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基于中国教育追踪调查基线数据,本文研究了家庭的互联网接入对城乡初中生认知能力差距的影响.研究发现:城乡初中生在认知能力和家庭互联网接入率上均存在明显差距;在控制其他因素的情况下,OLS回归和PSM估计发现家庭互联网接入可以显著预测学生的认知能力;互联网接入对认知能力的影响效应不存在家庭社会经济背景之间的异质性,但是对城市户籍学生体现得更明显,这可能是因为城市学生的认知能力本身较高,更倾向于将互联网作为信息搜索和学习的手段;Oaxaca-Blinder差异分解表明,家庭互联网接入这一因素可以解释城乡学生认知差距的57％左右,并且这种影响主要来自两者在互联网使用回报率上的差异.通过教育信息化促进教育公平,应当从以下两方面努力:将教育信息化建设和应用的场域从学校扩展到家庭,关注学生在家庭的信息技术应用环境;将教育信息化建设的重点从硬件和平台建设转向关注学生的信息技术使用技能和信息素养. 相似文献
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《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(8):116-126
教育公平与提升教育质量是各国教育政策的目标,我国政府始也终将发展公平而有质量的教育作为教育工作的重点。本研究采用分层线性模型,基于中国教育追踪调查追访数据,探究我国初中阶段学校教育公平与质量之间的关系。研究发现:从质量维度来看,在剥离了学生背景因素、学校构成因素的影响后,各学校对学生认知能力发展的促进作用具有显著差异;从公平维度来看,各学校对不同认知能力基础、不同性别学生群体认知能力发展的促进作用存在显著差异;从质量维度与公平维度之间的关系来看,部分学校在促进学生认知能力发展方面具有高效能,且在缩小认知能力基础或性别等因素对于学生认知能力发展的影响方面也具有高效能,证明了学校教育可以兼顾公平与质量。 相似文献
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我国目前已基本实现义务教育有保障的目标,但仍然存在教育结果不公平的问题。基于中国教育追踪调查2013-2014学年的基线数据,分析家庭社会经济地位对初中生学业成绩的影响,以及父母监管、亲子交流、家长与学生朋辈群体互动、父母对子女的教育期望这4类家庭非货币性资源投入在两者之间的中介作用。研究发现：家庭社会经济地位能够显著正向预测初中生的学业成绩;4类家庭非货币性资源投入在两者间均发挥部分中介作用,能够降低家庭社会经济地位差距造成的初中生学业成绩差异。本研究可为初中阶段教育公平相关政策的制订提供参考依据,以期推动我国初中后阶段教育公平目标的实现。 相似文献
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基于中国教育追踪调查基线数据,研究通过构建多层线性模型,分析我国初中生家庭劳动现状,探究家庭劳动与初中生能力发展的关系。研究发现:12.1%的初中生不参与家庭劳动,且不同特征的初中生家庭劳动时间存在显著差异;1小时以内的家庭劳动有助于提高初中生学业成绩和认知能力;家庭劳动对初中生开放性、外倾性和宜人性等非认知能力有显著正向影响,有利于促进学生非认知能力的发展。因此,家长要重视劳动教育,在家庭教育中有机融入劳动教育,并且需遵循学生身心发展规律,开展合适的家庭劳动。同时,各方要积极构建以家庭为主体,以学校为引导,以社区为支持的内外交织、多元协同的家庭劳动教育体系。 相似文献
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教育公平托举民族未来,教育公平不仅是国家的基本教育政策,也是社会各界关注的热点.数字普惠金融能够通过提升家庭预期教育回报率、改变家庭教育偏好、放松家庭资源约束等渠道,提升家庭教育期望,推动教育公平.利用2014-2018年共三轮"中国家庭追踪调查"数据,研究数字普惠金融对家庭教育期望的影响及机制,发现三个特点:一是数字普惠金融总指标以及覆盖广度、使用深度分指标都能够促进家庭教育期望,但数字化程度并未产生显著的促进作用;二是数字普惠金融能够缓解性别歧视、城乡差异、收入分层、家庭教育背景差异、独生与非独生差异等"非自致性因素"造成的教育不公平现象;三是对于低社会资本、低文化资本、低外界信任、低智力水平以及不使用互联网的弱势群体,数字普惠金融未能体现教育公平效应.未来,应进一步拓展数字普惠金融的深度与针对性,利用数字普惠金融推动教育工作提质增效;加强对特殊群体的针对性帮扶,提升对弱势地区、弱势群体的普惠性;凸显教育资源配置的补偿原则,缩小禀赋差异对教育公平的影响. 相似文献
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利用中国教育追踪调查2014年数据(CEPS),比较分析了我国初中生课外补习支出现状,探讨了初中生课外补习支出的影响因素.研究结果显示:学习成绩、家庭因素、学校因素和地区因素均对学生课外补习支出有显著影响.学生学习成绩越好,学校质量越高,其课外补习支出越低,表明我国初中生的课外补习主要为"补差型";在我国初中阶段,有超过一半的学生在参加课外补习,而且学生课外补习支出占家庭教育总支出的比重也越来越大,加重了许多家庭特别是弱势阶层家庭的经济负担.政府应高度重视课外补习,规范和管理课外补习市场,努力提高主流教育质量,向社会弱势阶层家庭提供课外补习费用等补贴,从而促进义务教育的公平及均衡发展. 相似文献
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处境不利学生克服弱势家庭背景对学习结果影响的抗逆力是与教育公平和社会流动相关的重要问题.PISA将家庭经济社会文化地位处于本国靠后的位置但素养表现居于前列的学生称为抗逆学生,根据国际、国内和核心技能视角下的认知成就抗逆学生定义,又综合生活、社会和心理幸福感的社会情感抗逆学生定义,计算出抗逆学生比例,以此作为反映各国教育公平状况的重要指标.PISA还从个体及家庭、学校和国家层面分析了影响抗逆力的因素.相关学者也基于TIMSS数据开展了抗逆学生形成的研究.这些研究对于测度教育结果公平、检验教育效能理论和教育公平理论具有一定的价值,也为参测国制定促进教育结果公平的政策以及学校改进针对处境不利学生的教育教学实践提供了参考. 相似文献
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教育公平是社会公平的基础.我国要构建社会主义和谐社会,必须实现教育公平的最大化.政策取向的不平等、教育投入的不平等、学校资源占有的不平等、学生家庭社会地位及经济条件的不平等等诸多因素,均影响我国教育公平的实现.要实现我国教育公平的最大化,必须逐步缩小乃至消除这些不平等因素. 相似文献
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基于“中国教育追踪调查”数据,探讨了教师期望、教师鼓励对学生自我教育期望的影响及其城乡差异的体现。研究发现：初中学生的自我教育期望存在显著的城乡差异,城区学生的自我教育期望在研究生及以上阶段的比例显著高于乡村和城镇等地;教师期望受城乡差异影响,期望学生上中专/技校、当一名乡镇的农村教师和乡镇教师比例均显著高于城区教师;我国不同地区类型对自我教育期望的整体影响并无显著性差异,但在局部因素影响下,不同地区的教师期望、教师鼓励对学生的自我教育期望的影响程度存在差异性。 相似文献
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蔡钟川 《广东广播电视大学学报》2012,21(4):75-81
为了解潮汕地区城乡初中生心理健康及其影响因素,以该地区城乡670名初中生为被试对象,对学生心理健康及影响学生心理健康的社会因素、家庭因素、个体因素（共15个因子）进行调查研究。结果表明：城市初中生的心理健康状况显著好于农村初中学生;城乡初中学生在五个因子上都存在显著差异;城乡学生的心理健康与影响因子的相关不尽相同,且在个别因子上存在反相关;在城乡初中生心理健康较好预测变量上,有较大不同。 相似文献
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Rural and Urban Differences in Student Achievement in Science and Mathematics: A Multilevel Analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Deidra J. Young 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(4):386-418
