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本文主要探究了初中二年级的学生 (13、14岁 )在学习生态系统这一内容时所持有的错误观念。通过对比教学前与教学后学生概念改变的状况 ,分析了在课堂教学中实施建构主义教学方法的教学效果。研究结果显示 ,将建构主义理论应用于生物课堂教学 ,能够提高教学效率和促进学生的错误观念的改变。 相似文献
2.
论建构主义教学模式如何改变学生“纸上谈兵”的学习方式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
范定慧 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2009,28(1)
现在学生学习总是擅长于书本知识,而忽视了知识的应用,于是出现了现代"纸上谈兵"的现象。要想解决学生的这种学习方式,应该从教师的教学模式入手,首先教师要树立建构主义教学理念,转变传统教学方式;其次教师应在建构主义教学思想指导下进行教学实践,这就要求教师要熟悉建构主义的学习特点和教学特点,以及如何在这一思想指导下进行教学设计;最后,建构主义对传统教学来说是一个挑战,实施起来比较困难,这不能不引起我们对建构主义教学模式进行反思。 相似文献
3.
西方科学教学中概念转变学习理论的形成与发展 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
概念转变学习是一种建构主义科学教学理论.本文从历史的角度回顾了概念转变学习理论的形成与发展的过程,着重分析了概念转变模型与概念生态等问题. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between teachers’ (N = 69) participation in constructivist chemistry professional development (PD) and enhancement of content (CK) and pedagogical
content knowledge (PCK) (representational thinking and conceptual change strategies) and self-efficacy (PSTE). Quantitative
measures assessed CK, PCK, and PSTE. Document analysis focused on PCK. Elementary teachers gained CK, PCK, PSTE, and designed
lessons to advance thinking from macroscopic to abstract models. Middle/secondary teachers gained PSTE, PCK, and introduced
macroscopic models to develop understanding of previously taught abstract models. All implemented representational thinking
and conceptual change strategies. Results suggest that: (1) constructivist PD meets the needs of teachers of varying CK, and
(2) instruction should connect representational models with alternative conceptions, integrating radical and social constructivism. 相似文献
6.
This study investigated the effectiveness of combining conceptual change text and discussion web strategies on students' understanding
of photosynthesis and respiration in plants. Students' conceptual understanding of photosynthesis and respiration in plants
was measured using the two-tier diagnostic test developed by Haslam and Treagust (1987, Journal of Biological Education 21: 203--211). The test was administered as pretest and posttest to a total of 233 eighth-grade students in six intact classes
of the same school located in an urban area. The test of logical thinking was used to determine the reasoning ability of students.
The experimental group was a class of 116 students received discussion web and conceptual change text instruction. A class
of 117 students comprised the control group received a traditional instruction. After instruction, data were analyzed with
two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using the Test of Logical Thinking and pretest scores as covariate. The conceptual
change instruction, which explicitly dealt with students' misconceptions, produced significantly greater achievement in understanding
of photosynthesis and respiration in plant concepts. Analysis also revealed a significant difference between performance of
females and that of males in the favor of females, but the interaction of treatment with gender difference was not significant
for learning the concepts. 相似文献
7.
建构主义对科学教育理论的贡献与局限 总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33
建构主义在教育上的贡献主要在于在教育思想上进一步强调了认知主体的主动性 ,在科学教育上指出了科学知识学习的困难性。但激进的建构主义认识论和方法论在根本上有悖于科学理性 ,将认知主体的主动性和科学学习的困难性夸大为科学知识不可传授 ,这给教育研究和实践带来了混乱。在我国进行科学教育理论探索和实践的过程中 ,在应用建构主义原理发展学生的自主性的同时 ,应注意防止激进的建构主义的负面影响 相似文献
8.
个性化阅读教学是对传统语文阅读教学的反思和改进,在本质上和建构主义的核心知识观、学习观、教学观具有趋同性。在建构主义视域下,个性化阅读可以被定义为:学生个体在自身已有的经验基础上,以文本的语言符号为建构对象,在阅读共同体中建构意义的学习型阅读。教学实践中,个性化阅读主要存在教学可行性的困惑、教师的角色困惑、教学设计的困惑这三方面的困惑。为消除困惑,本文分别以建构主义的知识观、学习观和社会建构主义的教学观等加以理论应对。 相似文献
9.
