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基于我国研究型大学面临的形势需求和技术转移障碍,首先解析了模块化推动创新的理论内涵,讨论了组织模块化对于技术转移的调节作用,并构建了组织模块化下研究型大学的技术转移关联组织模型。在此基础上,以MIT、斯坦福大学和哈佛大学为例系统地探索了其技术转移管理实践。最后,文章还针对我国研究型大学开展技术转移工作给出了若干启示。研究发现,组织模块化有利于调节研究型大学的技术转移产出和效率,主要体现在：（1）从外部看,政府牵引、高校约束和产业联动所形成的三股力量,构成了促进大学技术转移的协同创新基础架构;（2）从内部看,在研究型大学设置能力专业且独立运作的技术转移办公室,可以起到连接科技创新供给侧和需求端的重要枢纽功能;辅以组织模块之间的协同机制,还可以推动研究型大学组织体系（教育教学?科技创新?技术转移）的良性运转。 相似文献
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英国大学专利技术转移研究及其借鉴意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
英国大学不仅在研究水平方面而且在与产业界的合作方面均处于全球领先的地位.本文以英国大学专利技术转移活动为研究对象,首先介绍了英国大学专利技术转移活动在许可合同数量和收入两个方面的情况,继而提出英国大学的大学技术转移中心和国家大学技术转移协会是大学专利技术转移活动的重要组织保障,优秀的研究成果和商业化、国际化意识的培养是大学专利技术转移活动的先决条件,政府法律法规的设立和政府项目的支持是大学专利技术转移活动的指导因素.最后,提出了英国大学专利技术转移对我国大学专利技术转移活动的借鉴意义. 相似文献
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麻省理工大学与清华大学技术转移做法比较研究及启示 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
知识经济时代,大学技术转移已成为世界各国关注的重要问题.本文通过对美国MIT的技术许可的体制机制进行分析,并通过与我国清华大学技术转移体系的比较研究,提出促进我国大学技术转移的相关政策建议. 相似文献
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适应国家技术转移促进行动构建新型技术转移体系的需要,大力促进大学技术转移,加强大学技术转移体系建设意义重大。针对大学技术转移体系建设存在的问题,结合国家技术转移促进行动的实施,应从技术转移机构建设、知识产权管理办法、科技人员评价机制、专业人员培训等多方面加强新型大学技术转移体系建设。 相似文献
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我国大学技术转移的发展与问题 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
本义指出我国大学R＆D人员数量、职务发明专利数和重大科技成果数已超过研发机构，并呈持续增长趋势，大学将成为我国公共研究的主要力量。我国促进大学技术转移的政策重点已从奖励和税收优惠措施转向知泌产权激励制度建没，但大学技术转移缺乏专业化服务，发展缓慢。建立专业化的技术转移服务体系，是“十一五”时期我国促进大学技术转移的工作重点。 相似文献
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通过对美国、日本大学技术转移机构的发展和运行机制比较,分析大学技术转移模式之一的OTL发展的主要原因、OTL的技术转移效果,对大学专利许可机构发展的相关问题进行了制度比较分析。提出促进大学技术转移成为主要国家创新政策的重点;进一步在操作层面明确研究成果的知识产权归属权益;在我国现有大学技术转移中心基础上,通过试点,建立一批专业的大学专利许可机构。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献