Recent educational research has demonstrated rural/urban differences in achievement and success in higher education. However, in order to assess the rural school's impact on student outcomes, rural/urban comparisons must be made after accounting for student background variables. Researchers have begun to question the generalisability of the effective school model for urban, suburban, and rural schools, given substantial differences in their social and organisational environments (Hannaway & Talbert, 1993). The purpose of this research study was to examine differences in student achievement between rural and urban schools in Western Australia, after controlling for student background variables. By using multilevel modelling techniques, this study demonstrated that the location of the school had a significant effect upon student achievement, with students attending rural schools not performing as well as students from urban schools. 相似文献
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彭波 《湖南教育学院学报》2014,(5):73-79
对义务教育而言,努力缩小城乡义务教育阶段学生学业差距是义务教育均衡发展的应然目标。通过对C、Y、H三县学生2010年初中毕业生会考成绩进行比较分析得出,城乡学生在平均分、合格率和优秀率上均存在程度不一的差距。我们认为,造成这种差异的原因主要包括城乡学生家庭环境的差异、学前教育及学校教育质量的差距等。要缩小这种差距,一是加强农村社区资源建设,大力发展农村学前教育;二是创建城乡教师交流制度,加大农村教师队伍建设力度;三是大力推进农村学校小规模化及小班化教学,提高学校教育教学质量。 相似文献
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张意忠黄礼红 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2018,(5):1-010
通过对3050位高中学生家长的调查研究表明,影响家庭高等教育需求的经济资本、社会资本、文化资本、子女因素、高校因素与社会因素等6个维度之间,由于城乡家庭资本的不同而呈现显著性差异。农村家庭认为家庭经济资本、社会资本与文化资本对高等教育需求的影响程度大于城市家庭,而城市家庭认为子女因素、高校因素和社会因素的影响程度大于农村家庭。要消除这种影响差异,需要实行城乡一体化,提高农民收入,缩小城乡差距,实现教育公平。 相似文献
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基于PISA 2018中国四省市数据,对家庭背景、学校氛围与学生抗逆力的影响机制进行分析.研究发现,对标OECD国家进行比较,中国四省市抗逆力表现略低于国际水平;家庭背景层面,家庭文化资本和经济资本对学生抗逆力提升更有效,而家庭社会资本则无显著影响;学校层面,学校氛围能显著正向影响学生抗逆力;学校氛围和家庭背景对学生抗... 相似文献
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Student satisfaction gains an increasingly central position in the context of quality measurements. However, student satisfaction can also be stipulated as an important motivational factor for students as learners. This study combines this perspective on student satisfaction with the notion of differences in students’ ability. We hypothesize that differences in ability result in differences in student satisfaction. In line with concepts of high ability education, it is additionally hypothesized that this relation is mediated by educational stimulation—divided in cognitive, creative and professional stimulation—as well as by participation in honour programmes. A structural equation modelling (N = 733) of factors affecting student satisfaction in higher education shows that cognitive, creative and professional stimulation are the largest influencers of bachelor students’ sense of satisfaction. The interrelation between these three aspects of educational stimulation also shows the complexity of higher educational practice, since it suggests that cognitive stimulation cannot be realized without a creative factor, and vice versa. Professional stimulation needs both. Furthermore, the results show that educational stimulation mediates the effect of students’ ability on their educational satisfaction. This implies that changes in education can indeed influence students’ educational satisfaction, especially by providing educational quality. Finally, considering students’ ability level, it is shown that especially cognitively abler students are less easy to satisfy. The combination of educational stimulation and ability suggests that especially the more cognitively able students do not feel themselves sufficiently cognitively or creatively stimulated, and hence are less satisfied in vocational higher education. 相似文献
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Carla E. Förster M. 《Cultura y Educación》2013,25(3):476-504