Refik Dilber Ibrahim Karaman Bahattin Duzgun 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(3):203-222
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of conceptual change-based instruction and traditionally designed physics instruction on students' understanding of projectile motion concepts. Misconceptions related to projectile motion concepts were determined by related literature on this subject. Accordingly, the Projectile Motion Concepts Test was developed. The data were obtained through 43 students in an experimental group taught with learning activities based on conceptual change instruction and 39 students in a control group who followed traditional classroom instruction. The results showed that conceptual change-based instruction caused significantly better acquisition of conceptual change of projectile motion concepts than the traditional instruction. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the cooperative learning approach based on conceptual change conditions
over traditional instruction on 10th grade students' conceptual understanding and achievement of computational problems related
to chemical equilibrium concepts. The subjects of this study consisted of 87 tenth grade students from two intact classes
of a Chemistry Course instructed by the same teacher. One of the classes was randomly assigned as the experimental group,
which was instructed with cooperative learning approach based on conceptual change conditions and the other class was assigned
as the control group, which was instructed with traditional instruction. Chemical Equilibrium Concept Test (CECT) was administered
to the experimental and the control groups as pre- and post-tests to measure the students' conceptual understanding, and Chemical
Equilibrium Achievement Test (CEAT) was administered to the experimental and the control groups as a post-test to measure
the students' achievements related to computational problems. Science Process Skills Test was used at the beginning of the
study to determine the students' science process skills. Multivariate Analysis of Covariate (MANCOVA) was used to analyze
the data. The results showed that students in the experimental group had better conceptual understanding, and achievement
of computational problems related to the chemical equilibrium concepts. Furthermore, students' science process skills were
accounted for a significant portion of variations in conceptual understanding and achievements related to the computational
problems. 相似文献
12.
建构主义学习理论作为促进教育、教学改革的主流理论为我们全面推进素质教育,成功面对知识经济与信息技术的挑战,缩小英语学习现状与时代发展要求之间的落差,帮助学生主动建构起适应21世纪发展需要的英语知识网络体系,提供了有力的理论依据.从建构主义学习理论的观点来看,学生的英语学习过程并不是一个学生对教师所传授的英语知识的被动接受过程,而是一个以学生已有的知识和经验为基础的积极的"个人意义建构"过程. 相似文献
13.
Paul Adams 《Education 3-13》2013,41(3):243-257
In the drive to improve standards, the collection and dissemination of numerical data still directs much contemporary educational policy. However, recent publications and debates seemingly attempt to reorient discussion from performance to learning. In support, constructivism is often referenced as a contributor in this endeavour. However, constructivism is not a single unified theory either of knowledge or pedagogy. This article identifies one version of constructivist thinking, social constructivism, both in terms of its underlying epistemology (theory of knowledge) and related pedagogy. Contemporary educational theories are then outlined to demonstrate that many practical solutions and theoretical ideas now presented as ‘good learning and teaching’ have much in common with social constructivist thinking. Finally, the article concludes by identifying two issues that require further discussion and debate if pedagogy of a social constructivist nature is to be considered. 相似文献
14.
论建构主义理论在高职教育的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
郑海斌 《山东教育学院学报》2008,23(3):56-58
根据建构主义理论的基本观点,总结建构主义学习环境下的教学设计原则,探讨建构主义理论指导下的教学模式,并结合高职教育的实际,举例说明支架式教学、抛锚式教学、随机进入教学三种教学模式在高职教育中的应用。通过建构主义理论的指导,努力培养具有基础理论知识适度、解决问题能力强、职业素质高等特点的高职人才。 相似文献
15.
Barney Dalgarno 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2001,32(2):183-194
The changes that have occurred in accepted approaches to teaching and learning in recent years have been underpinned by shifts in psychological and pedagogical theory, culminating in moves towards a constructivist view of learning. This paper looks at the consequences of these theoretical shifts for Computer Assisted Learning (CAL).
Moshman has identified three interpretations of constructivism: endogenous constructivism which emphasises learner exploration, exogenous constructivism which recognises the role of direct instruction, but with an emphasis on learners actively constructing their own knowledge representations and dialectical constructivism which emphasises the role of interaction between learners, their peers and teachers. This classification scheme provides a framework for looking at the various constructivist approaches to CAL.
For example, constructivist CAL materials that draw on the endogenous view include hypermedia environments, simulations and microworlds. Materials that draw on the exogenous view include learner controlled tutorials, cognitive tools and practice modules. Lastly, materials that draw on the dialectical view include Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) tools and support (or scaffolding) tools. 相似文献
Moshman has identified three interpretations of constructivism: endogenous constructivism which emphasises learner exploration, exogenous constructivism which recognises the role of direct instruction, but with an emphasis on learners actively constructing their own knowledge representations and dialectical constructivism which emphasises the role of interaction between learners, their peers and teachers. This classification scheme provides a framework for looking at the various constructivist approaches to CAL.
