮、磷、钾和两种酶活性（蔗糖酶和脲酶）呈极显著相关（P<0.01）,林地的有机碳含量与速效钾,脲酶和过氧化氢酶呈极显著相关（P<0.01）。 相似文献
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根箱法解析大豆苗期根际养分分布及吸收特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
植物影响根际微生态系统特征。应用根箱法对2个大豆基因型的苗期养分（N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu）吸收及其在根际分布特征进行了研究。结果表明，高产基因型北丰11 对N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn和Cu的吸收量均显著高于低产基因型海9731，其单位根长、根表面积吸收N、P、Ca和Mg的量亦较高，其根系吸收活力较强。土壤有效养分在根际的分布趋势不同，有效N和Mn在0–4 mm范围内的含量高于非根际区（>10 mm），而P、K、Mg和Cu在根面区表现一定程度的亏缺。2个基因型间根际养分差含量异较大，除K和Fe外，其它营养元素在北丰11根面和近根面区的含量均不同程度地高于海9731。北丰11根际0–6 mm的范围内pH较低。 相似文献
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本文基于野外实测剖面数据,借助于数理统计方法探讨了采样点尺度上土地利用和地形因子（海拔、坡度和坡向）对伊犁新垦区表层土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾含量分布特征的影响。结果表明：①土地利用类型对表层土壤的有机质、全氮和全磷有显著性影响,而对全钾的影响不显著;②不同地形因子对表层土壤养分要素影响的显著性各异。4种养分含量与海拔呈极显著正相关,在500～600m梯度平均含量均最低,600～700m梯度波动范围均最大;有机质、全氮和全钾在高海拔梯度的平均含量高于低海拔的含量,全磷的平均含量随着海拔升高呈倒U型分布;③有机质和全氮与坡度呈显著正相关,3°以上的平均含量显著高于3°以下;在坡度〈1.82°时,4种养分含量的波动范围最大;④全磷与坡向呈显著负相关;阴坡的各种养分因子的平均含量不同程度的高于阳坡的含量;除全钾外,各种养分因子在阳坡的波动范围均大于阴坡的范围;⑤土地利用类型与地形条件的交互作用对表层土壤养分含量存在影响。在不同地形条件下,不同土地利用类型间的表层土壤养分含量高低情况存在差异,表现在较高海拔、较大坡度和阴坡上中覆被草地的有机质含量明显高于农田和低覆被草地,而在较低海拔、较小坡度和阳坡上则情况相反。 相似文献
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为了进一步鉴定评价水稻新品种的丰产性、适应性、抗逆性等主要特征特性，为品种引进、宣传推广和筛选主导品种提供科学依据，特开展了现代农业晚稻新品种展示田间试验，试验结果表明：天丰优19、汕优736、天优华占、天丰优6418等几个优质品种有显著的增产效应和经济效益，值得大力推广。 相似文献
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Mohamed El-Shahat Ebeid Kadry Abdel-Kader El-Bakry 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(3):234-240
The present study aimed to estimate the cellular immune response to infection by different HCV genotypes in some Egyptian
patients with chronic liver disease. HCV-RNA and HCV genotypes were conducted using type-specific primers to amplify the core
region of HCV genome. The levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, PIIINP, SOD enzyme were also determined. The results showed that
genotype 4 was the prevalent one (88.57%).Genotype 3 was found mixed with genotype 2 and 4 (11.42% and 34.28% respectively).
Genotype 1 was absent from patients under study. No significant differences were observed in the level of IFN-gamma interferon,
SOD enzyme and ALT enzyme between those genotypes. On the other hand the level of TNF-alpha was greatly increased in patients
infected with mixed HCV genotypes 3, 4 compared with patients with genotype 4 and those infected with mixed genotypes 2, 3.
Otherwise PIIINP was decreased significantly of the same group compared with other groups. 相似文献
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Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) deficiency is an extremely rare inherited mitochondrial disorder of fat metabolism.
This belongs to a group of diseases known as fatty acid oxidation disorders. Screening programmes have provided evidence that
all the fatty acid oxidation disorders combined are among the most common inborn errors of metabolism. Mitochondrial beta
oxidation of fatty acids is an essential energy producing pathway. It is a particularly important pathway during prolonged
periods of starvation and during periods of reduced caloric intake due to gastrointestinal illness or increased energy expenditure
during febrile illness. The most common presentation is an acute episode of life threatening coma and hypoglycemia induced
by a period of fasting due to defective hepatic ketogenesis. Here, the case of a 4 month old female patient who had seizures
since the third day of her birth and persistent hypoglycemia is described. She was born to parents of second degree consanguinity
after 10 years of infertility treatment. There was history of delayed cry after birth. Metabolic screening for TSH, galactosemia,
17-OHP, G6PD, cystic fibrosis, biotinidase were normal. Tandem mass spectrometric (TMS) screening for blood amino acids, organic
acids, fatty acids showed elevated butyryl carnitine (C4) as 3.40 μmol/L (normal <2.00 μmol/L), hexanoyl carnitine (C6) as
0.92 μmol/L (normal <0.72 μmol/L), C4/C3 as 2.93 μmol/L (normal <1.18 μmol/L). The child was started immediately on carnitor
syrup (carnitine) 1/2 ml twice daily. Limitation of fasting stress and dietary fat was advised. Baby responded well by gaining
weight and seizures were controlled. Until now, less than 25 patients have been reported worldwide. The limited number of
patients diagnosed until now is due to the rarity of the disorder resulting in under diagnosis. 相似文献
17.
《Electronic Journal of Biotechnology》2014,17(1):6-13
BackgroundThe quality of wheat grain depends on several characteristics, among which the composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits, encoded by Glu-1 loci, are the most important. Application of biotechnological tools to accelerate the attainment of homozygous lines may influence the proportion of segregated genotypes. The objective was to determine, whether the selection pressure generated by the methods based on in vitro cultures, may cause a loss of genotypes with desirable Glu-1 alleles.ResultsHomozygous lines were derived from six winter wheat crosses by pollination with maize (DH-MP), anther culture (DH-AC) and single seed descent (SSD) technique. Androgenetically-derived plants that originated from the same callus were examined before chromosome doubling using allele-specific and microsatellite markers. It was found that segregation distortion in SSD and DH-MP populations occurred only in one case, whereas in anther-derived lines they were observed in five out of six analyzed combinations.ConclusionsSegregation distortion in DH-AC populations was caused by the development of more than one plant of the same genotype from one callus. This distortion was minimized if only one plant per callus was included in the population. Selection of haploid wheat plants before chromosome doubling based on allele-specific markers allows us to choose genotypes that possess desirable Glu-1 alleles and to reduce the number of plants in the next steps of DH production. The SSD technique appeared to be the most advantageous in terms of Mendelian segregation, thus the occurrence of residual heterozygosity can be minimized by continuous selfing beyond the F6 generation. 相似文献
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水稻对锗元素的吸收特性及其在体内分布规律的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在液培条件下研究了晚籼杂交组合汕优６３苗期吸收锗元素的某些特性，测定了该试材抽穗期锗元素在各器官间分布特征，并对Ｇｅ—Ｓｉ互作特征进行了研究．结果表明，溶解在营养液中的锗元素能迅速地为稻苗吸收并运往地上部，地上部（尤其是叶片和叶鞘）具有更强的锗元素富集能力，锗与硅两元素在吸收机制上存在竞争拮抗效应 相似文献