AbstractThis research analyses the impact of home practices, sociodemographic variables (family income and parents’ education) and attendance at a formal education programme prior to the development of early literacy skills of 240 children (four years old) from rural and urban disadvantaged families starting nursery school in Chile. The results show that the development of literacy skills was higher in urban children. In rural areas, family practices (words games) and family income had the most predictive weight on the performance of children and no differences were found between those who attended a prior educational programme and those who remained at home; while in urban areas, programme attendance had the highest impact, so that children who remained at home attained a lower developmental level, similar to those of rural areas. The implications of these findings for educational practice and policy are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Philip Siaw Kissi Muesser Nat Robert Benjamin Armah 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2018,66(6):1547-1569
Flipped learning approach combines video-based instruction (VBI) outside the classroom and problem-solving activities inside the classroom. The success of this instructional approach largely depends on students’ acceptance to learn the video presentation at home during pre-classroom activities. However, there are still very scarce insights regarding the evaluation of students’ eagerness to learn VBI. This paper aims to extend UTAUT model by adding learning–family conflict, perceived control over time and task-fit technology factors to investigate urban–rural high school students’ acceptance of VBI in flipped learning approach. 400 randomly selected students from urban and rural senior high school were used for the study. Structured equation modeling and multi-group analysis using t test were employed to analyze the survey data. The results showed that facilitation condition, task-fit technology, perceived control over time, performance expectancy, and learning–family conflict have positive influence on students’ behavioral intention to use VBI. Surprisingly, the t-test analysis indicated significant differences between groups, suggesting that students in the rural schools have low learning–family conflict, high perceived control over time, and high intention to use VBI than urban students. Detailed results and educational implications are discussed. 相似文献
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对高职大学生的网络风险认知现状进行调查,得出高职大学生网络风险认知存在网络风险意识未深入人心、对部分风险重视不足、对风险损失心理承受度低和对风险教育接收途径有限这四个问题。进行原因分析后,提出要加强媒体宣传、强化学校教育、重视家庭教育和鼓励自我教育这四个教育策略,以期提升大学生网络风险意识,提高其网络风险防范和应对能力,能更好地预防和抵御网络风险。 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. Markus P. Neuenschwander Dr. Tina Malti 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2009,12(2):216-232
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of family environment, school grade, performance and social behavior of students on educational trajectory. The research project Family-School-Job (FASE B) utilized a representative longitudinal sample of 454 students and their primary reference persons in the canton of Bern (Switzerland). Using step-wise logistic regression analyses, the study investigated the predictive value of family-based and individual determinants at the end of primary school for the transition to lower secondary schooling and for the development at upper secondary education (academic education or vocational training). The transition to lower secondary education was more strongly influenced by grades than by results of standardized performance tests. Parental expectation, parents’ socio-economic background and by classroom misbehavior were also important predictors.Parental expectations predicted educational pathways into secondary education whereas grades in German andgender were partially significant only. Parental expectations permit precise predictions of educational pathways, even when controlling for students’ grades and performance. 相似文献