For example, constructivist CAL materials that draw on the endogenous view include hypermedia environments, simulations and microworlds. Materials that draw on the exogenous view include learner controlled tutorials, cognitive tools and practice modules. Lastly, materials that draw on the dialectical view include Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) tools and support (or scaffolding) tools. 相似文献
16.
Hsiu-Mei Huang 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2002,33(1):27-37
Since online learning has a different setting from the conventional classroom, online educators need to use some special techniques and perceptions to lead to success. Moreover, adults have special needs and requirements as learners compared with children and adolescents, thus online educators should know how adults can learn best because of their special characteristics. Philosophical and methodological shifts also affect instruction. Many researchers have suggested that constructivism should be applied in distance education. Thus, this paper attempts to examine the impact of constructivism in online learning environments when focusing on adult learners. The author develops the connection between constructivism and adult learning theory. In addition, the paper proposes instructional guidelines using the constructivist approach in online learning for adults. 相似文献
17.
A constructivist framework was used in conjunction with an interpretive methodology to investigate the effect of an intervention using the metaphor “learning is constructing” on students' metacognition and learning processes. The metaphor was used to communicate with students regarding learning processes consistent with constructivism. Students were initially found to be generally non‐metacognitive regarding their learning processes. Despite some students possessing metacognitive knowledge consistent with a constructivist learning orientation, their pre‐intervention views and preferences in relation to teaching and learning were predominantly consistent with transmission models. The effect of the intervention on students' metacognition was variable. Some students became increasingly metacognitive and reported evidence of revision of their learning processes. Others reported little or no effect. The effects of the intervention can be partially explained by considering changes to students' metacognition as conceptual change. However, this study also shows that contextual factors are key determinants of students' propensity to enhance their metacognition and learning processes. This study highlights the potential of using metaphor as a means to assist teachers and students develop a shared language of learning in classroom settings. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 222–259, 2001 相似文献
18.
Marilyn Leask 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2013,22(1-2):117-134
Abstract This article explores communal constructivism as a unifying theory that encapsulates the ways in which information and communications technology (ICT) enables learners to collaboratively create knowledge. The authors review the research outcomes from several international ICT projects in the light of communal constructivist learning theory, which provides a rationale and explanations for some of their findings exploring the effectiveness of new pedagogical practices emerging in ICT-rich innovative learning environments. They argue that the term ‘communal constructivism’ conveys a meaning that captures specific elements of the additional value that various forms of ICT bring to learning environments, specifically the different forms of virtual and real community building, as well as the different ways in which knowledge is constructed, shared and reconstructed, published and republished by both teachers and learners alike. The aim of the article is to start the debate about communal constructivism as a unifying theory for aspects of ICT pedagogy, and to identify some of the characteristics of ICTrich learning environments where the authors suggest communal constructivist pedagogy is in operation. 相似文献
19.
Sharon J. Derry 《教育心理学家》2013,48(3-4):163-174
Cognitive constructivism is not a unique theoretical framework, pedagogical approach, or epistemology, but a general, metaphorical assumption about the nature of cognition that virtually all cognitive educational researchers accept. Despite this unifying assumption, there are many different cognitive constructivist research programs and theories within the community at large. This article contrasts cognitive constructivism with several other forms of constructivism in the educational research community. It then attempts to represent the range of theoretical approaches within cognitive constructivism, pointing to examples and potential educational applications of cognitive constructivist ideas. Cognitive schema theory receives special attention as an important theoretical perspective that has been relatively neglected in recent theoretical discussions. It is believed to have significant potential for building conceptual bridges between information processing and radical constructivist viewpoints. 相似文献
20.
环境教育案例教学的理论基础 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
张旭如 《山西师大学报(社会科学版)》2004,31(4):158-161
环境教育案例教学的理论基础包括知识基础、心理学基础和教育学基础:环境科学具有整体性和开放性的特点,为案例教学提供素材,是知识基础;人本主义强调教育要促进学生行为、态度与价值观的变化,建构主义认为学生对于知识的掌握是由个人的经验和心理结构等决定的,它们是心理学基础;范例教学理论提倡利用典型例子组织教学,情景教学理论认为客观的教学情景和学生自身的主动学习活动构成了学生发展的综合因素,它们是教育学基础。 相似文献